{"id":"https://openalex.org/W89946194","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","title":"Role of Incubation in Women Entrepreneurship Development in Pakistan","display_name":"Role of Incubation in Women Entrepreneurship Development in Pakistan","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W89946194","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","mag":"89946194"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2048316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005017768","display_name":"Khuram Shahzad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6452-0879","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6452-0879"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khuram Shahzad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Management and Technology (UMT), Pakistan - School of Business and Economics, Johar Town - Phase 1, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan","(UMT) University of Management and Technology (Pakistan) - School of Business and Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Management and Technology (UMT), Pakistan - School of Business and Economics, Johar Town - Phase 1, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(UMT) University of Management and Technology (Pakistan) - School of Business and Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015317868","display_name":"Sami Ullah Bajwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5153-7233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5153-7233","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-7254"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194348271","display_name":"Government College University, Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/051zgra59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sami Ullah Bajwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103244753","display_name":"Qamar Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-8630","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-8630"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194348271","display_name":"Government College University, Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/051zgra59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qamar Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000","Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058456592","display_name":"Shahid A. Zia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Zia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015317868"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13872","display_name":"Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-incubation","display_name":"business incubation","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-entrepreneurship","display_name":"women entrepreneurship","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-entrepreneurs","display_name":"women entrepreneurs","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-importance","display_name":"perceived importance","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-effectiveness","display_name":"perceived effectiveness","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-support-for-entrepreneurship","display_name":"state support for entrepreneurship","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistan","display_name":"Pakistan","score":0.7549999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.7609089016914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25642318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992532","display_name":"Incubation","level":2,"score":0.5654152035713196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3875979781150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.37256163358688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.34989580512046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.28532254695892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2141495645046234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.097617506980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2048316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2048316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5600000023841858}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62663532","https://openalex.org/W179176144","https://openalex.org/W285573738","https://openalex.org/W1546124391","https://openalex.org/W1558877930","https://openalex.org/W1580932937","https://openalex.org/W1604289945","https://openalex.org/W1970274136","https://openalex.org/W1983400699","https://openalex.org/W2047524364","https://openalex.org/W2049678919","https://openalex.org/W2066838598","https://openalex.org/W2076318124","https://openalex.org/W2076815586","https://openalex.org/W2085302138","https://openalex.org/W2087241779","https://openalex.org/W2099297253","https://openalex.org/W2140271850","https://openalex.org/W2156307265","https://openalex.org/W2271355786","https://openalex.org/W2790262101","https://openalex.org/W3044348100","https://openalex.org/W4232697493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321390861","https://openalex.org/W4213341628","https://openalex.org/W2925409986","https://openalex.org/W3138938944","https://openalex.org/W4316083639","https://openalex.org/W4402053153","https://openalex.org/W2922529677","https://openalex.org/W4293531490","https://openalex.org/W4311065435","https://openalex.org/W4385414929"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
