{"id":"https://openalex.org/W857358490","doi":null,"title":"The prevalence and associations of low testosterone levels and erectile dysfunction in a male diabetic urban population","display_name":"The prevalence and associations of low testosterone levels and erectile dysfunction in a male diabetic urban population","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W857358490","mag":"857358490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/43553","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038357915","display_name":"Tanja Kemp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0420-979X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0420-979X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tanja Kemp","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038357915"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11146","display_name":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11146","display_name":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10459","display_name":"Sexual function and dysfunction studies","score":0.007799999788403511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypogonadism","display_name":"hypogonadism","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erectile-dysfunction","display_name":"erectile dysfunction","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testosterone-deficiency","display_name":"androgen deficiency","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioavailable-testosterone","display_name":"bioavailable testosterone","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waist-circumference","display_name":"waist circumference","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"cardiovascular disease","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-neuropathy","display_name":"peripheral neuropathy","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diuretic-therapy","display_name":"diuretic therapy","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-duration","display_name":"diabetes duration","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-population","display_name":"urban population","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence-of-erectile-dysfunction","display_name":"prevalence of erectile dysfunction","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-complications","display_name":"diabetes complications","score":0.4099999964237213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8896267414093018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779929075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184674","display_name":"Erectile dysfunction","level":2,"score":0.8805915713310242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.7740684747695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119060515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916617","display_name":"Interquartile range","level":2,"score":0.7546970248222351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6334871053695679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.6019633412361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058681","display_name":"Testosterone (patch)","level":2,"score":0.596966028213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.508274495601654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779665388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5959159","display_name":"Androgen deficiency","level":4,"score":0.5011336803436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.45749199390411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776193436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236232","display_name":"Waist","level":3,"score":0.4547644257545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19720800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7722","display_name":"Morning","level":2,"score":0.43393296003341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777911890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62614","display_name":"Androgen","level":3,"score":0.350084125995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.33800244331359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.05496618151664734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/43553","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:857358490","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43553/Kemp_Prevalence_2014.pdf?sequence=1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28769912","https://openalex.org/W64336954","https://openalex.org/W82966194","https://openalex.org/W1219578225","https://openalex.org/W1590368091","https://openalex.org/W1969811041","https://openalex.org/W1981461214","https://openalex.org/W1983690581","https://openalex.org/W1986702511","https://openalex.org/W1989446771","https://openalex.org/W1991614042","https://openalex.org/W1999181000","https://openalex.org/W2000266060","https://openalex.org/W2000399621","https://openalex.org/W2008218748","https://openalex.org/W2010090922","https://openalex.org/W2018264311","https://openalex.org/W2019303851","https://openalex.org/W2028647952","https://openalex.org/W2032560652","https://openalex.org/W2036011095","https://openalex.org/W2040760123","https://openalex.org/W2041642235","https://openalex.org/W2045669438","https://openalex.org/W2045719262","https://openalex.org/W2048751182","https://openalex.org/W2052908410","https://openalex.org/W2053682103","https://openalex.org/W2056150258","https://openalex.org/W2062907730","https://openalex.org/W2067645654","https://openalex.org/W2067814588","https://openalex.org/W2068756512","https://openalex.org/W2069777370","https://openalex.org/W2071557597","https://openalex.org/W2074941721","https://openalex.org/W2079700181","https://openalex.org/W2079711628","https://openalex.org/W2087471461","https://openalex.org/W2087981443","https://openalex.org/W2094050115","https://openalex.org/W2096237552","https://openalex.org/W2096645359","https://openalex.org/W2096777479","https://openalex.org/W2098247759","https://openalex.org/W2098408263","https://openalex.org/W2099814945","https://openalex.org/W2102179430","