{"id":"https://openalex.org/W87687429","doi":null,"title":"Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for testing validity and reliability instrument in the study of education","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for testing validity and reliability instrument in the study of education","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W87687429","mag":"87687429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:87687429","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/44814/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764745110","display_name":"AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES","issn_l":"1991-8178","issn":["1991-8178","2309-8414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4376894233","host_organization_name":"International Network for Scientific Information Publication","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4376894233"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Network for Scientific Information Publication"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010133395","display_name":"Hamdan Said","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-9242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-9242"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamdan Said","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Foundation and Social Science"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-9242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Foundation and Social Science","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058522157","display_name":"Badrullah Bakri Badru","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Badrullah Bakri Badru","raw_affiliation_strings":["UniversitI Teknologi Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniversitI Teknologi Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Shahid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Shahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["UniversitI Teknologi Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniversitI Teknologi Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9097,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92910233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"12","first_page":"1098","last_page":"1103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13117","display_name":"Health Education and Validation","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12884","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Pedagogy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confirmatory-factor-analysis","display_name":"confirmatory factor analysis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"structural equation modeling","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assessment-validity","display_name":"assessment validity","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrument-reliability","display_name":"instrument reliability","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergent-validity","display_name":"convergent validity","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-validity","display_name":"discriminant validity","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct-reliability","display_name":"construct reliability","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-coefficients","display_name":"regression coefficients","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40722632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160137","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.8722293972969055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106906290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140909","display_name":"Cronbach's alpha","level":3,"score":0.7958786487579346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.7449222803115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.6409982442855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6307908296585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.5417954921722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120107772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168554","display_name":"Discriminant validity","level":4,"score":0.538442850112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121244757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783487","display_name":"Convergent validity","level":4,"score":0.5124099850654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4787304103374481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.4589598476886749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44131675362586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55078378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136628","display_name":"Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.4363926351070404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3359082043170929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.2674367427825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:87687429","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/44814/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764745110","display_name":"AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES","issn_l":"1991-8178","issn":["1991-8178","2309-8414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4376894233","host_organization_name":"International Network for Scientific Information Publication","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4376894233"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Network for Scientific Information Publication"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W752465958","https://openalex.org/W1513708602","https://openalex.org/W1539265701","https://openalex.org/W1965085721","https://openalex.org/W2004950695","https://openalex.org/W2087369875","https://openalex.org/W2092161499","https://openalex.org/W2097283477","https://openalex.org/W2117047846","https://openalex.org/W2135227288","https://openalex.org/W2135481218","https://openalex.org/W2153000380","https://openalex.org/W2181395345","https://openalex.org/W2324582580","https://openalex.org/W2900927010","https://openalex.org/W3015634246","https://openalex.org/W3159093833"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7153873680","https://openalex.org/W2114935373","https://openalex.org/W2012785218","https://openalex.org/W2767488422","https://openalex.org/W1896083695","https://openalex.org/W4386615625","https://openalex.org/W1524432000","https://openalex.org/W6987914522","https://openalex.org/W1985412866","https://openalex.org/W7220452905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,36],"exploit":[1],"of":[2,18,38,47,63,68,74,83,105],"factor":[3,23],"analysis":[4,24],"is":[5,41],"to":[6,42,57,99],"ordeal":[7],"the":[8,11,45,59,66,72,81,101,106],"hypotheses":[9],"about":[10],"dormant":[12],"traits":[13],"that":[14],"underlie":[15],"a":[16],"set":[17],"measured":[19],"variables.":[20],"traditional":[22],"approaches":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"Pearson":[28,75],"correlation":[29,76],"and":[30,61,77,85,103,122,132],"Cronbach's":[31,78],"Alpha":[32,79],"have":[33,96,125],"some":[34],"limitations.":[35],"aim":[37],"this":[39],"paper":[40],"draw":[43],"on":[44],"application":[46],"Confirmatory":[48,87],"Factor":[49,88],"Analysis":[50,89],"(CFA)":[51,90],"in":[52,65,80],"Structural":[53,92],"Equation":[54,93],"Modeling":[55,94],"(SEM),":[56,95],"test":[58,100],"validity":[60,84,102,131],"reliability":[62,104],"instruments":[64],"field":[67],"education.":[69],"To":[70],"trounce":[71],"drawbacks":[73],"measurement":[82],"reliability,":[86],"using":[91],"been":[97],"used":[98],"instruments.":[107],"Various":[108],"tests":[109],"i.e.":[110],"Regression":[111,114],"Weights,":[112,115],"Standardized":[113],"Convergent":[116],"Validity,":[117],"Variance":[118],"Extracted,":[119],"Construct":[120],"Reliability,":[121],"Discriminant":[123],"Validity":[124],"depicted":[126],"improved":[127],"result":[128],"with":[129],"better":[130],"reliability.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
