{"id":"https://openalex.org/W903186387","doi":null,"title":"Critical Thinking About Values: The Effects of an Instructional Program, Reasons for Attending College, and General Life Goals on the Application of Critical Thinking to Values Expressed in an Essay Prompt","display_name":"Critical Thinking About Values: The Effects of an Instructional Program, Reasons for Attending College, and General Life Goals on the Application of Critical Thinking to Values Expressed in an Essay Prompt","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W903186387","mag":"903186387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.bgsu.edu:psychology_diss-1104","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/psychology_diss/105","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1131378791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402596","display_name":"ScholarWorks@BGSU (Bowling Green State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157417397","host_organization_name":"Bowling Green State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychology Ph.D. Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1131378791","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087065921","display_name":"Michael A. Gillespie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0139-3574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0139-3574"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157417397","display_name":"Bowling Green State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay7va13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Gillespie","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Bowling Green State University]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bowling Green State University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087065921"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11715","display_name":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11715","display_name":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12531","display_name":"Values and Moral Education","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/values-education","display_name":"values education","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/introductory-psychology-students","display_name":"introductory psychology students","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instructional-program-evaluation","display_name":"instructional program evaluation","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incremental-validity","display_name":"incremental validity","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grade-point-average","display_name":"grade point average","score":0.7730000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533356498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843894","display_name":"Critical thinking","level":2,"score":0.7744864225387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5701492428779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5626278519630432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5241265892982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.41180071234703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.35259005427360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.32745468616485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.bgsu.edu:psychology_diss-1104","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/psychology_diss/105","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1131378791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402596","display_name":"ScholarWorks@BGSU (Bowling Green State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157417397","host_organization_name":"Bowling Green State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychology Ph.D. Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:bgsu1131378791","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1131378791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1131378791","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:903186387","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=bgsu1131378791&disposition=inline","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.bgsu.edu:psychology_diss-1104","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/psychology_diss/105","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1131378791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402596","display_name":"ScholarWorks@BGSU (Bowling Green State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157417397","host_organization_name":"Bowling Green State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychology Ph.D. Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W903186387.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W903186387.