{"id":"https://openalex.org/W85787240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","title":"Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Scope, and Impact of Spinal Pain","display_name":"Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Scope, and Impact of Spinal Pain","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W85787240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","mag":"85787240","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19668291"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193700400","display_name":"Pain Physician","issn_l":"1533-3159","issn":["1533-3159","2150-1149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316371","host_organization_name":"American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316371"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain Physician","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W85787240"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037291100","display_name":"Laxmaiah Manchikanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-9063","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-9063"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119404","display_name":"Pain Management Center of Paducah","ror":"https://ror.org/02swzn148","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119404"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laxmaiah Manchikanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pain Management Center of Paducah, Paducah, KY, and University of Louisville, Louisville, KY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pain Management Center of Paducah, Paducah, KY, and University of Louisville, Louisville, KY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786","https://openalex.org/I4210119404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102463650","display_name":"Vijay Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7283-6008","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7283-6008"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110343049","display_name":"Sukdeb Datta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sukdeb Datta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161559817","display_name":"Steven P Cohen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven P Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109460943","display_name":"Hirsch Ja","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua A Hirsch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037291100"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786","https://openalex.org/I4210119404"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":70.7928,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":712,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99990202,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4;12","issue":"4;7","first_page":"E35","last_page":"E70"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10196","display_name":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-pain","display_name":"spinal pain","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-pain","display_name":"chronic pain","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-pain-syndromes","display_name":"chronic pain syndromes","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-back-pain","display_name":"low back pain","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neck-pain","display_name":"neck pain","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-burden","display_name":"economic burden","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-expenditure","display_name":"health care expenditure","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity-loss","display_name":"productivity loss","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-use","display_name":"opioid use","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-non-cancer-pain","display_name":"chronic non-cancer pain","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interventional-pain-management","display_name":"interventional pain management","score":0.7900000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.918249249458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781118164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113","display_name":"Chronic pain","level":2,"score":0.7853612899780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781038967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567802","display_name":"Neck pain","level":3,"score":0.5643453598022461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.536927342414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.5159909725189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808","display_name":"Back pain","level":3,"score":0.47197967767715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.4548117220401764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4438628852367401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207721201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2016936","display_name":"Referred