{"id":"https://openalex.org/W863437209","doi":null,"title":"An economic analysis of the contribution of health care to health inequality","display_name":"An economic analysis of the contribution of health care to health inequality","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W863437209","mag":"863437209"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1430280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1430280/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Elizabeth Kendall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-1460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-1460"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Kendall","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-1460","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.7544000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.7544000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12781","display_name":"Global Health Care Issues","score":0.18410000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.01899999938905239,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-spending","display_name":"health care spending","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-inequalities-in-health","display_name":"socioeconomic inequalities in health","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-mortality","display_name":"cancer mortality","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-heart-disease-mortality","display_name":"coronary heart disease mortality","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-utilization","display_name":"health care utilization","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inpatient-days","display_name":"inpatient days","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-practice-consultations","display_name":"general practitioner visits","score":0.984000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.7531676888465881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.7200179100036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.6611912846565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.5076488256454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78491826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045352","display_name":"Social determinants of health","level":3,"score":0.45868754386901855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.45074230432510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3848121166229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3495655059814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.32586634159088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2739911675453186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2560233473777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.1161884069442749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10304617881774902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1430280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1430280/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:863437209","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1430280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542753785","https://openalex.org/W1840218356","https://openalex.org/W2034623463","https://openalex.org/W2039108922","https://openalex.org/W2148385689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007123980","https://openalex.org/W7166735218","https://openalex.org/W3005561432","https://openalex.org/W2623035725","https://openalex.org/W4400738505","https://openalex.org/W4406959815","https://openalex.org/W2597181305","https://openalex.org/W4410513367","https://openalex.org/W2105639824","https://openalex.org/W2130457799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reducing":[0],"socioeconomic-related":[1],"health":[2,33,37,44,51,55,63,70,83,86,88,102,105,114,117,166,223,227,244,255,264,268,285,293,304],"inequalities":[3,148,269],"has":[4,225,234],"been":[5,24],"a":[6,53,94,139,176,180],"pressing":[7],"concern":[8],"for":[9,124],"many":[10],"years,":[11],"and":[12,87,174,194,237],"the":[13,30,48,60,76,79,98,111,125,162,189,200,219,230,275,281,301],"focus":[14],"of":[15,50,62,82,97,101,113,129,164,191,202,279,284,303],"much":[16],"academic":[17],"research.":[18],"Until":[19],"now,":[20],"however,":[21],"there":[22],"have":[23],"few":[25],"e":[26,80,99,127,220,231,240,252,282],"orts":[27],"to":[28,36,68,109,116,138,160,183,188,217,243,300],"quantify":[29],"contribution":[31,112],"that":[32,42,123,199,222,248,292],"care":[34,45,52,64,84,103,115,228,286,294],"makes":[35],"inequality.":[38,89,118,245],"Our":[39],"contention":[40],"is":[41,250,295],"if":[43],"increases":[46],"health,":[47,236,288],"distribution":[49,61],"ects":[54,81,241],"inequality,":[56],"therefore":[57],"changes":[58],"in":[59,133,145],"can":[65,106],"be":[66,107],"used":[67,108],"reduced":[69],"inequalities.":[71,305],"We":[72,157,246],"begin":[73],"by":[74,270],"reviewing":[75],"literature":[77],"on":[78,85,104,131,159,226,235,254,287],"Next,":[90],"we":[91,121,197,213],"show":[92,198,274],"how":[93,238],"cross-sectional":[95],"model":[96,207],"ect":[100,128,221,232,253,283],"examine":[110,218],"Through":[119],"this":[120],"nd":[122,247],"area-level":[126,172],"spending":[130,136,154,224],"mortality":[132,147,196],"England,":[134],"cancer":[135,146,193],"leads":[137],"signi":[140],"cant":[141],"reduction":[142,302],"(approximately":[143],"50%)":[144],"but":[149,289],"Coronary":[150],"Heart":[151],"Disease":[152],"(CHD)":[153],"does":[155],"not.":[156],"move":[158],"consider":[161],"limitations":[163],"modelling":[165],"inequality":[167],"over":[168],"time":[169],"when":[170],"using":[171,179],"data":[173,206,216],"suggest":[175,291],"methodological":[177],"innovation,":[178],"country-level":[181],"analysis":[182],"demonstrate":[184],"its":[185],"application.":[186],"Returning":[187],"setting":[190],"English":[192],"CHD":[195],"results":[201],"an":[203],"analogous":[204],"panel":[205],"support":[208],"our":[209],"earlier":[210],"ndings.":[211],"Finally,":[212],"use":[214],"individual-level":[215],"utilisation,":[229],"utilisation":[233],"these":[239],"contribute":[242],"here":[249],"no":[251],"from":[256],"General":[257],"Practitioner":[258],"visits.":[259],"Inpatient":[260],"days":[261],"do":[262,290],"increase":[263],"and,":[265],"overall,":[266],"reduce":[267],"40%.":[271],"These":[272],"ndings":[273],"inherent":[276],"di":[277],"culty":[278],"measuring":[280],"currently":[296],"making":[297],"substantial":[298],"contributions":[299]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}