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504083137","https://openalex.org/W1530779536","https://openalex.org/W1545692749","https://openalex.org/W1560781297","https://openalex.org/W1583018219","https://openalex.org/W1603616772","https://openalex.org/W1718088738","https://openalex.org/W1730782591","https://openalex.org/W1902439135","https://openalex.org/W1974765176","https://openalex.org/W1989697356","https://openalex.org/W1990904922","https://openalex.org/W1993206200","https://openalex.org/W2008417375","https://openalex.org/W2020960136","https://openalex.org/W2024489688","https://openalex.org/W2046417641","https://openalex.org/W2054310099","https://openalex.org/W2056855771","https://openalex.org/W2066565584","https://openalex.org/W2092412352","https://openalex.org/W2096045362","https://openalex.org/W2111964893","https://openalex.org/W2117764466","https://openalex.org/W2119460547","https://openalex.org/W2120380779","https://openalex.org/W2126887535","https://openalex.org/W2128070591","https://openalex.org/W2133760197","https://openalex.org/W2134228166","https://openalex.org/W2141403362","https://openalex.org/W2145447103","https://openalex.org/W2167884222","https://openalex.org/W2797247465","https://openalex.org/W2904797997","https://openalex.org/W2964975699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041469885","https://openalex.org/W2461013448","https://openalex.org/W7171216054","https://openalex.org/W7097376511","https://openalex.org/W2653063551","https://openalex.org/W2260845944","https://openalex.org/W2808237872","https://openalex.org/W2972145929","https://openalex.org/W206870779","https://openalex.org/W4390541605"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,24,115],"is":[1,104],"an":[2,37,206],"important":[3],"and":[4,9,29,69,75,79,83,100,134,161,174,185,209,269,312,323,340],"exciting":[5],"time":[6],"for":[7,66,266,287,300,319],"discourse":[8],"action":[10],"regarding":[11],"how":[12,80],"to":[13,16,47,53,87,122,137,181,198,211,216,236,279,328,332,335,341],"train":[14],"people":[15],"think":[17,73],"critically":[18,74],"in":[19,55,273],"accordance":[20],"with":[21],"well-understood":[22],"values.":[23,101],"dissertation":[25],"provides":[26,93,118,244,252,306],"a":[27,94,105,183,213,307],"discussion":[28,308],"analysis":[30],"of":[31,51,97,107,126,144,153,157,163,176,205,257,276,291,309],"these":[32,88,310],"issues,":[33],"contextualized":[34],"empirically":[35],"within":[36,141],"innovative":[38],"program":[39,160,250,344],"at":[40,171],"Bowling":[41,111],"Green":[42,112],"State":[43],"University":[44],"(BGSU)":[45],"designed":[46],"develop":[48],"the":[49,63,110,123,131,139,142,158,172,177,188,201,217,221,238,274,280,288,292,298,301,337,343],"ability":[50],"students":[52],"engage":[54],"\u201ccritical":[56],"thinking":[57,82,99,226],"about":[58,191,227],"values.\u201d":[59],"Chapter":[60,102,128,242,304],"1":[61],"addresses":[62],"practical":[64],"need":[65],"employees,":[67],"citizens,":[68],"leaders":[70],"who":[71],"can":[72],"make":[76],"principled":[77],"decisions,":[78],"critical":[81,98],"values":[84,222],"are":[85],"relevant":[86],"societal":[89],"needs.":[90],"It":[91],"also":[92,117],"theoretical":[95],"treatment":[96],"2":[103],"description":[106],"BGSU\u2019s":[108],"program,":[109],"eXperience":[113],"(BGX).":[114],"chapter":[116],"general":[119,270],"hypotheses":[120,140,286,299],"related":[121],"learning":[124,240],"outcomes":[125,338],"BGX.":[127],"3":[129],"describes":[130],"quasi-experimental":[132],"methodology":[133],"measures":[135],"employed":[136],"test":[138],"Department":[143],"Psychology.":[145],"Six":[146],"introductory":[147],"psychology":[148],"classes":[149],"were":[150,155,165,169],"targeted,":[151],"three":[152,162],"which":[154,164,195],"part":[156],"BGX":[159,239,249],"otherwise":[166],"equivalent.":[167],"Participants":[168],"asked":[170],"beginning":[173],"end":[175],"Fall":[178],"2004":[179],"semester":[180],"complete":[182],"short-answer":[184],"essay":[186,207,218],"test,":[187],"Critical":[189],"Thinking":[190],"Values":[192],"Assessment":[193],"(CTVA),":[194],"required":[196],"them":[197],"(1)":[199],"identify":[200],"key":[202],"components":[203],"(KC)":[204],"prompt":[208],"(2)":[210],"write":[212],"three-part":[214],"response":[215],"that":[219,248,256],"articulated":[220],"expressed":[223],"therein":[224],"(critical":[225],"values;":[228],"CTV).":[229],"The":[230],"CTV":[231,302],"section":[232,290],"was":[233],"developed":[234],"specifically":[235],"measure":[237],"outcomes.":[241],"4":[243],"more":[245,330,345],"specific":[246],"hypotheses:":[247],"membership":[251],"incremental":[253],"validity":[254],"beyond":[255],"high":[258],"school":[259],"grade":[260],"point":[261],"average,":[262],"ACT/SAT":[263],"scores,":[264],"reasons":[265],"attending":[267],"college,":[268],"life":[271],"goals,":[272],"prediction":[275],"participant\u2019s":[277],"responses":[278],"CTVA.":[281],"Results":[282],"did":[283,296],"not":[284],"support":[285,297],"KC":[289],"CTVA":[293],"but":[294],"they":[295],"section.":[303],"5":[305],"results":[311],"their":[313],"limitations,":[314],"as":[315,317],"well":[316],"recommendations":[318],"future":[320],"instructional":[321],"programs":[322,327],"research":[324],"on":[325],"those":[326],"adhere":[329],"closely":[331],"established":[333],"theories,":[334],"refine":[336],"assessment,":[339],"implement":[342],"systematically.":[346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}