{"id":"https://openalex.org/W87274109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511614019","title":"The Organic Codes","display_name":"The Organic Codes","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W87274109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511614019","mag":"87274109"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511614019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511614019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058936211","display_name":"Marcello Barbieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-0876","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-0876"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201324441","display_name":"University of Ferrara","ror":"https://ror.org/041zkgm14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201324441"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcello Barbieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Ferrara, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Ferrara, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201324441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058936211"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201324441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2893,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":395,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92413793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.6484000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.6484000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation","score":0.17409999668598175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11445","display_name":"Origins and Evolution of Life","score":0.1324000060558319,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-code","display_name":"genetic code","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-evolution","display_name":"cultural evolution","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotype-phenotype-correlation","display_name":"genotype-phenotype correlation","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ribotypes","display_name":"ribotypes","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-memory","display_name":"organic memory","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-transduction","display_name":"signal transduction","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epigenesis","display_name":"epigenesis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonic-development","display_name":"embryonic development","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-evolution","display_name":"language evolution","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-life","display_name":"history of life","score":0.7429999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53553401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47307","display_name":"Genealogy","level":1,"score":0.5778066515922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10853874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180618","display_name":"Genetic code","level":3,"score":0.5568740367889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5387914776802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.44794559478759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4098166823387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.3421301245689392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.29439008235931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24641147255897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.1509077548980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08726620674133301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511614019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511614019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009899347","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam031/2002073767.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028563100","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=125135","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"software, multimedia"},{"id":"mag:1481397867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam033/2002073767.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013138671","https://openalex.org/W2330152832"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481397867","https://openalex.org/W2010655458","https://openalex.org/W1572532178","https://openalex.org/W2761628874","https://openalex.org/W2329130518","https://openalex.org/W1545523075","https://openalex.org/W4377015116","https://openalex.org/W2049998023","https://openalex.org/W2938632665","https://openalex.org/W4391899788"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,10,102,115],"genetic":[1],"code":[2,69],"appeared":[3],"on":[4,118,134],"Earth":[5],"with":[6],"the":[7,23,56,62,78,88,106,112,135,145],"first":[8,113],"cells.":[9,114],"codes":[11,25,45,123],"of":[12,58,65,93,97,147],"cultural":[13],"evolution":[14,146],"arrived":[15],"almost":[16],"four":[17],"billion":[18],"years":[19],"later.":[20],"These":[21],"are":[22,27,41],"only":[24,52],"that":[26,39,66],"recognized":[28],"by":[29],"modern":[30],"biology.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33],"book,":[34],"however,":[35],"Marcello":[36],"Barbieri":[37],"explains":[38],"there":[40],"many":[42],"more":[43],"organic":[44,122,125],"in":[46,138],"nature,":[47],"and":[48,77,100,124,144],"their":[49],"appearance":[50],"not":[51],"took":[53],"place":[54],"throughout":[55],"history":[57],"life":[59],"but":[60],"marked":[61],"major":[63],"steps":[64],"history.":[67],"A":[68],"establishes":[70],"a":[71,81,95],"correspondence":[72],"between":[73,84],"two":[74],"independent":[75],"'worlds',":[76],"codemaker":[79],"is":[80],"third":[82],"party":[83],"those":[85],"'worlds'.":[86],"Therefore":[87],"cell":[89,139],"can":[90,127],"be":[91,128],"thought":[92],"as":[94],"trinity":[96],"genotype,":[98],"phenotype":[99],"ribotype.":[101],"ancestral":[103],"ribotypes":[104],"were":[105],"agents":[107],"which":[108],"gave":[109],"rise":[110],"to":[111,119,130],"book":[116],"goes":[117],"explain":[120],"how":[121],"memories":[126],"used":[129],"shed":[131],"new":[132],"light":[133],"problems":[136],"encountered":[137],"signalling,":[140],"epigenesis,":[141],"embryonic":[142],"development,":[143],"language.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
