{"id":"https://openalex.org/W88599683","doi":null,"title":"The impact of the regulatory environment and corporate level diversification on firm performance.","display_name":"The impact of the regulatory environment and corporate level diversification on firm performance.","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W88599683","mag":"88599683"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:fac_publications-2075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","pdf_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196272","display_name":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","host_organization_name":"University of South Florida","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048552743","display_name":"Scott W. Geiger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott W. Geiger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079478762","display_name":"James J. Hoffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-4122","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-4122"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James J. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-4122","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5089,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94144144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"439","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.2930000126361847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.2930000126361847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12815","display_name":"Management and Organizational Practices","score":0.1370999962091446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13963","display_name":"Organizational Management and Leadership","score":0.10660000145435333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-regulation","display_name":"government regulation","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-diversification","display_name":"business diversification","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-sector","display_name":"electric utilities","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulated-industries","display_name":"regulated industries","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-management","display_name":"strategic management","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-choice","display_name":"strategic choice","score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utility-diversification","display_name":"utility diversification","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-options","display_name":"strategic options","score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-diversification","display_name":"international diversification","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-structure","display_name":"market structure","score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-level-strategy","display_name":"corporate-level strategy","score":0.3869999945163727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180916674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3711935","display_name":"Diversification (marketing strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5734050273895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5395158529281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86275758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376657","display_name":"Strategic management","level":2,"score":0.5138290524482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4810621738433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.43770310282707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.417632132768631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39279234409332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3205437660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:fac_publications-2075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","pdf_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196272","display_name":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","host_organization_name":"University of South Florida","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.usfsp.edu:fac_publications-2075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.usfsp.edu/fac_publications/1075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196272","display_name":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","host_organization_name":"University of South Florida","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarcommons.usf.edu:fac_publications-2075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/fac_publications/1075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196272","display_name":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","host_organization_name":"University of South Florida","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:88599683","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-53972718/the-impact-of-the-regulatory-environment-and-corporate","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764850994","display_name":"Journal of managerial issues","issn_l":"1045-3695","issn":["1045-3695"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316206","host_organization_name":"Pittsburg State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316206"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pittsburg State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of managerial issues","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:fac_publications-2075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","pdf_url":"https://login.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40604211.