https://openalex.org/W2106372654","https://openalex.org/W2108328747","https://openalex.org/W2111494287","https://openalex.org/W2111728603","https://openalex.org/W2117352366","https://openalex.org/W2125170896","https://openalex.org/W2129345748","https://openalex.org/W2131938021","https://openalex.org/W2133833346","https://openalex.org/W2135798327","https://openalex.org/W2138141643","https://openalex.org/W2139769568","https://openalex.org/W2139893960","https://openalex.org/W2141849555","https://openalex.org/W2142563833","https://openalex.org/W2143959240","https://openalex.org/W2146511410","https://openalex.org/W2149263243","https://openalex.org/W2155165820","https://openalex.org/W2155228880","https://openalex.org/W2159249460","https://openalex.org/W2159635135","https://openalex.org/W2160140561","https://openalex.org/W2161417745","https://openalex.org/W2165913105","https://openalex.org/W2166031585","https://openalex.org/W2170259285","https://openalex.org/W2181853831","https://openalex.org/W2396957135"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125049616","https://openalex.org/W2121691608","https://openalex.org/W2044059700","https://openalex.org/W2100003975","https://openalex.org/W4214806728","https://openalex.org/W3097721180","https://openalex.org/W7221177194","https://openalex.org/W7097743094","https://openalex.org/W2990931293","https://openalex.org/W1525577883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"According":[1],"to":[2,103],"the":[3,58,64,81,113,151,159,169,196,214,239,279,281,298,338,348,357,362,366,411,483,492],"literature,":[4],"low":[5,98,217,223,244,256,404,415,444,464],"serum":[6,91,350],"testosterone":[7,92,99,219,227,246,260,351,405,416,445,465,468,479],"levels":[8,93,100,417,446],"are":[9],"associated":[10,242,301],"with":[11,97,105,198,243,302,326,370,462,475],"diabetes":[12,77,136,266,285],"mellitus.":[13],"Minimal":[14],"data":[15],"exist":[16],"for":[17,76,87,273,396,403],"its":[18],"prevalence":[19,35,204,317,413],"or":[20],"predictors":[21,37,442],"in":[22,31,38,51,63,182,193,230,341,388,422,426,432,459,473],"South":[23],"Africa.":[24],"Erectile":[25,488],"dysfunction":[26,85,190,304,399,421,450,489],"is":[27,42,481],"a":[28,255,332,371,427,463],"common":[29],"condition":[30],"diabetic":[32,55,423],"patients.":[33,185],"The":[34,109,132,142,203,379,453],"and":[36,79,86,127,168,229,250,268,272,290,313,418,430,447,480],"our":[39],"patient":[40],"population":[41,439],"unknown.":[43],"\\nMethods:":[44],"An":[45],"observational,":[46],"cross-sectional":[47],"study":[48,409],"was":[49,115,137,147,155,162,172,179,191,209,323,353,364,368,383,456],"performed":[50,471],"150":[52],"consecutive":[53],"male":[54,424],"patients":[56,73,114,197,330,425],"over":[57],"age":[59,111],"of":[60,67,83,112,135,184,188,195,205,213,318,320,328,335,356,376,390,414,419,434,437,443,448,486,494],"50":[61],"years":[62,117,139],"Diabetic":[65],"clinic":[66],"Steve":[68],"Biko":[69],"Academic":[70],"Hospital.":[71],"These":[72],"were":[74,94,101,129,233,247,264,284,305,393,451],"evaluated":[75,354],"control":[78],"complications,":[80],"presence":[82],"erectile":[84,189,303,398,420,449],"hypogonadism":[88],"symptoms.":[89],"Morning":[90],"done.":[95],"Subjects":[96],"compared":[102],"those":[104],"normal":[106],"levels.":[107,406],"Results:":[108],"mean":[110,133,143,152],"62":[116],"(standard":[118],"deviation":[119],"(SD)":[120],"7.87),":[121],"91.3%":[122],"had":[123,216,222],"type":[124],"2":[125],"diabetes,":[126],"84.7%":[128],"on":[130,337],"insulin.":[131],"duration":[134,267],"15":[138],"(SD":[140,149,157],"8.65).":[141],"body":[144,269,287,307],"mass":[145,270,288,308],"index":[146,271],"30.7":[148],"5.37),":[150],"waist":[153,248],"circumference":[154,249],"112.4cm":[156],"16.42),":[158],"median":[160,170],"creatinine":[161],"96\u03bcmol/L":[163],"(interquartile":[164],"range":[165],"(IQR)":[166],"79-133)":[167],"HbA1C":[171],"7.85%":[173],"(IQR":[174],"6.80-9.30).":[175],"Ischaemic":[176],"heart":[177],"disease":[178],"previously":[180],"diagnosed":[181],"40.7%":[183,221],"\\nSome":[186],"degree":[187],"reported":[192],"95.3%":[194],"51.3%":[199],"reporting":[200,331],"serious":[201],"dysfunction.":[202],"androgen":[206,321],"deficiency":[207,322],"symptoms":[208,319,336],"94.7%.":[210],"Fifty":[211],"percent":[212],"men":[215],"total":[218,245,349],"levels;":[220],"modified":[224,257,358,476],"calculated":[225,258,359,477],"bioavailable":[226,259,360,478],"levels,":[228],"27.3%":[231],"both":[232,278],"low.":[234],"\\nWith":[235],"multivariate":[236,295],"logistic":[237,296],"regression":[238,297],"significant":[240,262,282,299,333],"factors":[241,283,300],"known":[251,291],"cardiovascular":[252,292],"disease.":[253,293],"For":[254],"level":[261,352],"variables":[263],"age,":[265,306],"an":[274],"outcome":[275],"defined":[276],"as":[277],"above":[280],"duration,":[286],"index,":[289,309],"With":[294],"peripheral":[310],"neuropathy":[311],"score,":[312],"diuretic":[314],"therapy.":[315],"\\nThe":[316],"very":[324],"high":[325,412],"94.7%":[327],"all":[329],"amount":[334],"Androgen":[339],"Deficiency":[340],"Adult":[342],"Males":[343],"(ADAM)":[344],"questionnaire.":[345],"If":[346],"only":[347,377,394],"instead":[355],"testosterone,":[361],"sensitivity":[363],"69%,":[365],"specificity":[367],"63%,":[369],"poor":[372],"positive":[373],"predictive":[374,381],"value":[375,382],"56%.":[378],"negative":[380],"better":[384],"at":[385],"75%.":[386],"Differences":[387],"quality":[389,493],"life":[391],"scores":[392],"seen":[395],"some":[397],"subgroups":[400],"but":[401],"not":[402,457,482],"\\nConclusion:":[407],"This":[408],"confirms":[410],"tertiary":[428],"setting,":[429],"argues":[431],"favour":[433],"universal":[435],"screening":[436],"this":[438],"group.":[440],"Multiple":[441],"identified.":[452],"ADAM":[454],"questionnaire":[455],"useful":[458],"identifying":[460],"subjects":[461],"level.":[466],"Total":[467],"testing":[469],"alone":[470],"poorly":[472],"comparison":[474],"recommended":[484],"test":[485],"choice.":[487],"negatively":[490],"affected":[491],"life.":[495]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
