{"id":"https://openalex.org/W8440616","doi":null,"title":"Monoamines and the mechanism of antidepressant action: effects of catecholamine depletion on mood of patients treated with antidepressants.","display_name":"Monoamines and the mechanism of antidepressant action: effects of catecholamine depletion on mood of patients treated with antidepressants.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W8440616","mag":"8440616","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8121966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8121966","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8121966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054838334","display_name":"Pedro L. Delgado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9183-841X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9183-841X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P L Delgado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson 85724"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson 85724","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068558474","display_name":"Helen Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-4151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-4151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H L Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005056000","display_name":"Ronald M. Salomon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9473-6611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9473-6611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R M Salomon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021913455","display_name":"J\u00falio Licinio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-5884","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-5884"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Licinio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039312313","display_name":"George R. Heninger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G R Heninger","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091054243","display_name":"Alan J. Gelenberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A J Gelenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012699156","display_name":"Dennis S. Charney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-3433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-3433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D S Charney","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1293,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":154,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92061789,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"3","first_page":"389","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.02810000069439411,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11337","display_name":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2803","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoamines","display_name":"monoamines","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-mechanism-of-action","display_name":"antidepressant mechanism","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catecholamine-depletion","display_name":"catecholamine depletion","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine","display_name":"alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desipramine","display_name":"desipramine","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mazindol","display_name":"mazindol","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoxetine","display_name":"fluoxetine","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sertraline","display_name":"sertraline","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors","display_name":"selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tryptophan-depletion","display_name":"tryptophan depletion","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serotonin","display_name":"serotonin","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotransmitter-systems","display_name":"neurotransmitter systems","score":0.734000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780250439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423288","display_name":"Desipramine","level":4,"score":0.9033935070037842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779177272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76560","display_name":"Antidepressant","level":3,"score":0.8156904578208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777669559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407617","display_name":"Sertraline","level":4,"score":0.6288217306137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5558611750602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.5132872462272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776134451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422244","display_name":"Fluoxetine","level":4,"score":0.5112528800964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187714386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420225","display_name":"Monoamine neurotransmitter","level":4,"score":0.5076197385787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775894120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271663","display_name":"Catecholamine","level":2,"score":0.4985973834991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31487548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4859664","display_name":"Reuptake inhibitor","level":4,"score":0.49744442105293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775864247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167934","display_name":"Serotonin","level":3,"score":0.48848187923431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.47133612632751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.45960453152656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99631742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22290476","display_name":"Reuptake","level":4,"score":0.440790593624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4182206988334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3948117196559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0929366946220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.053724825382232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781161787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48360","display_name":"Hippocampus","level":2,"score":0.05267208814620972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000339","descriptor_name":"Affect","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015306","descriptor_name":"Biogenic Monoamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8121966","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8121966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"mag:8440616","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8121966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3674930279","display_name":"MONOAMINE RECEPTOR SENSITIVITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS","funder_award_id":"R01MH036229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7324053004","display_name":"NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASIS OF MAJOR PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS","funder_award_id":"P01MH025642","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7833096813","display_name":"NEUROBIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY DEPRESSION","funder_award_id":"K08MH000579","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988649800","https://openalex.org/W1983271055","https://openalex.org/W1979118130","https://openalex.org/W4234732026","https://openalex.org/W2057481758"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1635400258","https://openalex.org/W2127017530","https://openalex.org/W1963775706","https://openalex.org/W1992617664","https://openalex.org/W2130196047","https://openalex.org/W1995813654","https://openalex.org/W2469597126","https://openalex.org/W2151553159","https://openalex.org/W2048312204","https://openalex.org/W3093946505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brain":[0],"catecholamines":[1,20],"can":[2],"be":[3,134],"rapidly":[4],"reduced":[5],"by":[6],"inhibiting":[7],"their":[8],"synthesis":[9],"with":[10,154],"alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine":[11],"(AMPT).":[12],"In":[13,147],"order":[14],"to":[15,34,131,145,168],"assess":[16],"the":[17,128,143,148,161,165,174,182,188],"role":[18],"of":[19,74,113,124,150,176,184],"in":[21,28,61,100,173,186],"antidepressant":[22,42,129,166,195],"action":[23],"AMPT":[24,76,104],"challenges":[25,63],"were":[26,86],"administered":[27],"a":[29,40,70,82,97],"double-blind,":[30],"placebo-controlled,":[31],"crossover":[32],"fashion":[33],"14":[35],"depressed":[36],"patients":[37,120],"having":[38],"maintained":[39],"therapeutic":[41],"response":[43,130,144],"for":[44,193],">":[45],"or":[46,77],"=":[47],"2":[48,52,94],"weeks":[49],"(3":[50],"desipramine,":[51],"mazindol,":[53],"5":[54],"fluoxetine,":[55],"4":[56],"sertraline).":[57],"Each":[58,67],"patient":[59],"participated":[60],"two":[62,72],"one":[64],"week":[65],"apart.":[66],"challenge":[68,109],"included":[69],"baseline,":[71],"days":[73],"either":[75],"diphenhydramine":[78],"(active":[79],"placebo),":[80],"and":[81,93,180,190],"followup.":[83],"Antidepressant":[84],"drugs":[85,170],"continued":[87],"throughout":[88],"testing.":[89],"The":[90,122],"3":[91],"desipramine-":[92],"mazindol-responders":[95],"had":[96],"rapid":[98],"increase":[99],"depression":[101],"score":[102],"during":[103],"but":[105],"not":[106],"placebo":[107],"(diphenhydramine)":[108],"whereas":[110],"only":[111],"1":[112],"9":[114],"selective":[115],"serotonin":[116,189],"reuptake":[117],"inhibitor":[118],"(SSRI)-treated":[119],"did.":[121],"implication":[123],"this":[125],"is":[126],"that":[127,160],"desipramine":[132],"may":[133],"more":[135],"acutely":[136],"dependent":[137],"on":[138],"brain":[139],"catecholamine":[140,191],"content":[141],"than":[142],"SSRIs.":[146],"context":[149],"our":[151],"previous":[152],"work":[153],"tryptophan":[155],"depletion,":[156],"these":[157],"results":[158],"suggest":[159],"neurobiological":[162],"mechanisms":[163],"underlying":[164],"responses":[167],"different":[169,177],"involve":[171],"alterations":[172],"functioning":[175],"neurotransmitter":[178],"systems":[179,192],"reinforce":[181],"importance":[183],"changes":[185],"both":[187],"successful":[194],"responses.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}