{"id":"https://openalex.org/W91545629","doi":null,"title":"Home dampness and molds as determinants of respiratory symptoms and asthma in pre-school children.","display_name":"Home dampness and molds as determinants of respiratory symptoms and asthma in pre-school children.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W91545629","mag":"91545629","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9857299"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9857299","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9857299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075594978","display_name":"Jouni J. K. Jaakkola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-4683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-4683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J J Jaakkola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075594978","display_name":"Jouni J. K. Jaakkola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-4683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-4683"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N Jaakkola","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054806577","display_name":"R. Ruotsalainen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Ruotsalainen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3691,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":133,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86306191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3 Suppl 1","issue":null,"first_page":"129","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11002","display_name":"Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11002","display_name":"Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-dampness","display_name":"home dampness","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-mold","display_name":"indoor mold","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-symptoms","display_name":"respiratory symptoms","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"asthma","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-damage","display_name":"water damage","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheezing","display_name":"wheezing","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-cough","display_name":"chronic cough","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasal-congestion","display_name":"nasal congestion","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sputum","display_name":"sputum","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-air-quality","display_name":"indoor air quality","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-tobacco-smoke","display_name":"environmental tobacco smoke","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/espoo","display_name":"Espoo","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daycare-centers","display_name":"daycare centers","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pet","display_name":"PET","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-cooking","display_name":"gas cooking","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-parent-families","display_name":"single-parent families","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-education","display_name":"parental education","score":0.5059999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7582689523696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.6929363012313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777844070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245488","display_name":"Nasal congestion","level":3,"score":0.5948569774627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.5261832475662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777917907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272436","display_name":"Hay fever","level":3,"score":0.5226678252220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5132791996002197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.48499032855033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778338976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q517104","display_name":"Wheeze","level":3,"score":0.45514845848083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4498613476753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.39517635107040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7363","display_name":"Nose","level":2,"score":0.31779152154922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19251325726509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.11941283941268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005387","descriptor_name":"Finland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005658","descriptor_name":"Fungi","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006798","descriptor_name":"Housing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006813","descriptor_name":"Humidity","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011159","descriptor_name":"Population Surveillance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012135","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Sounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012220","descriptor_name":"Rhinitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014504","descriptor_name":"Urban Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018881","descriptor_name":"Suburban Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9857299","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9857299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:91545629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9857299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997982180","https://openalex.org/W2978119318","https://openalex.org/W2027428604","https://openalex.org/W1978719708","https://openalex.org/W1902412051","https://openalex.org/W2023206914","https://openalex.org/W1974106409","https://openalex.org/W3036902994","https://openalex.org/W2113210836","https://openalex.org/W2018332484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67,104,125,146,176,311],"objective":[1],"of":[2,10,40,47,55,73,101,106,110,114,173,178,215,221,268,271,278,305,319,327,336],"our":[3],"study":[4,27,68],"was":[5,28,227,283,286],"to":[6,15,36,52,230,243,255],"assess":[7],"the":[8,63,79,102,139,152,207,213,219,231,237,258,262,269,272,276,303,308,317,325,334],"occurrence":[9,177,220,270,304],"respiratory":[11,88,263,328],"symptoms":[12,273,306,329],"in":[13,19,21,42,62,151,324],"relation":[14,267],"dampness":[16,321],"and":[17,95,98,116,119,131,136,143,171,200,245,302,322,330],"molds":[18,118,323],"dwellings":[20],"pre-school":[22],"children.":[23],"A":[24,265],"population-based":[25],"cross-sectional":[26],"carried":[29],"out":[30],"by":[31],"mailing":[32],"a":[33,37,43,71,249,288,299,340],"parent-administered":[34],"questionnaire":[35,80],"random":[38],"sample":[39],"children":[41,49,75],"source":[44],"population":[45,69],"consisting":[46],"all":[48],"aged":[50],"1":[51],"6":[53],"years":[54],"Espoo,":[56],"an":[57],"urban-suburban":[58],"city":[59],"(pop.":[60],"170,000)":[61],"Helsinki":[64],"metropolitan":[65],"area.":[66],"included":[70,127],"total":[72],"2568":[74],"whose":[76],"parents":[77],"filled":[78],"(response":[81],"rate":[82],"80%).":[83],"Included":[84],"were":[85,108,149,210],"questions":[86],"on":[87,316,333],"health,":[89],"partly":[90],"modified":[91],"from":[92,241,253],"ATS-DLD-78-C":[93],"questionnaire,":[94],"potential":[96],"personal":[97],"environmental":[99,165],"determinants":[100,105],"outcome.":[103],"interest":[107],"histories":[109],"water":[111,246,293],"damage,":[112],"presence":[113,214],"moisture":[115],"visible":[117],"perceived":[120],"mold":[121,281,337],"odor":[122,235,282,338],"at":[123],"home.":[124],"outcomes":[126],"persistent":[128,133,179],"cough,":[129],"phlegm":[130,187],"wheezing,":[132],"nasal":[134,195,201],"congestion":[135,196],"excretion":[137,202],"during":[138,206,236,307],"past":[140,208,238,309],"12":[141],"months":[142],"current":[144],"asthma.":[145],"determinant-outcome":[147],"relations":[148],"estimated":[150],"logistic":[153],"regression":[154],"controlling":[155],"for":[156],"age,":[157],"gender,":[158],"parents'":[159],"education,":[160],"single":[161],"parent":[162],"or":[163],"guardian,":[164],"tobacco":[166],"smoke,":[167],"gas":[168],"cooking,":[169],"pets":[170],"type":[172],"day":[174],"care.":[175],"cough":[180],"(OR":[181,223],"2.17;":[182],"95%":[183],"CI":[184],"1.39,":[185,193],"3.39),":[186],"(2.20;":[188],"1.27,":[189],"3.82),":[190],"wheezing":[191],"(2.62;":[192],"4.39),":[194],"(1.94;":[197],"1.15,":[198],"4.98),":[199],"(1.43;":[203],"0.95,":[204],"2.17)":[205],"year":[209,239,250,300],"higher":[211],"with":[212,261,275,280],"any":[216],"determinant,":[217],"but":[218],"asthma":[222],"1.10;":[224],"0.54,":[225],"2.24)":[226],"similar":[228],"compared":[229],"reference":[232],"group.":[233],"Mold":[234],"(ORs":[240,252],"2.38":[242],"6.87)":[244],"damage":[247,294],"over":[248],"ago":[251,301],"2.54":[254],"8.67)":[256],"had":[257],"strongest":[259],"association":[260],"symptoms.":[264],"dose-response":[266],"associated":[274],"frequency":[277],"days":[279],"observed.":[284],"There":[285],"also":[287],"compatible":[289],"time":[290],"sequence":[291],"between":[292],"taking":[295],"place":[296],"more":[297],"than":[298],"year.":[310],"results":[312],"provide":[313],"further":[314],"evidence":[315],"importance":[318],"home":[320],"etiology":[326],"new":[331],"information":[332],"role":[335],"as":[339],"risk":[341],"indicator.":[342]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}