{"id":"https://openalex.org/W88307080","doi":null,"title":"Metallothionein shows an age-related decrease in human macular retinal pigment epithelium.","display_name":"Metallothionein shows an age-related decrease in human macular retinal pigment epithelium.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W88307080","mag":"88307080","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8505216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8505216","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8505216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D J Tate","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277098","display_name":"Touro Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/01evc1434","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277098"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D J Tate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sensory and Electrophysiology Research Unit, Touro Infirmary, New Orleans, LA 70115"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensory and Electrophysiology Research Unit, Touro Infirmary, New Orleans, LA 70115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108457471","display_name":"D A Newsome","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D A Newsome","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112289984","display_name":"Peter Oliver","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P D Oliver","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80458783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"7","first_page":"2348","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10915","display_name":"Trace Elements in Health","score":0.8349999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10915","display_name":"Trace Elements in Health","score":0.8349999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.13279999792575836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10691","display_name":"Retinal Development and Disorders","score":0.022299999371170998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallothionein","display_name":"metallothionein","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc","display_name":"zinc","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-pigment-epithelium","display_name":"retinal pigment epithelium","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macula","display_name":"macula","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-macular-degeneration","display_name":"age-related macular degeneration","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-availability","display_name":"zinc availability","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"gene expression","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-degradation","display_name":"protein degradation","score":0.9010000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346242","display_name":"Retinal pigment epithelium","level":3,"score":0.9283729791641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20719415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416896","display_name":"Metallothionein","level":3,"score":0.9049829244613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.7266536951065063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529295009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41301","display_name":"Epithelium","level":2,"score":0.6259394884109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5361433029174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.4983830451965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64584667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161179","display_name":"Pigment","level":2,"score":0.44840574264526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3464709222316742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.22310009598731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16077739000320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.12770798802375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.039597541093826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008266","descriptor_name":"Macula Lutea","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008668","descriptor_name":"Metallothionein","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010857","descriptor_name":"Pigment Epithelium of Eye","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015032","descriptor_name":"Zinc","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8505216","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8505216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:88307080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8505216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149747430","https://openalex.org/W1496069811","https://openalex.org/W1601955424","https://openalex.org/W1970863559","https://openalex.org/W2007111898","https://openalex.org/W2009997960","https://openalex.org/W2040208650","https://openalex.org/W2076083610","https://openalex.org/W2090663997","https://openalex.org/W2152587651","https://openalex.org/W2283743949","https://openalex.org/W2410663883"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206329760","https://openalex.org/W2078471699","https://openalex.org/W2499939757","https://openalex.org/W4366208093","https://openalex.org/W2005925362","https://openalex.org/W2076083610","https://openalex.org/W132229772","https://openalex.org/W4232530576","https://openalex.org/W2002186423","https://openalex.org/W1990905354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"investigate":[2],"the":[3,122,126],"possible":[4],"role":[5],"of":[6,136,145,162,166],"zinc-metallothionein":[7],"in":[8,27,38,86,97,125,147],"human":[9],"retinal":[10,32,59,70,74,99,116,148],"pigment":[11,33,60,71,75,100,117,149],"epithelium":[12,34,61,76,101,150],"with":[13],"regard":[14],"to":[15,24,42,93,170],"age-related":[16],"changes.":[17],"METHODS:":[18],"A":[19],"cadmium/heme":[20],"assay":[21],"was":[22,55,129],"used":[23],"quantitate":[25],"metallothionein":[26,65,128,146,155],"isolated":[28],"macular":[29,69,98],"and":[30,66],"peripheral":[31,58],"from":[35,40,102],"donors":[36,87,103],"ranging":[37],"age":[39,49],"28":[41],"91":[43],"yr":[44],"(n":[45],"=":[46,50,112],"16,":[47],"mean":[48],"68.6":[51],"yr).":[52],"RESULTS:":[53],"It":[54,139],"found":[56],"that":[57,142],"contained":[62,78],"significantly":[63],"more":[64],"zinc":[67,123],"than":[68,89,105],"epithelium.":[72],"Macular":[73],"cells":[77],"17.6":[79],"+/-":[80,95],"2.2":[81],"micrograms":[82],"metallothionein/mg":[83],"cytosolic":[84],"protein":[85,163],"younger":[88],"70":[90,106],"yr,":[91,107],"compared":[92],"5.6":[94],"0.9":[96],"older":[104],"a":[108,159],"68%":[109],"decline":[110],"(P":[111],"0.0007).":[113],"In":[114],"cultured":[115],"epithelium,":[118],"when":[119],"we":[120],"lowered":[121],"concentration":[124],"medium,":[127],"reduced":[130,154],"by":[131,153,176],"72%":[132],"after":[133],"1":[134],"wk":[135],"incubation.":[137],"CONCLUSIONS:":[138],"is":[140],"suggested":[141],"lower":[143],"levels":[144],"are":[151,168],"caused":[152],"gene":[156],"activity":[157],"or":[158],"faster":[160],"rate":[161],"degradation,":[164],"both":[165],"which":[167],"known":[169],"be":[171],"regulated,":[172],"at":[173],"least":[174],"partly,":[175],"bioavailable":[177],"zinc.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