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196272","display_name":"Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","host_organization_name":"University of South Florida","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W258360154","https://openalex.org/W1650431508","https://openalex.org/W1964142439","https://openalex.org/W1966749086","https://openalex.org/W1984516631","https://openalex.org/W1986230968","https://openalex.org/W1991759483","https://openalex.org/W1991765332","https://openalex.org/W1995256405","https://openalex.org/W2002697999","https://openalex.org/W2003800714","https://openalex.org/W2016294741","https://openalex.org/W2016794189","https://openalex.org/W2017509760","https://openalex.org/W2028295417","https://openalex.org/W2033512847","https://openalex.org/W2036429335","https://openalex.org/W2041588623","https://openalex.org/W2053897201","https://openalex.org/W2054339760","https://openalex.org/W2062649295","https://openalex.org/W2064396124","https://openalex.org/W2066265993","https://openalex.org/W2067675606","https://openalex.org/W2070369707","https://openalex.org/W2075315047","https://openalex.org/W2082810951","https://openalex.org/W2085040343","https://openalex.org/W2098438282","https://openalex.org/W2101550252","https://openalex.org/W2119893416","https://openalex.org/W2128137000","https://openalex.org/W2137988848","https://openalex.org/W2138541670","https://openalex.org/W2142207668","https://openalex.org/W2143751943","https://openalex.org/W2154397563","https://openalex.org/W2159401492","https://openalex.org/W2162900784","https://openalex.org/W2477357344","https://openalex.org/W2890038279","https://openalex.org/W3125349408"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3185279775","https://openalex.org/W4415999546","https://openalex.org/W2006078485","https://openalex.org/W2066265993","https://openalex.org/W74599893","https://openalex.org/W2035786055","https://openalex.org/W7125793506","https://openalex.org/W1976627113","https://openalex.org/W3130701533","https://openalex.org/W1991765332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,115,221,336],"strategic":[1,53,100,245,470],"choice":[2],"perspective":[3],"views":[4],"adaptation":[5],"as":[6,132],"a":[7,14,37,91,218,227,377,385,424],"process":[8],"determined":[9],"by":[10,165,345,411,522],"management":[11,101],"occurring":[12],"within":[13,305],"controllable":[15],"environment":[16,48,288,322,398],"(Child,":[17],"1972).":[18],"In":[19],"response":[20],"to":[21,214,223,415,428,503,517,536],"this":[22,159,340,436,474],"view":[23],"many":[24],"studies":[25,43,65,87,118,189,458,521],"have":[26,66,88,123,153,194,453],"been":[27,195,455],"conducted":[28,119,196],"investigating":[29,96],"the":[30,46,50,97,133,143,177,205,244,271,281,284,287,306,310,320,333,343,347,350,357,370,393,396,412,417,430,441,447,479,505,543],"importance":[31],"of":[32,41,52,73,93,99,117,135,145,161,167,179,190,207,247,270,312,354,362,369,379,435,449,459,469,473,483,545],"management's":[33],"role":[34,98,144,229],"in":[35,102,147,217,230,249,329,342,465],"shaping":[36],"firm's":[38,386],"direction.":[39],"Several":[40],"these":[42,86,156],"suggest":[44],"that":[45,68,237,260,551],"external":[47],"constrains":[49],"range":[51],"options":[54],"(Hambrick":[55],"and":[56,60,77,142,186,202,210,233,279,286,325,360,399,402,423,432,461,485,510,524,529,547],"Lei,":[57],"1985;":[58],"Venkatraman":[59],"Prescott,":[61],"1990).":[62],"Alternatively,":[63],"other":[64,467],"shown":[67],"managers":[69,328],"are":[70,421],"important":[71,324],"variables":[72],"firm":[74,183,285],"performance":[75,192,211,361,406,463,486],"(Day":[76],"Lord,":[78],"1988;":[79],"Thomas,":[80],"et":[81,108,198,253,493],"al.,":[82,109,199,254,494],"1991).":[83],"However,":[84,158,542],"while":[85,508],"focused":[89,124,477],"on":[90,120,125,137,182,262,392,405,478,557],"variety":[92],"settings,":[94],"research":[95,162,239,257,389],"regulated":[103,219,250,266,272,275,307,314,321,358,363],"industries":[104,251],"is":[105,163,174,258,323,373,407,426],"sparse":[106],"(Ramaswamy":[107,197,252],"1994;":[110,200],"Russo,":[111],"1992;":[112],"Shaffer,":[113],"1995).":[114,495],"majority":[116],"government":[121,128,146,180],"regulation":[122,136,181,225,383],"economics":[126],"or":[127],"policy.":[129],"Issues":[130],"such":[131],"impact":[134],"market":[138,558],"structure":[139],"(Vietor,":[140],"1991)":[141],"obtaining":[148],"social":[149],"objectives":[150],"(Bryer,":[151],"1982)":[152],"fallen":[154],"under":[155],"headings.":[157],"stream":[160],"dominated":[164],"analysis":[166],"industry":[168],"level":[169,184,353],"phenomenon.":[170],"Thus,":[171,309],"very":[172],"little":[173],"known":[175],"about":[176],"influences":[178,384],"behavior":[185],"performance.":[187,519,541],"While":[188],"strategy":[191,209],"relationships":[193],"Snow":[201],"Hrebeniak,":[203],"1980),":[204],"relationship":[206,282,348,394,480],"corporate-level":[208],"has":[212,476],"yet":[213],"be":[215,240,504,537],"examined":[216],"environment.":[220,273,308],"extent":[222],"which":[224],"plays":[226],"major":[228],"both":[231],"domestic":[232],"international":[234],"business":[235],"requires":[236],"more":[238,456],"aimed":[241],"at":[242,332],"understanding":[243],"implications":[246,434],"operating":[248],"1994).":[255],"Furthermore,":[256],"needed":[259],"focuses":[261],"what":[263],"happens":[264],"when":[265,317],"firms":[267,276,315],"diversify":[268,277],"outside":[269,319,356],"As":[274],"domestically":[278],"internationally":[280],"between":[283,349,395,481],"may":[289,326],"change":[290],"drastically.":[291],"For":[292,496],"example,":[293,497],"utilities":[294],"diversifying":[295,318],"into":[296],"unregulated":[297],"markets":[298],"will":[299],"face":[300],"competitive":[301],"forces":[302],"unlike":[303],"those":[304],"study":[311,338],"how":[313,382],"perform":[316,554],"assist":[327],"choosing":[330],"strategies":[331],"corporate":[334,400,462],"level.":[335],"present":[337],"addresses":[339],"gap":[341],"literature":[344,372,380],"examining":[346],"regulatory":[351,397],"environment,":[352,359],"diversification":[355,371,460,484,502,515,535],"electric":[364],"utility":[365],"companies.":[366],"A":[367,388],"review":[368,378],"provided":[374,427],"along":[375],"with":[376,446,487,539],"regarding":[381],"behavior.":[387],"hypothesis":[390],"based":[391,556,559],"strategy,":[401],"its":[403],"effects":[404],"then":[408],"presented":[409],"followed":[410],"methodology":[413],"used":[414],"test":[416],"hypothesis.":[418],"Finally,":[419],"results":[420,488],"explained":[422],"discussion":[425],"address":[429],"theoretical":[431],"managerial":[433],"study.":[437],"LITERATURE":[438],"REVIEW":[439],"Over":[440],"past":[442],"twenty":[443],"years,":[444],"beginning":[445],"work":[448,475,544],"Rumelt":[450,498],"(1974),":[451],"there":[452],"probably":[454],"empirical":[457],"than":[464],"any":[466],"area":[468],"management.":[471],"Much":[472],"relatedness":[482],"being":[489],"somewhat":[490],"inconsistent":[491],"(Dess":[492],"(1974)":[499],"found":[500,513,533],"related":[501,534],"most":[506],"profitable,":[507],"Michel":[509],"Shaked":[511],"(1984)":[512],"unrelated":[514,552],"leads":[516],"better":[518,540,555],"Other":[520],"Varadarajan":[523,548],"Ramanujam":[525],"(1987),":[526,528],"Hoskisson":[527],"Simmonds":[530],"(1990)":[531],"also":[532],"associated":[538],"Dubofsky":[546],"(1987)":[549],"suggests":[550],"diversifiers":[553],"measures.":[560],"\u2026":[561]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}