{"id":"https://openalex.org/W93286229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","title":"Evaluation of barrier creams: an in vitro technique on human skin.","display_name":"Evaluation of barrier creams: an in vitro technique on human skin.","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W93286229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","mag":"93286229","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7908477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2340/000155557416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210846","display_name":"Acta Dermato Venereologica","issn_l":"0001-5555","issn":["0001-5555","1651-2057"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317100","host_organization_name":"Soc for Publication of\u00a0Acta Dermato-Venereologica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317100"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soc for Publication of\u00a0Acta Dermato-Venereologica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W93286229"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040593659","display_name":"Pierre Treffel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Treffel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027108381","display_name":"Bernard Gabard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Gabard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059888784","display_name":"R Juch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Juch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1725},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1725},"fwci":8.1863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":273,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99289617,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"1","first_page":"7","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11033","display_name":"Contact Dermatitis and Allergies","score":0.02459999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10837","display_name":"Dermatology and Skin Diseases","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barrier-creams","display_name":"barrier creams","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-barrier","display_name":"skin barrier","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-skin-model","display_name":"in vitro skin model","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-lipids","display_name":"skin lipids","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-permeability","display_name":"water permeability","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transepidermal-water-loss","display_name":"transepidermal water loss","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corneocytes","display_name":"corneocytes","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-mechanics","display_name":"skin biomechanics","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991981033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Skin barrier","level":2,"score":0.7765028476715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777459323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5259911","display_name":"Human skin","level":2,"score":0.6026998162269592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.5057477951049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.4350842237472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3409162163734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.290785551071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13860252499580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078404","descriptor_name":"Epidermal Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010539","descriptor_name":"Permeability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012869","descriptor_name":"Skin Absorption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014870","descriptor_name":"Water Loss, Insensible","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050356","descriptor_name":"Lipid Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2340/000155557416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210846","display_name":"Acta Dermato Venereologica","issn_l":"0001-5555","issn":["0001-5555","1651-2057"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317100","host_organization_name":"Soc for Publication of\u00a0Acta Dermato-Venereologica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317100"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soc for Publication of\u00a0Acta Dermato-Venereologica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7908477","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7908477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta dermato-venereologica","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2340/000155557416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/000155557416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210846","display_name":"Acta Dermato Venereologica","issn_l":"0001-5555","issn":["0001-5555","1651-2057"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317100","host_organization_name":"Soc for Publication of\u00a0Acta Dermato-Venereologica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317100"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soc for Publication of\u00a0Acta Dermato-Venereologica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2397547100","https://openalex.org/W114688303","https://openalex.org/W2488729391","https://openalex.org/W2061105458","https://openalex.org/W2128231028","https://openalex.org/W2077008506","https://openalex.org/W4393255364","https://openalex.org/W2171863110","https://openalex.org/W4255619080","https://openalex.org/W6904879187"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,28],"skin":[1,33,74,140],"barrier":[2,34,52,108],"primarily":[3],"protects":[4],"the":[5,20,25,32,51,55,73,78,81,96,120,125,129,139,143,147,160,170,174,180,194,200],"body":[6],"against":[7],"uncontrolled":[8],"loss":[9,115],"of":[10,19,31,72,80,116,146,179,197],"water":[11,16,117],"and":[12,17,43,54,57,113,135,154],"in":[13,95,169,193,199],"addition":[14,124],"prevents":[15],"matter":[18],"environment":[21],"from":[22],"indiscriminately":[23],"entering":[24],"living":[26],"system.":[27],"current":[29],"concept":[30],"suggests":[35],"that":[36,109,168],"permeability":[37],"is":[38,166],"governed":[39],"by":[40,89],"a":[41,44,65,111],"hydrophilic":[42,56],"hydrophobic":[45,58,155],"\"channel\".":[46],"To":[47],"account":[48],"both":[49],"for":[50,104,128],"function":[53],"pathways":[59],"through":[60,159],"this":[61],"barrier,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"new":[66],"model,":[67],"\"the":[68],"domain":[69],"mosaic":[70],"model":[71,126],"barrier\",":[75],"which":[76],"depicts":[77],"bulk":[79,195],"lipids":[82,93,198],"as":[83],"segregated":[84],"into":[85],"crystalline/gel":[86],"domains":[87],"bordered":[88],"\"grain":[90,148],"borders\"":[91,149],"where":[92,152],"are":[94],"fluid":[97,144],"crystalline":[98,175,201],"state.":[99],"Such":[100],"an":[101,105],"arrangement":[102],"provides":[103,127],"effective":[106],"\"water-tight\"":[107],"allows":[110],"minute":[112],"controlled":[114],"to":[118,184],"keep":[119],"corneocytes":[121],"moistened.":[122],"In":[123],"necessary":[130],"mechanical":[131],"properties":[132],"permitting":[133],"bending":[134],"stress":[136],"imposed":[137],"on":[138,162],"surface.":[141],"Furthermore,":[142],"character":[145],"represents":[150],"areas":[151,172],"lipid":[153,181],"molecules":[156],"may":[157,187],"diffuse":[158],"system":[161],"down-hill":[163],"gradients.":[164],"It":[165],"suggested":[167],"border":[171],"between":[173],"domains,":[176],"structural":[177,191],"transformations":[178],"organization":[182,196],"due":[183],"permeation":[185],"promoters":[186],"take":[188],"place":[189],"without":[190],"changes":[192],"or":[202],"gel":[203],"phase.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