pain","level":2,"score":0.43933597207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777107010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798704","display_name":"Neuropathic pain","level":2,"score":0.42693257331848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.42274829745292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.2239287793636322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1690513789653778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.12368693947792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.09030413627624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010147","descriptor_name":"Pain Measurement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019317","descriptor_name":"Evidence-Based Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059408","descriptor_name":"Pain Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193700400","display_name":"Pain Physician","issn_l":"1533-3159","issn":["1533-3159","2150-1149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316371","host_organization_name":"American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316371"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain Physician","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19668291","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19668291","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain physician","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":401,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7818049","https://openalex.org/W19917622","https://openalex.org/W28931527","https://openalex.org/W32807566","https://openalex.org/W32829956","https://openalex.org/W74435804","https://openalex.org/W77545429","https://openalex.org/W78971133","https://openalex.org/W79385364","https://openalex.org/W81468905","https://openalex.org/W82478200","https://openalex.org/W93832398","https://openalex.org/W93992045","https://openalex.org/W98768606","https://openalex.org/W102391670","https://openalex.org/W102461183","https://openalex.org/W104580416","https://openalex.org/W106534968","https://openalex.org/W115221446","https://openalex.org/W119179058","https://openalex.org/W133142639","https://openalex.org/W137536626","https://openalex.org/W138108411","https://openalex.org/W142954314","https://openalex.org/W149362916","https://openalex.org/W149541698","https://openalex.org/W168477636","https://openalex.org/W177887620","https://openalex.org/W196519642","https://openalex.org/W202262117","https://openalex.org/W284953229","https://openalex.org/W310380836","https://openalex.org/W1205173884","https://openalex.org/W1253253747","https://openalex.org/W1480430088","https://openalex.org/W1482248852","https://openalex.org/W1513946387","https://openalex.org/W1539552662","https://openalex.org/W1550849998","https://openalex.org/W1562215263","https://openalex.org/W1574199527","https://openalex.org/W1592040557","https://openalex.org/W1594248979","https://openalex.org/W1604409539","https://openalex.org/W1657598096","https://openalex.org/W1704443501","https://openalex.org/W1731053727","https://openalex.org/W1768397755","https://openalex.org/W1788528332","https://openalex.org/W1806803271","https://openalex.org/W1822029357","https://openalex.org/W1826741928","https://openalex.org/W1837143093","https://openalex.org/W1846021156","https://openalex.org/W1852332010","https://openalex.org/W1879927633","https://openalex.org/W1912774657","https://openalex.org/W1942693962","https://openalex.org/W1951090946","https://openalex.org/W1963531956","https://openalex.org/W1963732192","https://openalex.org/W1963972464","https://openalex.org/W1964389641","https://openalex.org/W1964527263","https://openalex.org/W1964802934","https://openalex.org/W1965245509","https://openalex.org/W1965560223","https://openalex.org/W1965697825","https://openalex.org/W1965860379","https://openalex.org/W1966128258","https://openalex.org/W1966654150","https://openalex.org/W1966856660","https://openalex.org/W1966929450","https://openalex.org/W1967163791","https://openalex.org/W1969318131","https://openalex.org/W1969533528","https://openalex.org/W1969626460","https://openalex.org/W1969646198","https://openalex.org/W1970391210","https://openalex.org/W1972766175","https://openalex.org/W1973417972","https://openalex.org/W1973498888","https://openalex.org/W1974584591","https://openalex.org/W1975688428","https://openalex.org/W1975713480","https://openalex.org/W1975936874","https://openalex.org/W1976721173","https://openalex.org/W1976766380","https://openalex.org/W1977695277","https://openalex.org/W1980252851","https://openalex.org/W1980837223","https://openalex.org/W1980863432","https://openalex.org/W1981735868","https://openalex.org/W1981901554","https://openalex.org/W1982926534","https://openalex.org/W1983261493","https://openalex.org/W1984295229","https://openalex.org/W1984899992","https://openalex.org/W1985142648","https://openalex.org/W1986329975","https://openalex.org/W1986368888","https://openalex.org/W1986578599","https://openalex.org/W1988031794","https