{"id":"https://openalex.org/W87404451","doi":null,"title":"The Economic History of School Finance in the United States.","display_name":"The Economic History of School Finance in the United States.","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W87404451","mag":"87404451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:87404451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ359359","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175945315","display_name":"Journal of education finance","issn_l":"0098-9495","issn":["0098-9495","1944-6470"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of education finance","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109957038","display_name":"Charles S. Benson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles S. Benson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kevin P. O\u2019Halloran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-4825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-4825"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin P. O\u2019Halloran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-4825","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01841466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"495","last_page":"515"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13387","display_name":"Politics, Economics, and Education Policy","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13387","display_name":"Politics, Economics, and Education Policy","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11461","display_name":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-funding","display_name":"school finance","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-finance","display_name":"education funding","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property-tax","display_name":"property tax","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-schools","display_name":"private schools","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-choice","display_name":"school choice","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-school-districts","display_name":"local school districts","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-goods","display_name":"public goods","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-goods","display_name":"private goods","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-class-families","display_name":"middle-class families","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94982200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380545","display_name":"Entitlement (fair division)","level":2,"score":0.7087912559509277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776269092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611074","display_name":"Residence","level":2,"score":0.6279614567756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5874430537223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241588","display_name":"Middle class","level":2,"score":0.5640100836753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778136243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248822","display_name":"School choice","level":2,"score":0.5587244033813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992445699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3238833","display_name":"Private education","level":3,"score":0.4947178065776825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.48932546377182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777538416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555911","display_name":"Private property","level":2,"score":0.44902950525283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187452473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897903","display_name":"Goods and services","level":2,"score":0.43335774540901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178283979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274490","display_name":"Public finance","level":2,"score":0.42968830466270447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4122197926044464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.40487873554229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.36404114961624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.33069807291030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.31825315952301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3167600631713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.27542388439178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.1114780604839325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.10646599531173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:87404451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ359359","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175945315","display_name":"Journal of education finance","issn_l":"0098-9495","issn":["0098-9495","1944-6470"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of education finance","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7567999958992004,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481856004","https://openalex.org/W7084503251","https://openalex.org/W4403486803","https://openalex.org/W2275548968","https://openalex.org/W6944942809","https://openalex.org/W4249067878","https://openalex.org/W7144743434","https://openalex.org/W2157623709","https://openalex.org/W76186276","https://openalex.org/W2403857975"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"long":[0],"view":[1],"of":[2,8,14,55,62,79,94,117,122,140,168,186],"educational":[3,15,63,100,130],"finance":[4],"must":[5],"take":[6],"account":[7],"a":[9,25,53,165,187],"duality":[10],"in":[11,59,119,164,204],"the":[12,40,60,95,183,205,222,224],"nature":[13],"services:":[16],"they":[17,150],"are":[18,87,103,194,231],"both":[19],"private":[20,26,56,66,154,160],"and":[21,47,109,213],"public":[22,71],"goods.":[23],"As":[24],"good,":[27],"education":[28,207],"is":[29,52,215],"purchased":[30],"by":[31,195],"families":[32,44,147,230],"that":[33,102,144],"have":[34,136],"children":[35,202],"to":[36,81,84,135,211,220,227],"bring":[37],"up.":[38],"In":[39],"United":[41],"States,":[42],"middle-class":[43,128,201],"exercise":[45],"choice":[46],"choice,":[48],"be":[49],"it":[50,214],"noted,":[51],"characteristic":[54],"markets":[57],"generally":[58],"purchase":[61],"services":[64,86],"from":[65],"suppliers":[67,72],"(private":[68],"schools)":[69],"or":[70,91,142,157,162],"(local":[73],"school":[74,111,166,170,184],"districts).":[75],"The":[76],"main":[77],"modes":[78],"payment":[80],"establish":[82],"entitlement":[83],"particular":[85],"fees,":[88],"property":[89,177],"taxes,":[90,112],"some":[92],"combination":[93],"two.":[96],"Presumably,":[97],"households":[98],"weigh":[99],"outlays":[101],"under":[104],"their":[105,123],"direct":[106],"control,":[107],"fees":[108],"local":[110],"against":[113],"all":[114],"other":[115],"types":[116],"expenditure":[118],"maximizing":[120],"utility":[121],"household":[124],"budgets.":[125],"For":[126],"many":[127],"families,":[129],"expenditures":[131],"per":[132,180],"child":[133],"appear":[134],"an":[137],"income":[138],"elasticity":[139],"1.0":[141],"greater":[143],"is,":[145],"as":[146],"become":[148],"richer,":[149],"choose":[151],"more":[152,156,158],"expensive":[153,159],"schools,":[155],"lessons,":[161],"residence":[163],"district":[167],"higher":[169,176],"expenditures,":[171],"and,":[172],"one":[173],"may":[174],"assume,":[175],"tax":[178],"payments":[179],"household.":[181],"Throughout":[182],"career":[185],"given":[188],"middleclass":[189],"child,":[190],"these":[191],"latter":[192],"choices":[193],"no":[196],"means":[197],"mutually":[198],"exclusive.":[199],"Many":[200],"participate":[203],"best":[206,223],"this":[208],"country":[209],"has":[210,226],"offer,":[212],"probably":[216],"not":[217],"far":[218],"off":[219],"say":[221],"world":[225],"offer.":[228],"Middleclass":[229],"little":[232],"affected":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
