{"id":"https://openalex.org/W958199841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","title":"Chunking Clinical Text Containing Non-Canonical Language","display_name":"Chunking Clinical Text Containing Non-Canonical Language","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W958199841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","mag":"958199841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-3411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-3411.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086806","display_name":"Workshop on Biomedical Language Processing (BioNLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of BioNLP 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-3411.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019018683","display_name":"Aleksandar Savkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6831-5563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6831-5563"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandar Savkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics University of Sussex Brighton , UK","University of Sussex ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics University of Sussex Brighton , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sussex ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054610664","display_name":"John M. Carroll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-337X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-337X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Carroll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics University of Sussex Brighton , UK","University of Sussex ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics University of Sussex Brighton , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sussex ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033009437","display_name":"Jackie Cassell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-0385","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-0385"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100063501","display_name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz7fr76","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100063501","https://openalex.org/I162608824","https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jackie Cassell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Primary Care and Public Health Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton , UK","Brighton and Sussex Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Primary Care and Public Health Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100063501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100063501"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9816,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75075657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"77","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.7768999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.7768999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.1607999950647354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/part-of-speech-tagging","display_name":"part-of-speech tagging","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-features","display_name":"contextual features","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-natural-language-processing","display_name":"clinical natural language processing","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203357204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089605","display_name":"Chunking (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.9211598634719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8413781523704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7232705354690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.637129545211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4915970265865326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4712039828300476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4573923349380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4194154739379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39905762672424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1588747501373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-3411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-3411.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086806","display_name":"Workshop on Biomedical Language Processing (BioNLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of BioNLP 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sro.sussex.ac.uk:53736","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/53736/1/W14-3411.pdf","pdf_url":"http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/53736/1/W14-3411.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400129","display_name":"Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","host_organization_name":"University of Sussex","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.646.9302","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.646.9302","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W14-3411/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/23415851","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/presentation/Chunking_clinical_text_containing_non-canonical_language/23415851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-3411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3411","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-3411.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086806","display_name":"Workshop on Biomedical Language Processing (BioNLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of BioNLP 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7799999713897705}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W958199841.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W958199841.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68441731","https://openalex.org/W166521796","https://openalex.org/W192665053","https://openalex.org/W371426616","https://openalex.org/W793766733","https://openalex.org/W1538382016","https://openalex.org/W1623072288","https://openalex.org/W1632114991","https://openalex.org/W1666538313","https://openalex.org/W1988995507","https://openalex.org/W1996430422","https://openalex.org/W2007367068","https://openalex.org/W2031420872","https://openalex.org/W2058412233","https://openalex.org/W2097125878","https://openalex.org/W2129227538","https://openalex.org/W2146089916","https://openalex.org/W2148349752","https://openalex.org/W2159859968","https://openalex.org/W2160986985","https://openalex.org/W2399720833","https://openalex.org/W2951299559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2236169403","https://openalex.org/W5884792","https://openalex.org/W2062331696","https://openalex.org/W1544752668","https://openalex.org/W7098892954","https://openalex.org/W2057217674","https://openalex.org/W2093261131","https://openalex.org/W1548184736","https://openalex.org/W23831635","https://openalex.org/W1599682086"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Free":[0],"text":[1,20,42],"notes":[2,21],"typed":[3],"by":[4],"primary":[5],"care":[6],"physicians":[7],"during":[8],"patient":[9],"consultations":[10],"typically":[11],"contain":[12],"highly":[13],"non-canonical":[14],"language.Shallow":[15],"syntactic":[16],"analysis":[17],"of":[18,31,62,67],"free":[19],"can":[22],"help":[23],"to":[24,57],"reveal":[25],"valuable":[26],"information":[27],"for":[28],"the":[29,78],"study":[30,38],"disease":[32],"and":[33,48,65,85],"treatment.We":[34],"present":[35],"an":[36],"exploratory":[37],"into":[39],"chunking":[40,53,98],"such":[41],"using":[43],"offthe-shelf":[44],"language":[45],"processing":[46],"tools":[47],"pre-trained":[49],"statistical":[50],"models.We":[51],"evaluate":[52],"accuracy":[54],"with":[55],"respect":[56],"partof-speech":[58],"tagging":[59,89],"quality,":[60],"choice":[61],"chunk":[63,83],"representation,":[64],"breadth":[66],"context":[68,74],"features.Our":[69],"results":[70],"indicate":[71],"that":[72,82],"narrow":[73],"feature":[75],"windows":[76],"give":[77],"best":[79],"results,":[80],"but":[81],"representation":[84],"minor":[86],"differences":[87],"in":[88],"quality":[90],"do":[91],"not":[92],"have":[93],"a":[94],"significant":[95],"impact":[96],"on":[97],"accuracy.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}