{"id":"https://openalex.org/W95046491","doi":null,"title":"Challenges for a Mixed Initiative Spoken Dialog System for Oral Reading Tutoring","display_name":"Challenges for a Mixed Initiative Spoken Dialog System for Oral Reading Tutoring","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W95046491","mag":"95046491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.559.1447","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.559.1447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aaai.org/Papers/Symposia/Spring/1997/SS-97-04/SS97-04-001.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W95046491"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111448962","display_name":"Gregory Aist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Aist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111448962"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9846,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91178224,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-initiative-interaction","display_name":"mixed-initiative interaction","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoken-dialogue-systems","display_name":"spoken dialogue systems","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-tutoring-systems","display_name":"intelligent tutoring systems","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention-decisions","display_name":"intervention decisions","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-criteria","display_name":"evaluation criteria","score":0.6740000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173853756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86915","display_name":"Dialog box","level":2,"score":0.7372320294380188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778371403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7672049","display_name":"TUTOR","level":2,"score":0.670250654220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6668972969055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6609496474266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5574855804443359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78821406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391810","display_name":"Think aloud protocol","level":3,"score":0.4963389039039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4869164228439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055492","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","level":2,"score":0.41286417841911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.391611784696579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.38529109954833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3709423542022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15401768684387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12179535627365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07554695010185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.07115793228149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.06886124610900879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.559.1447","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.559.1447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aaai.org/Papers/Symposia/Spring/1997/SS-97-04/SS97-04-001.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:95046491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.aaai.org/Papers/Symposia/Spring/1997/SS-97-04/SS97-04-001.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W901523","https://openalex.org/W1488151731","https://openalex.org/W1584236318","https://openalex.org/W1922745798","https://openalex.org/W1975646924","https://openalex.org/W2013196554","https://openalex.org/W2048872231","https://openalex.org/W2109836887","https://openalex.org/W2120316500","https://openalex.org/W2120760020","https://openalex.org/W2124099005","https://openalex.org/W2157463827","https://openalex.org/W2170983113","https://openalex.org/W2264742718","https://openalex.org/W2567288051"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1594619524","https://openalex.org/W2966123672","https://openalex.org/W2171468526","https://openalex.org/W158806452","https://openalex.org/W2164074476","https://openalex.org/W191887102","https://openalex.org/W1761070798","https://openalex.org/W119129028","https://openalex.org/W7098840236","https://openalex.org/W2904415994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deciding":[0],"when":[1,8],"a":[2,80,93],"task":[3,65],"is":[4],"complete":[5],"and":[6,11,44,51,86],"deciding":[7],"to":[9,40,82],"intervene":[10],"provide":[12],"assistance":[13],"are":[14],"two":[15],"basic":[16],"challenges":[17],"for":[18,91],"an":[19,34],"intelligent":[20],"tutoring":[21],"system.":[22],"This":[23],"paper":[24],"describes":[25],"these":[26],"decisions":[27,62],"in":[28],"the":[29,64,83],"context":[30],"of":[31,79],"Project":[32],"LISTEN,":[33],"oral":[35],"reading":[36],"tutor":[37],"that":[38,55],"listens":[39],"children":[41],"read":[42],"aloud":[43],"helps":[45],"them.":[46],"We":[47,74],"present":[48],"theoretical":[49],"analysis":[50],"experimental":[52],"results":[53],"demonstrating":[54],"supporting":[56],"mixed":[57],"initiative":[58],"interaction":[59],"produces":[60],"better":[61],"on":[63],"completeness":[66],"decision":[67],"than":[68],"either":[69],"system-only":[70],"or":[71],"user-only":[72],"initiative.":[73],"describe":[75],"some":[76],"desired":[77],"characteristics":[78],"solution":[81],"intervention":[84],"decision,":[85],"specify":[87],"possible":[88],"evaluation":[89],"criteria":[90],"such":[92],"solution.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