://openalex.org/W1988945483","https://openalex.org/W1989251767","https://openalex.org/W1990281295","https://openalex.org/W1990355279","https://openalex.org/W1992795576","https://openalex.org/W1994534777","https://openalex.org/W1994698484","https://openalex.org/W1996215301","https://openalex.org/W1996642672","https://openalex.org/W1997504915","https://openalex.org/W1997954458","https://openalex.org/W1998566481","https://openalex.org/W1999211777","https://openalex.org/W1999541158","https://openalex.org/W1999811298","https://openalex.org/W2000532841","https://openalex.org/W2001113511","https://openalex.org/W2003095469","https://openalex.org/W2008230172","https://openalex.org/W2009806341","https://openalex.org/W2010474060","https://openalex.org/W2011473613","https://openalex.org/W2011487877","https://openalex.org/W2012332454","https://openalex.org/W2013470023","https://openalex.org/W2013713556","https://openalex.org/W2013974739","https://openalex.org/W2014914145","https://openalex.org/W2016114707","https://openalex.org/W2016817605","https://openalex.org/W2016941404","https://openalex.org/W2017127682","https://openalex.org/W2017170791","https://openalex.org/W2017403976","https://openalex.org/W2017613227","https://openalex.org/W2017920572","https://openalex.org/W2019488147","https://openalex.org/W2020145920","https://openalex.org/W2020885057","https://openalex.org/W2022358444","https://openalex.org/W2023151238","https://openalex.org/W2024091829","https://openalex.org/W2024407035","https://openalex.org/W2024572151","https://openalex.org/W2024604480","https://openalex.org/W2025150615","https://openalex.org/W2025578870","https://openalex.org/W2025643819","https://openalex.org/W2026528225","https://openalex.org/W2027557924","https://openalex.org/W2027647693","https://openalex.org/W2027714672","https://openalex.org/W2028796006","https://openalex.org/W2029004587","https://openalex.org/W2029098086","https://openalex.org/W2029761801","https://openalex.org/W2030283753","https://openalex.org/W2031251874","https://openalex.org/W2032194893","https://openalex.org/W2032991029","https://openalex.org/W2033064918","https://openalex.org/W2033070931","https://openalex.org/W2033156884","https://openalex.org/W2033344041","https://openalex.org/W2033438673","https://openalex.org/W2034522532","https://openalex.org/W2037551143","https://openalex.org/W2037629155","https://openalex.org/W2038030761","https://openalex.org/W2039466170","https://openalex.org/W2039683390","https://openalex.org/W2041193719","https://openalex.org/W2043641441","https://openalex.org/W2044032482","https://openalex.org/W2044156760","https://openalex.org/W2044239321","https://openalex.org/W2044595147","https://openalex.org/W2044859941","https://openalex.org/W2045103885","https://openalex.org/W2045105845","https://openalex.org/W2046967920","https://openalex.org/W2047081759","https://openalex.org/W2047113899","https://openalex.org/W2048338239","https://openalex.org/W2048826456","https://openalex.org/W2049609735","https://openalex.org/W2049679785","https://openalex.org/W2050051807","https://openalex.org/W2050194795","https://openalex.org/W2052298197","https://openalex.org/W2053245387","https://openalex.org/W2056331423","https://openalex.org/W2058141395","https://openalex.org/W2058636871","https://openalex.org/W2059392494","https://openalex.org/W2059593578","https://openalex.org/W2060001973","https://openalex.org/W2060864252","https://openalex.org/W2061198628","https://openalex.org/W2061414577","https://openalex.org/W2061418525","https://openalex.org/W2061743196","https://openalex.org/W2064315361","https://openalex.org/W2065456059","https://openalex.org/W2066017863","https://openalex.org/W2066496200","https://openalex.org/W2067441038","https://openalex.org/W2067584396","https://openalex.org/W2068635360","https://openalex.org/W2068847534","https://openalex.org/W2069160619","https://openalex.org/W2069426265","https://openalex.org/W2069529976","https://openalex.org/W2069702470","https://openalex.org/W2072212138","https://openalex.org/W2073007785","https://openalex.org/W2073423035","https://openalex.org/W2073924607","https://openalex.org/W2075190419","https://openalex.org/W2075534874","https://openalex.org/W2075629716","https://openalex.org/W2076352369","https://openalex.org/W2076522783","https://openalex.org/W2077342740","https://openalex.org/W2077418782","https://openalex.org/W2078242852","https://openalex.org/W2078501374","https://openalex.org/W2078505976","https://openalex.org/W2078784774","https://openalex.org/W2079826869","https://openalex.org/W2081073575","https://openalex.org/W2081140082","https://openalex.org/W2081424487","https://openalex.org/W2083094538","https://openalex.org/W2083201188","https://openalex.org/W2083453232","https://openalex.org/W2084124626","https://openalex.org/W2084334381","https://openalex.org/W2085837641","https://openalex.org/W2087734750","https://openalex.org/W2088046879","https://openalex.org/W2088600148","https://openalex.org/W2088744300","https://openalex.org/W2091706628","https://openalex.org/W2092696625","https://openalex.org/W2092965122","https://openalex.org/W2093657421","https://openalex.org/W2093671636","https://openalex.org/W2094239722","https://openalex.org/W2094920861","https://openalex.org/W2095048905","https://openalex.org/W2095239761","https://openalex.org/W2096647566","https://openalex.org/W2098915530","https://openalex.org/W2101715039","https://openalex.org/W2102042441","https://openalex.org/W2102459004","https://openalex.org/W2102734513","https://openalex.org/W2103637716","https://openalex.org/W2104258796","https://openalex.org/W2107035357","https://openalex.org/W2107653734","https://openalex.org/W2107871413","https://openalex.org/W2111336572","https://openalex.org/W2113306506","https://openalex.org/W2113452958","https://openalex.org/W2114014993","https://openalex.org/W2114933494","https://openalex.org/W2116126344","https://openalex.org/W2116806025","https://openalex.org/W2116887820","https://openalex.org/W2117092285","https://openalex.org/W2117240445","https://openalex.org/W2117478162","https://openalex.org/W2118173674","https://openalex.org/W2118375222","https://openalex.org/W2120086442","https://openalex.org/W2121377559","https://openalex.org/W2122448219","https://openalex.org/W2122486004","https://openalex.org/W2123178651","https://openalex.org/W2124089573","https://openalex.org/W2124257779","https://openalex.org/W2124613380","https://openalex.org/W2125208830","https://openalex.org/W2126795164","https://openalex.org/W2127378708","https://openalex.org/W2127763205","https://openalex.org/W2130038471","https://openalex.org/W2130088228","https://openalex.org/W2131474094","https://openalex.org/W2132768923","https://openalex.org/W2134507564","https://openalex.org/W2134728357","https://openalex.org/W2137346042","https://openalex.org/W2137367741","https://openalex.org/W2138496447","https://openalex.org/W2138765656","https://openalex.org/W2138898629","https://openalex.org/W2139132045","https://openalex.org/W2139445336","https://openalex.org/W2140758315","https://openalex.org/W2141202726","https://openalex.org/W2141499034","https://openalex.org/W2142424661","https://openalex.org/W2142719359","https://openalex.org/W2143029002","https://openalex.org/W2143966600","https://openalex.org/W2144042926","https://openalex.org/W2145444714","https://openalex.org/W2148997409","https://openalex.org/W2151502842","https://openalex.org/W2151691734","https://openalex.org/W2151740275","https://openalex.org/W2154802882","https://openalex.org/W2155329560","https://openalex.org/W2155710149","https://openalex.org/W2156306868","https://openalex.org/W2157229623","https://openalex.org/W2157304516","https://openalex.org/W2158208539","https://openalex.org/W2158354518","https://openalex.org/W2159893787","https://openalex.org/W2160960873","https://openalex.org/W2161195044","https://openalex.org/W2163098753","https://openalex.org/W2163180148","https://openalex.org/W2163336520","https://openalex.org/W2164910451","https://openalex.org/W2165014123","https://openalex.org/W2165370627","https://openalex.org/W2165993857","https://openalex.org/W2166733613","https://openalex.org/W2167613032","https://openalex.org/W2167730769","https://openalex.org/W2167980234","https://openalex.org/W2168035727","https://openalex.org/W2168217136","https://openalex.org/W2168883168","https://openalex.org/W2168974925","https://openalex.org/W2170692786","https://openalex.org/W2176833613","https://openalex.org/W2184693712","https://openalex.org/W2184794436","https://openalex.org/W2185892723","https://openalex.org/W2188016806","https://openalex.org/W2237157812","https://openalex.org/W2241112928","https://openalex.org/W2260313566","https://openalex.org/W2274813461","https://openalex.org/W2276297386","https://openalex.org/W2287055415","https://openalex.org/W2292038115","https://openalex.org/W2304979503","https://openalex.org/W2316939180","https://openalex.org/W2318655481","https://openalex.org/W2319503457","https://openalex.org/W2326060565","https://openalex.org/W2326706178","https://openalex.org/W2333473870","https://openalex.org/W2335459869","https://openalex.org/W2394735318","https://openalex.org/W2404459644","https://openalex.org/W2409424146","https://openalex.org/W2411955914","https://openalex.org/W2413571799","https://openalex.org/W2416161986","https://openalex.org/W2416962155","https://openalex.org/W2417494190","https://openalex.org/W2418208127","https://openalex.org/W2418858123","https://openalex.org/W2421135617","https://openalex.org/W2421216288","https://openalex.org/W2465381438","https://openalex.org/W2768428307","https://openalex.org/W2774181360","https://openalex.org/W2916836393","https://openalex.org/W3136425487","https://openalex.org/W3136840147","https://openalex.org/W3137001562","https://openalex.org/W3137126506","https://openalex.org/W3137355835","https://openalex.org/W3137367981","https://openalex.org/W3137646971","https://openalex.org/W3138468342","https://openalex.org/W3138871262","https://openalex.org/W3139104822","https://openalex.org/W3139189588","https://openalex.org/W3143574137","https://openalex.org/W4234857521","https://openalex.org/W4236