{"id":"https://openalex.org/W86360198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5681/jcs.2013.032","title":"Determinants of Nurses\u2019 Caring Behaviors (DNCB): Preliminary Validation of a Scale","display_name":"Determinants of Nurses\u2019 Caring Behaviors (DNCB): Preliminary Validation of a Scale","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W86360198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5681/jcs.2013.032","mag":"86360198","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25276735","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4134150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:25276735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25276735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of caring sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4134150/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016745197","display_name":"Saleh Salimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7969-0619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7969-0619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163840","display_name":"Islamic Azad University of Urmia","ror":"https://ror.org/05km8ys10","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210163840"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salimi, Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163840"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074112198","display_name":"Afsaneh Azimpour","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767979","display_name":"Urmia University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbsdf87","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767979"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azimpour, Afsaneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education Development Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Development Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767979"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4789,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87588223,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"269","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13117","display_name":"Health Education and Validation","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13117","display_name":"Health Education and Validation","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12244","display_name":"Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues","score":0.29829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2911","display_name":"Leadership and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10186","display_name":"Nursing education and management","score":0.04529999941587448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-development","display_name":"scale development","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/questionnaire-validation","display_name":"questionnaire validation","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-properties","display_name":"psychometric properties","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-structure","display_name":"factor structure","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-consistency","display_name":"internal consistency","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct-validity","display_name":"construct validity","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-care-quality","display_name":"nursing care quality","score":0.3230000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.8062775135040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6784505248069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6560432314872742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.6254249215126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33191230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3737383","display_name":"Face validity","level":3,"score":0.5881581902503967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5755723714828491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5391523838043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58916136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1663508","display_name":"Content validity","level":3,"score":0.5085138082504272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4814676344394684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.42082110047340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.41501277685165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35380247235298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.338336706161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.32345128059387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.3165823817253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3158183991909027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2117060422897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:25276735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25276735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of caring sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4134150","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4134150/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Caring Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e0a92c8a389e4defbea950aefb1a323b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e0a92c8a389e4defbea950aefb1a323b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Caring Sciences, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 269-278 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.5681/jcs.2013.032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5681/jcs.2013.032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5681/jcs.2013.032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407060673","display_name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4134150","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4134150/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Caring Sci","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6677378","https://openalex.org/W1666175005","https://openalex.org/W1876550884","https://openalex.org/W1986150198","https://openalex.org/W1987352836","https://openalex.org/W1994183663","https://openalex.org/W2039294947","https://openalex.org/W2064537230","https://openalex.org/W2067404301","https://openalex.org/W2109837394","https://openalex.org/W2141243893","https://openalex.org/W2147617207","https://openalex.org/W2267391094","https://openalex.org/W2410469468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410827211","https://openalex.org/W3092951207","https://openalex.org/W3180825328","https://openalex.org/W3202749379","https://openalex.org/W2948502050","https://openalex.org/W3163304081","https://openalex.org/W2014231570","https://openalex.org/W4411905962","https://openalex.org/W3010670586","https://openalex.org/W7126023531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Nurses'":[1],"Caring":[2],"behaviors":[3,191],"might":[4],"be":[5],"affected":[6],"by":[7,155],"many":[8],"variables.":[9],"The":[10,41,52,76,90,111,125],"aim":[11],"of":[12,44,56,62,66,87,107,116,146,164,189],"this":[13],"study":[14],"was":[15,47],"to":[16,25,37,104],"develop":[17,38],"and":[18,22,32,73,139,142,179],"test":[19],"a":[20,151,172,176,193],"valid":[21],"reliable":[23],"questionnaire":[24],"specify":[26],"these":[27],"determinants.":[28],"METHODS:":[29],"Both":[30],"qualitative":[31],"quantitative":[33],"methods":[34],"were":[35,92],"applied":[36],"the":[39,45,63,67,88,117,147,165,187],"questionnaire.":[40],"development":[42,61],"process":[43],"instrument":[46,119,170],"conducted":[48],"in":[49,192],"three":[50],"phases.":[51],"first":[53],"phase":[54,78,113],"consisted":[55],"four":[57,100],"steps:":[58],"in-depth":[59],"interviews,":[60],"preliminary":[64],"version":[65],"38-item":[68],"DNCB,":[69],"expert":[70],"panel":[71],"review,":[72],"language":[74],"revision.":[75],"second":[77],"involved":[79,114],"examining":[80],"143":[81],"qualified":[82],"nurses":[83],"for":[84,162],"psychometric":[85],"properties":[86],"DNCB.":[89],"participants":[91],"selected,":[93],"based":[94],"on":[95],"quota":[96],"sampling":[97],"approach,":[98],"from":[99],"educational":[101],"hospitals":[102],"affiliated":[103],"Urmia":[105],"University":[106],"Medical":[108],"Sciences,":[109],"Iran.":[110],"final":[112],"testing":[115],"revised":[118],"using":[120],"exploratory":[121],"factor":[122,148],"analysis.":[123],"RESULTS:":[124],"results":[126],"showed":[127],"good":[128,177],"CVI":[129],"(0.89),":[130],"test-retest":[131],"correlation":[132],"coefficient":[133],"(0.91),":[134],"internal":[135],"consistency":[136],"reliability":[137,178],"(0.93),":[138],"acceptable":[140],"face":[141],"construct":[143],"validity.":[144],"RESULTS":[145],"analysis":[149],"revealed":[150],"6-factor":[152],"solution,":[153],"determined":[154],"Eigen":[156],"values":[157],"greater":[158],"than":[159],"1,":[160],"accounted":[161],"77.736":[163],"total":[166],"variance.":[167],"CONCLUSION:":[168],"This":[169],"is":[171],"simple":[173],"scale":[174],"with":[175],"validity":[180],"that":[181],"can":[182],"provide":[183],"comprehensive":[184],"information":[185],"about":[186],"determinants":[188],"caring":[190],"short":[194],"time.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}