{"id":"https://openalex.org/W85776032","doi":null,"title":"Essays on money and information","display_name":"Essays on money and information","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W85776032","mag":"85776032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:dissertations-3137","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI3054917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations available from ProQuest","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045551212","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Alberto Da Costa Araujo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-4544","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-4544","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7597-8476"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis Araujo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-4544","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045551212"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-norms","display_name":"social norms","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gift-exchange","display_name":"gift exchange","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/money","display_name":"money","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-equilibrium","display_name":"monetary equilibrium","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-size","display_name":"population size","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-specialization","display_name":"economic specialization","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralized-trade","display_name":"decentralized trade","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-transfer","display_name":"information transmission","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-reputation","display_name":"bank reputation","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-consistency","display_name":"time consistency","score":0.7110000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.65386563539505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.6360913515090942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780112241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11105360","display_name":"Medium of exchange","level":3,"score":0.6282844543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.6033876538276672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.471090167760849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.4239337742328644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4154687225818634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.37413328886032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.13112756609916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:dissertations-3137","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI3054917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations available from ProQuest","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:85776032","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.fucape.br/_public/producao_cientifica/6/Tese%20Luis%20Araujo.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519770058","https://openalex.org/W1556267561","https://openalex.org/W1970644991","https://openalex.org/W1972209033","https://openalex.org/W1984093725","https://openalex.org/W1989442752","https://openalex.org/W2045097767","https://openalex.org/W2052664405","https://openalex.org/W2053564429","https://openalex.org/W2056700716","https://openalex.org/W2070066727","https://openalex.org/W2074054303","https://openalex.org/W2080533797","https://openalex.org/W2086345528","https://openalex.org/W2092671978","https://openalex.org/W2097415784","https://openalex.org/W2103701706","https://openalex.org/W2125362237","https://openalex.org/W2128183168","https://openalex.org/W2157680720","https://openalex.org/W2751862591","https://openalex.org/W3038830718","https://openalex.org/W4212962244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098185459","https://openalex.org/W3122591176","https://openalex.org/W2125307570","https://openalex.org/W7097662515","https://openalex.org/W2264667057","https://openalex.org/W2118509639","https://openalex.org/W7096952956","https://openalex.org/W1522209053","https://openalex.org/W2272380099","https://openalex.org/W7125456712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"norms":[1,112],"and":[2,15,46,122,138,148,175],"money.":[3,59],"In":[4,33],"an":[5,142],"economy":[6,85,158,187],"where":[7,144],"there":[8],"is":[9,22,44,126,146],"no":[10,16],"double":[11],"coincidence":[12],"of":[13,18,72,81,101,156,169,182,204],"wants":[14],"record-keeping":[17],"past":[19],"transactions,":[20],"money":[21,125],"usually":[23],"seen":[24],"as":[25,39,41,245],"the":[26,42,70,73,79,84,90,102,154,157,167,170,180,186,189,201,205],"only":[27,150,224],"mechanism":[28],"that":[29,177,210],"can":[30,56,86,113],"support":[31,114],"exchange.":[32],"this":[34],"paper":[35],"we":[36],"show":[37,176,209],"that,":[38,109],"long":[40],"population":[43,66,103],"finite":[45],"agents":[47,149],"are":[48],"sufficiently":[49],"patient,":[50],"a":[51,62,96,194,218,229,243],"social":[52,74,91,111],"norm":[53,92],"establishing":[54],"gift-exchange":[55],"substitute":[57],"for":[58,61,213],"However,":[60],"given":[63],"discount":[64],"factor,":[65],"growth":[67],"leads":[68],"to":[69,192,216,246],"breakdown":[71],"norm.":[75],"Additionally,":[76],"increases":[77],"in":[78,83,117,128,179,185,211,241],"degree":[80,181],"specialization":[82],"also":[87,199,233],"eventually":[88],"undermine":[89],"equilibrium.":[93],"By":[94],"contrast,":[95],"monetary":[97,160,196],"equilibrium":[98,134],"exists":[99],"independent":[100],"size":[104],"or":[105],"specialization.":[106],"We":[107,140,165,198,208],"conclude":[108],"while":[110],"efficient":[115],"exchange":[116],"economies":[118,129],"with":[119,135,227,234],"small":[120],"populations":[121],"limited":[123],"specialization,":[124],"essential":[127],"without":[130],"these":[131],"features.":[132],"Monetary":[133],"decentralized":[136,147],"trade":[137,145],"learning.":[139],"consider":[141],"environment":[143],"obtain":[151],"information":[152,183],"about":[153],"state":[155],"(the":[159],"regime)":[161],"through":[162],"private":[163],"histories.":[164],"characterize":[166],"dynamics":[168],"market":[171],"under":[172],"different":[173],"regimes":[174],"changes":[178],"transmission":[184],"reduce":[188],"bank's":[190,206],"willingness":[191],"choose":[193,217],"soft":[195],"regime.":[197],"study":[200],"intertemporal":[202],"consistency":[203],"behavior.":[207],"order":[212],"patient":[214],"banks":[215],"tight":[219],"regime":[220],"they":[221],"must":[222],"not":[223],"be":[225],"concerned":[226],"building":[228],"good":[230,237],"reputation,":[231],"but":[232],"maintaining":[235],"their":[236],"reputation":[238],"by":[239],"behaving":[240],"such":[242],"way":[244],"differentiate":[247],"themselves":[248],"from":[249],"impatient":[250],"banks.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}