{"id":"https://openalex.org/W85819686","doi":null,"title":"Physical load exposure at construction sites.","display_name":"Physical load exposure at construction sites.","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W85819686","mag":"85819686","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16363451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:16363451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16363451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113584243","display_name":"Bernd R. Hartmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernd Hartmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Construction Accident Insurances, Hostenwall 8-9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Bernd.Hartmann@bg21.bgnet.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Construction Accident Insurances, Hostenwall 8-9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Bernd.Hartmann@bg21.bgnet.de","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109203926","display_name":"Andreas G. Fleischer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas G Fleischer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7374,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75586278,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31 Suppl 2","issue":null,"first_page":"88","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.7407000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.7407000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.14720000326633453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":0.04879999905824661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/musculoskeletal-disorders","display_name":"musculoskeletal disorders","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-workload","display_name":"physical workload","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-workers","display_name":"construction workers","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manual-material-handling","display_name":"manual material handling","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l5-s1","display_name":"L5-S1","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-posture","display_name":"work posture","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kneeling","display_name":"kneeling","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/squat","display_name":"squatting","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead-work","display_name":"overhead work","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bricklaying","display_name":"bricklaying","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaffolding","display_name":"scaffolding","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carpentry","display_name":"carpentry","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plumbers","display_name":"plumbers","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/painters","display_name":"painters","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repetitive-work","display_name":"repetitive work","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recovery-time","display_name":"recovery time","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workplace-ergonomics","display_name":"workplace ergonomics","score":0.6880000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119971845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540134","display_name":"Squatting position","level":2,"score":0.8912301063537598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777522676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8866546","display_name":"Kneeling","level":3,"score":0.8624206781387329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4570882022380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.4150009751319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3388315439224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.33731672167778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3323720097541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.28700965642929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.1566702425479889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005160","descriptor_name":"Facility Design and Construction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005858","descriptor_name":"Germany","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008159","descriptor_name":"Lumbar Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009140","descriptor_name":"Musculoskeletal Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011187","descriptor_name":"Posture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012090","descriptor_name":"Cumulative Trauma Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016273","descriptor_name":"Occupational Exposure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016474","descriptor_name":"Weight-Bearing","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:16363451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16363451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:85819686","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16363451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116110269","https://openalex.org/W134758266","https://openalex.org/W1456747813","https://openalex.org/W1494648115","https://openalex.org/W1531399573","https://openalex.org/W1977638191","https://openalex.org/W2021702892","https://openalex.org/W2037329559","https://openalex.org/W2046797321","https://openalex.org/W2048507566","https://openalex.org/W2053000645","https://openalex.org/W2068289772","https://openalex.org/W2092687223","https://openalex.org/W2125784044","https://openalex.org/W2166311018","https://openalex.org/W2411750126","https://openalex.org/W2563485765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2919908283","https://openalex.org/W7080766272","https://openalex.org/W2007741908","https://openalex.org/W2476332415","https://openalex.org/W2389632916","https://openalex.org/W4236546275","https://openalex.org/W2331945798","https://openalex.org/W1830117185","https://openalex.org/W217323744","https://openalex.org/W2042927068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"This":[1,222],"field":[2],"study":[3,73,223],"analyzed":[4],"work-related":[5],"causes":[6],"of":[7,14,69,76,91,96,128,145,164,173,204],"musculoskeletal":[8],"disorders":[9],"to":[10,30,151,229,236],"investigate":[11],"the":[12,21,31,34,89,129,155,174,218],"structure":[13],"physical":[15],"workload":[16],"in":[17,20,162,187],"different":[18,26,231],"occupations":[19],"construction":[22,80,232],"industry":[23],"and":[24,45,86,114,121,140,157,182,199,255],"rank":[25,230],"tasks":[27,233],"with":[28,234],"respect":[29,150,235],"load":[32,70,219,237],"on":[33,110],"lumber":[35],"spine.":[36],"METHODS:":[37],"An":[38],"observation":[39],"instrument":[40],"(Arbeitswissenschaftliches":[41],"Erhebungsverfahren":[42],"f\u00fcr":[43,56],"Bauarbeiten)":[44],"a":[46,61,66,92],"specially":[47],"devised":[48],"data":[49,77],"retrieval":[50],"system":[51],"(Allgemeines":[52],"Datenerfassungs-":[53],"und":[54],"Analysesystem":[55],"Bauarbeit)":[57],"provided":[58],"material":[59],"for":[60,171,210],"large":[62],"database":[63],"which":[64],"allowed":[65],"differentiated":[67],"analysis":[68],"exposures.":[71],"The":[72,125,177,190,197,207],"was":[74,214,242],"comprised":[75],"from":[78],"340":[79],"workers":[81],"(bricklayers,":[82],"scaffolders,":[83],"carpenters,":[84],"plumbers,":[85],"painters).":[87],"On":[88],"basis":[90],"regular":[93,130],"daily":[94,131,175],"worktime":[95],"8":[97],"hours,":[98],"specific":[99],"statistical":[100],"aspects":[101],"were":[102],"studied":[103],"concerning":[104],"manual":[105],"materials":[106,205],"handling,":[107],"biomechanical":[108],"pressure":[109],"lumbar":[111,152],"disc":[112,153],"L5/S1,":[113,154],"posture":[115],"constraints":[116],"during":[117],"kneeling,":[118],"squatting,":[119],"bending":[120],"overhead":[122,194],"positions.":[123],"RESULTS:":[124],"scaffolders":[126,156,200],"(13.7%":[127],"worktime),":[132],"bricklayers":[133,158,198],"using":[134],"bricks":[135],"requiring":[136],"two":[137],"hands":[138],"(7.1%),":[139],"carpenters":[141,183],"(6.7%)":[142],"handled":[143],"weights":[144],">":[146],"10":[147],"kg.":[148],"With":[149],"often":[159,185,192],"showed":[160,224],"pressures":[161],"excess":[163],"3.4":[165],"kN.":[166],"Bricklaying":[167],"required":[168],"bent":[169],"postures":[170],"20.7-35.6%":[172],"worktime.":[176],"painters":[178,191],"(23.8%),":[179],"plumbers":[180],"(16.7%),":[181],"(7.2%)":[184],"worked":[186],"kneeling":[188],"postures.":[189],"used":[193],"positions":[195],"(18.3%).":[196],"had":[201],"high":[202],"frequencies":[203],"handling.":[206],"recovery":[208],"time":[209],"this":[211],"repetitive":[212],"work":[213],"longer":[215],"than":[216],"threefold":[217],"time.":[220],"CONCLUSIONS:":[221],"that":[225,244],"it":[226,241],"is":[227],"possible":[228],"exposure.":[238],"In":[239],"addition":[240],"shown":[243],"preventive":[245],"measures":[246],"such":[247],"as":[248],"improved":[249],"ergonomic":[250],"design,":[251],"organizational":[252],"structure,":[253],"training,":[254],"medical":[256],"health":[257],"care":[258],"are":[259],"needed.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}