{"id":"https://openalex.org/W93173320","doi":null,"title":"Learning HTN method preconditions and action models from partial observations","display_name":"Learning HTN method preconditions and action models from partial observations","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W93173320","mag":"93173320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-47279","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-47279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017811036","display_name":"Hankz Hankui Zhuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-2578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-2578"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hankz Hankui Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-2578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109422222","display_name":"Derek Hao Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek Hao Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021006409","display_name":"Chad Hogg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6771-5844","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6771-5844"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chad Hogg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6771-5844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636286","display_name":"Qiang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5059-8360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5059-8360","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-4692","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-8775","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-1516","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6524-9443"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5059-8360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088876061","display_name":"H\u00e9ctor Mu\u00f1oz\u2010Avila","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H\u00e9ctor Mu\u00f1oz-\u00c1vila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2433,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88298109,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1804","last_page":"1809"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-task-network-planning","display_name":"hierarchical task network planning","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action-models","display_name":"action models","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-observability","display_name":"partial observability","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition-tree","display_name":"decomposition tree","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-learning","display_name":"constraint learning","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighted-max-sat","display_name":"weighted MaxSAT","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-knowledge-acquisition","display_name":"automatic knowledge acquisition","score":0.5799999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7582412958145142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7065561413764954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.633720874786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6062321066856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.5894001722335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5645484328269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.5493943691253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.5327225923538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.49772146344184875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4952212870121002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1159711480140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-47279","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-47279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"mag:93173320","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-300.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419999","display_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134616251","https://openalex.org/W1512541792","https://openalex.org/W1567001657","https://openalex.org/W1581661059","https://openalex.org/W1868639127","https://openalex.org/W1981446214","https://openalex.org/W2024113144","https://openalex.org/W2122048287","https://openalex.org/W2133999127","https://openalex.org/W2160841629","https://openalex.org/W2162227979","https://openalex.org/W2165789488","https://openalex.org/W2337392266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996913161","https://openalex.org/W2081468493","https://openalex.org/W4282971439","https://openalex.org/W39711452","https://openalex.org/W99175558","https://openalex.org/W7132936338","https://openalex.org/W7097269219","https://openalex.org/W2160841629","https://openalex.org/W1598464953","https://openalex.org/W7101267288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"apply":[1],"hierarchical":[2],"task":[3],"network":[4],"(HTN)":[5],"planning":[6,9,48,58,84],"to":[7,13,59,81,110,132],"real-world":[8],"problems,":[10],"one":[11],"needs":[12],"encode":[14],"the":[15,32,46,89,157],"HTN":[16,33,47,57,83,142],"schemata":[17],"and":[18,29,55,79,91,95,114,135,162,171],"action":[19,112,133,150],"models":[20,113,134,151],"beforehand.":[21],"However,":[22],"acquiring":[23],"such":[24,65],"domain":[25,34,49,85],"knowledge":[26,50],"is":[27,68,168],"difficult":[28],"time-consuming":[30],"because":[31],"definition":[35],"involves":[36],"a":[37,76,123],"significant":[38],"knowledge-engineering":[39,66],"effort.":[40],"A":[41],"system":[42],"that":[43,164],"can":[44,129],"learn":[45],"automatically":[51],"would":[52],"save":[53],"time":[54],"allow":[56],"be":[60,130],"used":[61],"in":[62],"domains":[63],"where":[64],"effort":[67],"not":[69,146],"feasible.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"paper,":[73],"we":[74,144],"present":[75],"formal":[77],"framework":[78],"algorithms":[80],"acquire":[82],"knowledge,":[86],"by":[87],"learning":[88],"preconditions":[90,96],"effects":[92],"of":[93,97],"actions":[94],"methods.":[98],"Our":[99],"algorithm,":[100],"HTN-learner,":[101],"first":[102],"builds":[103],"constraints":[104,121],"from":[105],"given":[106],"observed":[107],"decomposition":[108],"trees":[109],"build":[111],"method":[115,136],"preconditions.":[116,137],"It":[117],"then":[118],"solves":[119],"these":[120],"using":[122],"weighted":[124],"MAX-SAT":[125],"solver.":[126],"The":[127],"solution":[128],"converted":[131],"Unlike":[138],"prior":[139],"work":[140],"on":[141,148,159],"learning,":[143],"do":[145],"depend":[147],"complete":[149],"or":[152],"state":[153],"information.":[154],"We":[155],"test":[156],"algorithm":[158,167],"several":[160],"domains,":[161],"show":[163],"our":[165],"HTN-learner":[166],"both":[169],"effective":[170],"efficient.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}