{"id":"https://openalex.org/W90521207","doi":null,"title":"Changes in Gait Variability Across the Lifespan in Persons with Down Syndrome.","display_name":"Changes in Gait Variability Across the Lifespan in Persons with Down Syndrome.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W90521207","mag":"90521207"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/63874","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63874/1/bethas_1.pdf","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/63874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/63874","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082441999","display_name":"Beth A. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2531-5394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2531-5394","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-4300"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Beth A. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2531-5394","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082441999"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.6220999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.6220999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11015","display_name":"Down syndrome and intellectual disability research","score":0.3082999885082245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12241","display_name":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","score":0.023800000548362732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/down-syndrome","display_name":"Down syndrome","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-variability","display_name":"gait variability","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifespan-development","display_name":"lifespan development","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-dynamics","display_name":"nonlinear dynamics","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-exponents","display_name":"Lyapunov exponents","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximate-entropy","display_name":"approximate entropy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coefficient-of-variation","display_name":"coefficient of variation","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/step-width-variability","display_name":"step width variability","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walking-speed","display_name":"walking speed","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-perturbations","display_name":"environmental disturbance","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preadolescents","display_name":"preadolescents","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toddlers","display_name":"toddlers","score":0.8230000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.6901923418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.5706383585929871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.41660356521606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.41143208742141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.389732301235199}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/63874","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63874/1/bethas_1.pdf","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/63874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.836.4826","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.836.4826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/63874/bethas_1.pdf%3Bjsessionid%3D5DCABB625459F812812FB3051F63D47C?sequence%3D1","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:90521207","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/63874","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/63874","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63874/1/bethas_1.pdf","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/63874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W90521207.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W90521207.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30649739","https://openalex.org/W133572592","https://openalex.org/W313049202","https://openalex.org/W1495446992","https://openalex.org/W1517655341","https://openalex.org/W1563098518","https://openalex.org/W1567660092","https://openalex.org/W1586227619","https://openalex.org/W1788500945","https://openalex.org/W1910322641","https://openalex.org/W1964970459","https://openalex.org/W1968170981","https://openalex.org/W1969511443","https://openalex.org/W1969647642","https://openalex.org/W1978873660","https://openalex.org/W1983294036","https://openalex.org/W1983377165","https://openalex.org/W1992125647","https://openalex.org/W1999982075","https://openalex.org/W2000823852","https://openalex.org/W2005926126","https://openalex.org/W2006711104","https://openalex.org/W2010159384","https://openalex.org/W2010751823","https://openalex.org/W2013200342","https://openalex.org/W2013529128","https://openalex.org/W2014971825","https://openalex.org/W2016830113","https://openalex.org/W2021197369","https://openalex.org/W2021867619","https://openalex.org/W2027070906","https://openalex.org/W2027311324","https://openalex.org/W2031054859","https://openalex.org/W2038934257","https://openalex.org/W2039052750","https://openalex.org/W2039675944","https://openalex.org/W2039722883","https://openalex.org/W2040568083","https://openalex.org/W2040821793","https://openalex.org/W2046431391","https://openalex.org/W2046854924","https://openalex.org/W2048904819","https://openalex.org/W2050645726","https://openalex.org/W2056609080","https://openalex.org/W2065418