991905","https://openalex.org/W4247369491","https://openalex.org/W4249699517","https://openalex.org/W4250767825","https://openalex.org/W4255971645","https://openalex.org/W4302353686","https://openalex.org/W4323903795","https://openalex.org/W4327847546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377691007","https://openalex.org/W3139301391","https://openalex.org/W4251484066","https://openalex.org/W7221840653","https://openalex.org/W2138064100","https://openalex.org/W2788914217","https://openalex.org/W7100793246","https://openalex.org/W2549506374","https://openalex.org/W109561604","https://openalex.org/W12595362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Persistent":[0],"pain":[1,9,17,27,70,92,103,123,142,144,163,178,181,199,201,216,243,260,287,306,320,349,391,423],"interfering":[2],"with":[3,61,112,133,203,207,227,263,283,340,363],"daily":[4,234],"activities":[5],"is":[6,19,28,59,244,261],"common.":[7],"Chronic":[8,16,26,237],"has":[10,105,164,321],"been":[11,106,165,322],"defined":[12,29,107],"in":[13,78,124,185,223,232,246,288,301,316,329,389],"many":[14],"ways.":[15],"syndrome":[18,104],"a":[20,49,53,109,134,323,334],"separate":[21],"entity":[22],"from":[23,129,146],"chronic":[24,62,102,122,141,318,348],"pain.":[25,209,311],"as,":[30],"\"pain":[31],"that":[32,58,65,75],"persists":[33],"6":[34],"months":[35,72],"after":[36,255],"an":[37,45,351],"injury":[38,55],"and":[39,95,116,179,182,230,241,267,271,276,285,356,372,379,382,392,419,424],"beyond":[40],"the":[41,79,125,150,153,156,173,224,256,289,302,330,338,341,397,404,416],"usual":[42],"course":[43],"of":[44,83,121,138,149,155,161,172,175,190,214,250,273,304,314,343,354,359,369,403,407,421],"acute":[46],"disease":[47],"or":[48,68,73,81,253],"reasonable":[50],"time":[51],"for":[52,71,326,347],"comparable":[54],"to":[56,90,131,169,195,218,248,293,396,427],"heal,":[57],"associated":[60,226,262],"pathologic":[63],"processes":[64],"cause":[66],"continuous":[67],"intermittent":[69],"years,":[74],"may":[76,86,97],"continue":[77,292],"presence":[80],"absence":[82],"demonstrable":[84],"pathologies;":[85],"not":[87],"be":[88,219],"amenable":[89],"routine":[91],"control":[93],"methods;":[94],"healing":[96],"never":[98],"occur.\"":[99],"In":[100],"contrast,":[101],"as":[108,167],"complex":[110],"condition":[111],"physical,":[113],"psychological,":[114],"emotional,":[115],"social":[117],"components.":[118],"The":[119,158,366],"prevalence":[120,137,160,174,213,303],"adult":[126],"population":[127],"ranges":[128],"2%":[130],"40%,":[132],"median":[135],"point":[136],"15%.":[139],"Among":[140],"disorders,":[143],"arising":[145],"various":[147,305],"structures":[148],"spine":[151],"constitutes":[152],"majority":[154,342],"problems.":[157],"lifetime":[159],"spinal":[162,390,422],"reported":[166],"54%":[168],"80%.":[170],"Studies":[171],"low":[176,197,239,309],"back":[177,198,240,284,310],"neck":[180,208,242,286],"its":[183,425],"impact":[184,420],"general":[186],"have":[187,297],"shown":[188,298],"23%":[189],"patients":[191,344],"reporting":[192],"Grade":[193],"II":[194],"IV":[196],"(high":[200],"intensity":[202],"disability)":[204],"versus":[205],"15%":[206],"Further,":[210],"age":[211],"related":[212],"persistent":[215,238],"appears":[217],"much":[220],"more":[221],"common":[222,388],"elderly":[225],"functional":[228],"limitations":[229],"difficulty":[231],"performing":[233],"life":[235],"activities.":[236],"seen":[245],"25%":[247],"60%":[249],"patients,":[251],"one-year":[252],"longer":[254],"initial":[257],"episode.":[258],"Spinal":[259],"significant":[264,299,335,394],"economic,":[265],"societal,":[266],"health":[268,278,327,428],"impact.":[269],"Estimates":[270],"patterns":[272],"productivity":[274],"losses":[275],"direct":[277],"care":[279,328,429],"expenditures":[280],"among":[281],"individuals":[282],"United":[290,331],"States":[291,332],"escalate.":[294],"Recent":[295],"studies":[296],"increases":[300],"problems":[307],"including":[308,377],"Frequent":[312],"use":[313],"opioids":[315,346],"managing":[317],"non-cancer":[319],"major":[324],"issue":[325],"placing":[333],"strain":[336],"on":[337],"economy":[339],"receiving":[345],"necessitating":[350],"increased":[352],"production":[353],"opioids,":[355],"escalating":[357],"costs":[358,368],"opioid":[360],"use,":[361],"even":[362],"normal":[364],"intake.":[365],"additional":[367],"misuse,":[370],"abuse,":[371],"addiction":[373],"are":[374,387],"enormous.":[375],"Comorbidities":[376],"psychological":[378],"physical":[380],"conditions":[381],"numerous":[383],"other":[384],"risk":[385],"factors":[386],"add":[393],"complexities":[395],"interventionalist's":[398],"clinical":[399],"task.":[400],"This":[401],"section":[402],"American":[405],"Society":[406],"Interventional":[408],"Pain":[409],"Physicians":[410],"(ASIPP)/Evidence-Based":[411],"Medicine":[412],"(EBM)":[413],"guidelines":[414],"evaluates":[415],"epidemiology,":[417],"scope,":[418],"relevance":[426],"interventions.":[430]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":61}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}