{"id":"https://openalex.org/W845232188","doi":null,"title":"Location based services-the underlying technology","display_name":"Location based services-the underlying technology","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W845232188","mag":"845232188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/33889","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102883325","display_name":"Jessica M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0279"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066167034","display_name":"Allison Kealy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-3411","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-3411"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allison Kealy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-3411","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108712046","display_name":"Ip Williamson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ip Williamson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92753623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.02889999933540821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-based-services","display_name":"location-based services","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-communication","display_name":"wireless communication","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-methods","display_name":"positioning technology","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-data-infrastructure","display_name":"spatial data infrastructure","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-devices","display_name":"mobile devices","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-digital-assistants","display_name":"personal digital assistants","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palmtop-computers","display_name":"palmtop computers","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomatics","display_name":"geomatics","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-workers","display_name":"field workers","score":0.5490000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155292070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1198122","display_name":"Location-based service","level":2,"score":0.7435828447341919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5707982182502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12780434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619798","display_name":"Geomatics","level":2,"score":0.5447003841400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778075934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning technology","level":2,"score":0.5254399180412292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.524341881275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.4983232021331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4696730077266693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.45324862003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.4526214599609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43625378608703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.4331507384777069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.4306635856628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.42609140276908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4216129779815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3839559555053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3144463896751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.292461097240448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21040377020835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.16228872537612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.13557928800582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/33889","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.7.7970","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.7.7970","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.geom.unimelb.edu.au/research/publications/IPW/4_01Smith.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:845232188","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.csdila.unimelb.edu.au/publication/conferences/Location_base_services.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/33889","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/33889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320974","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W845232188.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W845232188.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599658238","https://openalex.org/W2051975038","https://openalex.org/W2135358781","https://openalex.org/W2600156134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096289770","https://openalex.org/W1966409208","https://openalex.org/W2366083494","https://openalex.org/W2139139041","https://openalex.org/W2603236326","https://openalex.org/W4239847970","https://openalex.org/W4253384164","https://openalex.org/W2477989872","https://openalex.org/W2800231051","https://openalex.org/W1866598436"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"centuries,":[1],"people":[2,47],"have":[3,93],"been":[4,28,94],"concerned":[5],"with":[6,48,150],"their":[7,151],"spatial":[8],"location":[9],"and":[10,18,43,68,125,157],"surroundings":[11],"onEarth.":[12],"The":[13,144],"methods":[14],"of":[15,20,31,64,136,147],"describing":[16],"routes":[17],"areas":[19,99],"space":[21],"by":[22,61,110],"one":[23],"person":[24],"to":[25,78],"another":[26],"havealways":[27],"a":[29],"function":[30],"the":[32,53,55,58,62,113],"available":[33],"resources.":[34],"Today":[35],"these":[36,137],"resources":[37],"include":[38],"mobilephones,":[39],"personal":[40],"digital":[41],"assistants":[42],"palmtop":[44],"computers,":[45],"providing":[46],"detailedspatial":[49],"information":[50,81,91],"whilst":[51],"'on":[52],"move'.To":[54],"Geomatics":[56],"industry,":[57],"potential":[59],"created":[60],"convergence":[63],"wirelesscommunication,":[65],"positioning":[66,155],"technology":[67,156],"Spatial":[69],"Data":[70],"Infrastructures":[71],"(SDIs)":[72],"is":[73,75,84],"tremendous.It":[74],"now":[76],"possible":[77],"deliver":[79],"relevant":[80],"where":[82,129],"it":[83],"needed":[85],"most.":[86],"Time":[87],"critical":[88],"andlocation":[89],"dependent":[90],"services":[92],"identified":[95],"as":[96],"potentially":[97],"successfulapplication":[98],"in":[100,123],"this":[101],"domain.":[102],"Not":[103],"only":[104],"will":[105,116,159],"field":[106],"workers":[107],"be":[108,160],"empowered":[109],"such":[111,130],"services,but":[112],"general":[114],"citizen":[115],"also":[117],"benefit.":[118],"There":[119],"are":[120,132,139],"many":[121],"examples":[122,138],"Europe":[124],"more":[126],"recentlyin":[127],"Australia":[128],"benefits":[131],"being":[133],"realised.":[134],"Most":[135],"termedLocation":[140],"Based":[141],"Services":[142],"(LBS).":[143],"underlying":[145],"technologies":[146],"LBS":[148],"along":[149],"synergywith":[152],"wireless":[153],"communication,":[154],"SDI":[158],"examined.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
