{"id":"https://openalex.org/W95365225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013273214769","title":"Causal Set Dynamics and Elementary Particles","display_name":"Causal Set Dynamics and Elementary Particles","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W95365225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013273214769","mag":"95365225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1013273214769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013273214769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013273214769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194044894","display_name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","issn_l":"0020-7748","issn":["0020-7748","1572-9575"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080880966","display_name":"Alexey L. Krugly","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexey L. Krugly","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080880966"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00574194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-set-theory","display_name":"causal sets","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-diagrams","display_name":"causal graphs","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-structure","display_name":"X-structure","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-measurement","display_name":"quantum measurement","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-amplitude","display_name":"complex amplitude","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-particles","display_name":"elementary particles","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-masses","display_name":"particle masses","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dirac-equation","display_name":"Dirac equation","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fermions","display_name":"fermions","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-1-2","display_name":"spin-1/2","score":0.8769999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.6610088348388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103257674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934937","display_name":"Multiple edges","level":3,"score":0.6046226024627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5083507895469666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4747115671634674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.47448113560676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8764922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17104195","display_name":"Topological graph","level":3,"score":0.4655872583389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80183032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922777","display_name":"Vertex model","level":2,"score":0.44044363498687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17758045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642629","display_name":"Multigraph","level":3,"score":0.4338605999946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82601208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272621","display_name":"Dirac equation","level":2,"score":0.43013590574264526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.41293907165527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3402456045150757}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1013273214769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013273214769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013273214769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194044894","display_name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","issn_l":"0020-7748","issn":["0020-7748","1572-9575"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W294582440","https://openalex.org/W1518612907","https://openalex.org/W1546168487","https://openalex.org/W2053711071","https://openalex.org/W2057282317","https://openalex.org/W2077470755","https://openalex.org/W2079664466","https://openalex.org/W3019012123","https://openalex.org/W3102710250","https://openalex.org/W4247549312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996885987","https://openalex.org/W1502693120","https://openalex.org/W279616603","https://openalex.org/W1581618433","https://openalex.org/W2316217360","https://openalex.org/W1506859129","https://openalex.org/W2142391841","https://openalex.org/W3003856364","https://openalex.org/W7100356264","https://openalex.org/W1502323949"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