940","https://openalex.org/W2065942939","https://openalex.org/W2066278059","https://openalex.org/W2066476965","https://openalex.org/W2068060202","https://openalex.org/W2069225026","https://openalex.org/W2073341716","https://openalex.org/W2084840846","https://openalex.org/W2087107538","https://openalex.org/W2090447606","https://openalex.org/W2094512042","https://openalex.org/W2099718179","https://openalex.org/W2103066834","https://openalex.org/W2104696314","https://openalex.org/W2105347715","https://openalex.org/W2112930007","https://openalex.org/W2113354350","https://openalex.org/W2115244886","https://openalex.org/W2116192143","https://openalex.org/W2116516133","https://openalex.org/W2117261784","https://openalex.org/W2118168704","https://openalex.org/W2120196735","https://openalex.org/W2121647405","https://openalex.org/W2125848295","https://openalex.org/W2125890869","https://openalex.org/W2127393672","https://openalex.org/W2130147724","https://openalex.org/W2131091986","https://openalex.org/W2132275237","https://openalex.org/W2133188816","https://openalex.org/W2133889620","https://openalex.org/W2139031198","https://openalex.org/W2144073363","https://openalex.org/W2152883895","https://openalex.org/W2155142440","https://openalex.org/W2158942370","https://openalex.org/W2166592781","https://openalex.org/W2169952963","https://openalex.org/W2170537717","https://openalex.org/W2171638111","https://openalex.org/W2418292076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128094490","https://openalex.org/W2044793000","https://openalex.org/W2902504382","https://openalex.org/W3118678083","https://openalex.org/W7097437141","https://openalex.org/W4389310772","https://openalex.org/W2056218632","https://openalex.org/W2728281153","https://openalex.org/W2058713231","https://openalex.org/W3135210476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Variability":[0],"is":[1,151,219,300],"always":[2],"present":[3],"during":[4],"repetitive":[5],"movements.":[6],"Scholars":[7],"have":[8,16,203],"studied":[9],"human":[10],"movement":[11,117,165],"patterns":[12,87,166,182,327],"for":[13],"years,":[14],"but":[15],"only":[17],"recently":[18],"begun":[19],"to":[20,65,79,169,187,189,205,208,214,233,314],"focus":[21],"on":[22,104],"variability":[23,42,69,128,179,207,241,255,285,347],"as":[24,167],"something":[25],"other":[26],"than":[27,198,256,286,341],"noise":[28],"or":[29,312],"error.":[30],"I":[31,52,84,119],"followed":[32],"the":[33,144,176,224,238,243,267,325],"theoretical":[34],"perspective":[35],"that":[36,152,297],"optimal":[37],"amount":[38,239],"and":[39,61,70,91,98,110,127,156,161,172,195,259,318,333],"form":[40,67],"of":[41,68,76,82,178,228,240,252,266,271,282,328],"in":[43,88,123,129,163,180,237,246,304,324],"a":[44,71,105,234],"biological":[45],"system":[46],"supports":[47],"being":[48],"stable":[49],"yet":[50],"adaptable.":[51],"used":[53],"tools":[54],"from":[55,143,185],"nonlinear":[56,319,334],"dynamics,":[57],"Lyapunov":[58],"Exponent":[59],"(LyE)":[60],"Approximate":[62],"Entropy":[63],"(ApEn),":[64],"measure":[66,80],"traditional":[72],"linear":[73],"measure,":[74],"Coefficient":[75],"Variation":[77],"(CV),":[78],"quantity":[81,177],"variability.":[83],"tested":[85],"walking":[86,181],"toddlers,":[89],"preadolescents":[90,153,188,191,245,342],"older":[92,130,171,258,329],"adults":[93,131,330],"with":[94,132,154,276,289,306,331,343],"Down":[95],"syndrome":[96],"(DS)":[97],"typical":[99],"development":[100],"(TD).":[101],"Participants":[102],"walked":[103],"treadmill":[106],"at":[107,345],"preferred,":[108],"faster":[109],"slower":[111],"speeds":[112],"while":[113],"we":[114],"collected":[115],"3-D":[116],"data.":[118],"also":[120],"assessed":[121],"changes":[122],"overground":[124],"gait":[125,326],"parameters":[126],"DS":[133,155,277,344],"under":[134],"common":[135],"environmental":[136],"perturbation":[137],"conditions.":[138],"Overall,":[139],"two":[140],"themes":[141],"emerge":[142],"work":[145],"presented":[146],"here.":[147],"The":[148,212],"first":[149],"theme":[150,227],"TD":[157],"are":[158,309,338],"more":[159,301],"adaptive":[160],"flexible":[162],"their":[164,170,199,257,287],"compared":[168],"younger":[173,260],"peers.":[174],"Although":[175],"generally":[183],"decreases":[184],"toddlers":[186],"adults,":[190],"demonstrate":[192],"higher":[193],"ApEn":[194],"LyE":[196],"values":[197],"peers":[200,288],"indicating":[201],"they":[202,308,337],"learned":[204],"use":[206,265],"be":[209],"optimally":[210],"adaptive.":[211],"exception":[213],"this":[215,229],"general":[216],"pattern,":[217],"however,":[218],"step":[220,253,283,298],"width":[221,254,284,299],"variability,":[222],"representing":[223],"second":[225],"major":[226],"work.":[230],"As":[231],"opposed":[232],"decreasing":[235],"trend":[236],"across":[242],"lifespan,":[244],"both":[247],"groups":[248],"produce":[249],"larger":[250],"amounts":[251,281],"peers,":[261],"possibly":[262],"reflecting":[263],"efficient":[264],"passive":[268],"pendular":[269],"dynamics":[270],"walking.":[272],"In":[273],"addition,":[274],"participants":[275],"consistently":[278],"produced":[279],"smaller":[280],"TD.":[290],"This":[291],"robust":[292],"group":[293],"difference":[294],"may":[295],"reflect":[296],"actively":[302],"controlled":[303],"persons":[305],"DS;":[307],"less":[310,322,339],"willing":[311],"able":[313],"adjust":[315],"it.":[316],"Linear":[317],"measures":[320,335],"reflected":[321],"stability":[323],"DS,":[332],"showed":[336],"capable":[340],"utilizing":[346],"adaptively.":[348]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
