{"id":"https://openalex.org/W87239465","doi":null,"title":"The rationale for probiotics in female urogenital healthcare.","display_name":"The rationale for probiotics in female urogenital healthcare.","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W87239465","mag":"87239465","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15208560","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1140735"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:15208560","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15208560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043064717","display_name":"Gregor Reid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9658-5696","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9658-5696"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Reid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081126623","display_name":"Jeremy P. Burton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-6436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-6436"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Burton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056198586","display_name":"Estelle Devillard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0644-7802","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0644-7802"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Estelle Devillard","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35064935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"49","last_page":"49"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":0.5015000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":0.5015000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.49000000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11232","display_name":"Urinary Tract Infections Management","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotics","display_name":"probiotics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaginal-microbiota","display_name":"vaginal microbiota","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-vaginosis","display_name":"bacterial vaginosis","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-urinary-tract-infection","display_name":"recurrent urinary tract infection","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexually-transmitted-infections","display_name":"sexually transmitted infections","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preterm-labor","display_name":"preterm labor","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotic-mechanisms-of-action","display_name":"probiotic mechanisms of action","score":0.7110000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779952448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804521","display_name":"Bacterial vaginosis","level":2,"score":0.6803673505783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6734163165092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780255968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816730","display_name":"Probiotic","level":3,"score":0.6549863219261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133507102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4712977","display_name":"Genitourinary system","level":2,"score":0.563912034034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.5481038093566895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4935644865036011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4256800711154938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3598049283027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.3385530114173889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3064451813697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1638176143169403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009181","descriptor_name":"Mycoses","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009181","descriptor_name":"Mycoses","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010818","descriptor_name":"Practice Patterns, Physicians'","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016387","descriptor_name":"Women's Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017410","descriptor_name":"Practice Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019936","descriptor_name":"Probiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D052776","descriptor_name":"Female Urogenital Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D052776","descriptor_name":"Female Urogenital Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:15208560","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15208560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2994203757","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1140735/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765052995","display_name":"Medscape general medicine","issn_l":"1531-0132","issn":["1531-0132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Medscape general medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:87239465","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15208560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23200840","https://openalex.org/W32570251","https://openalex.org/W48766126","https://openalex.org/W49439933","https://openalex.org/W70155435","https://openalex.org/W167817565","https://openalex.org/W1277933029","https://openalex.org/W1515836067","https://openalex.org/W1596318912","https://openalex.org/W1964299626","https://openalex.org/W1965252113","https://openalex.org/W1967031102","https://openalex.org/W1976351155","https://openalex.org/W1976879190","https://openalex.org/W1978307351","https://openalex.org/W1980765699","https://openalex.org/W1983790785","https://openalex.org/W1986940747","https://openalex.org/W1987811803","https://openalex.org/W1988227543","https://openalex.org/W1988308243","https://openalex.org/W1988414474","https://openalex.org/W1989322905","https://openalex.org/W2014689449","https://openalex.org/W2018307363","https://openalex.org/W2021983092","https://openalex.org/W2026013906","https://openalex.org/W2028605145","https://openalex.org/W2034374754","https://openalex.org/W2039200772","https://openalex.org/W2040706286","https://openalex.org/W2041616038","https://openalex.org/W2043533523","https://openalex.org/W2046775180","https://openalex.org/W2050939953","https://openalex.org/W2059718385","https://openalex.org/W2062987452","https://openalex.org/W2063720477","https://openalex.org/W2074194817","https://openalex.org/W2077844006","https://openalex.org/W2084752420","https://openalex.org/W2085601105","https://openalex.org/W2086680517","https://openalex.org/W2090751630","https://openalex.org/W2093936810","https://openalex.org/W2095874292","https://openalex.org/W2096605259","https://openalex.org/W2097453265","https://openalex.org/W2104640860","https://openalex.org/W2105369454","https://openalex.org/W2107037104","https://openalex.org/W2111625199","https://openalex.org/W2113857827","https://openalex.org/W2114424280","https://openalex.org/W2117301113","https://openalex.org/W2117901410","https://openalex.org/W2119389901","https://openalex.org/W2121769647","https://openalex.org/W2124373935","https://openalex.org/W2127505648","https://openalex.org/W2128168864","https://openalex.org/W2128437999","https://openalex.org/W2130187365","https://openalex.org/W2131217668","https://openalex.org/W2131274893","https://openalex.org/W2131286839","https://openalex.org/W2135155962","https://openalex.org/W2138563555","https://openalex.org/W2143055098","https://openalex.org/W2143155464","https://openalex.org/W2146302964","https://openalex.org/W2148535341","https://openalex.org/W2149188810","https://openalex.org/W2154291821","https://openalex.org/W2154737282","https://openalex.org/W2158130653","https://openalex.org/W2159294745","https://openalex.org/W2159902071","https://openalex.org/W2164785842","https://openalex.org/W2322463613","https://openalex.org/W2331995023","https://openalex.org/W2405701971","https://openalex.org/W2409348414","https://openalex.org/W2414043396","https://openalex.org/W3012699620","https://openalex.org/W4290127738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994203757","https://openalex.org/W3162353464","https://openalex.org/W2151114022","https://openalex.org/W2145525906","https://openalex.org/W7055139549","https://openalex.org/W2046775180","https://openalex.org/W48787115","https://openalex.org/W3200406789","https://openalex.org/W1585452044","https://openalex.org/W2079236702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urogenital":[0],"infections":[1,39],"are":[2,13,69,199,219,243],"a":[3,43,80,96,130,146],"major":[4],"reason":[5],"that":[6,67,76,167],"women":[7],"visit":[8],"their":[9],"family":[10],"physician":[11],"and":[12,19,29,37,42,55,75,112,118,124,141,144,158,181,210,231],"referred":[14],"to":[15,52,108,113,201,228],"gastroenterology,":[16],"gynecology,":[17],"urology,":[18],"infectious":[20],"disease":[21],"specialists.":[22],"The":[23,59,221],"association":[24],"between":[25],"abnormal":[26],"vaginal":[27,38,140],"microbiota":[28],"increased":[30],"risk":[31],"for":[32,132,149,175,213],"sexually":[33,159],"transmitted":[34,160],"infections,":[35],"bladder":[36,142],"per":[40],"se,":[41],"higher":[44],"rate":[45],"of":[46,61,135,192,208,223],"preterm":[47],"labor":[48],"indicate":[49],"the":[50,65,100,133,169,239],"need":[51],"better":[53],"understand":[54],"manage":[56],"urogenital":[57],"health.":[58],"concept":[60,222],"probiotics":[62,136,214],"arose":[63],"from":[64,73],"realization":[66],"humans":[68],"inhabited":[70],"with":[71],"microbes":[72],"birth":[74],"these":[77,203],"organisms":[78],"play":[79],"role":[81],"in":[82,92,116,137,177,238],"preventing":[83,117],"disease.":[84],"Defined":[85],"as":[86,145,197,217],"\"live":[87],"microorganisms,":[88],"which":[89],"when":[90],"administered":[91],"adequate":[93],"amounts":[94],"confer":[95],"health":[97,143],"benefit":[98],"on":[99],"host,\"":[101],"probiotic":[102,165,204,224],"strains":[103,166],"have":[104],"already":[105],"been":[106],"shown":[107],"effectively":[109],"prevent":[110],"diarrhea":[111],"hold":[114],"potential":[115],"treating":[119],"tonsillitis,":[120],"caries,":[121],"renal":[122],"calculi,":[123],"respiratory":[125],"infections.":[126,161],"This":[127],"review":[128],"provides":[129],"rationale":[131],"use":[134],"maintaining":[138],"female":[139],"treatment":[147],"option":[148],"recurrent":[150],"bacterial":[151],"vaginosis,":[152],"urinary":[153],"tract":[154],"infection,":[155],"yeast":[156],"vaginitis,":[157],"We":[162],"consider":[163],"only":[164],"fulfill":[168],"United":[170],"Nations/World":[171],"Health":[172],"Organization":[173],"Guidelines":[174],"Probiotics":[176],"being":[178],"fully":[179],"characterized":[180],"clinically":[182],"documented":[183],"through":[184],"scientific":[185],"investigations":[186],"describing":[187],"known":[188],"or":[189],"presumed":[190],"mechanisms":[191],"action.":[193],"Although":[194],"medical":[195,240],"practitioners":[196],"yet":[198],"unable":[200],"access":[202],"strains,":[205],"an":[206],"awareness":[207],"recent":[209],"ongoing":[211],"research":[212],"is":[215,226],"important,":[216],"results":[218],"encouraging.":[220],"therapy":[225],"familiar":[227],"many":[229],"consumers":[230],"although":[232],"it":[233],"has":[234],"historically":[235],"lacked":[236],"credibility":[237],"community,":[241],"perceptions":[242],"changing.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}