{"id":"https://openalex.org/W84124867","doi":null,"title":"Switchgrass for Forage and Bioenergy: I. Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Harvest System","display_name":"Switchgrass for Forage and Bioenergy: I. Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Harvest System","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W84124867","mag":"84124867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:agronomyfacpub-1568","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/568","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1568&context=agronomyfacpub","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400577","display_name":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1568&context=agronomyfacpub","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069236419","display_name":"Maru Kipleting Kering","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9642-0119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9642-0119"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maru K. Kering","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068148207","display_name":"Jon T. Biermacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-9083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-9083"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon T. Biermacher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-9083","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000974002","display_name":"Billy J. Cook","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Billy Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048943804","display_name":"John A. Guretzky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-8180","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-8180"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John A. Guretzky","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-8180","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1367,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82886861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12003","display_name":"Bioenergy crop production and management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12003","display_name":"Bioenergy crop production and management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13628","display_name":"Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switchgrass","display_name":"switchgrass","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-yield","display_name":"biomass yield","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harvest-systems","display_name":"harvest systems","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forage","display_name":"forage","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioenergy","display_name":"bioenergy","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-generation-bioethanol","display_name":"cellulosic ethanol","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-removal","display_name":"nutrient removal","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regrowth","display_name":"regrowth","score":0.4169999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1466543","display_name":"Panicum virgatum","level":4,"score":0.8968506455421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.7171952724456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7098039388656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.6830822229385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.6348502039909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163283067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053121","display_name":"Cellulosic ethanol","level":3,"score":0.5818143486976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.5661956071853638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4988496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135221","display_name":"Frost (temperature)","level":2,"score":0.5309455394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.5248203873634338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5202347040176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.4848800599575043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510538283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674","display_name":"Phosphorus","level":2,"score":0.4766714870929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88972607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666904","display_name":"Human fertilization","level":2,"score":0.44782060384750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.366820752620697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.2942742109298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2614508271217346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17831864953041077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.10331004858016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09902909398078918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.06160750985145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.05749577283859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:agronomyfacpub-1568","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/568","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1568&context=agronomyfacpub","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400577","display_name":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:qt0h9720ss","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0h9720ss","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0h9720ss","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kering, Maru K; Biermacher, Jon T; Cook, Billy J; & Guretzky, John A. (2009). Switchgrass for Forage and Bioenergy: I. Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Harvest System. The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI. UC Davis: Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0h9720ss","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt0h9720ss","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0h9720ss","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:84124867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt0h9720ss/qt0h9720ss.pdf?t=krnmu7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532655","display_name":"The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:agronomyfacpub-1568","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/568","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1568&context=agronomyfacpub","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400577","display_name":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9090999960899353},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.7811999917030334},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.4390000104904175}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W84124867.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W84124867.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988782944","https://openalex.org/W2014369423","https://openalex.org/W2025932222","https://openalex.org/W2035591234","https://openalex.org/W2036849472","https://openalex.org/W2062522821","https://openalex.org/W2104491760","https://openalex.org/W2124334727","https://openalex.org/W2161425709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W270072453","https://openalex.org/W7098216326","https://openalex.org/W2089841045","https://openalex.org/W2168015012","https://openalex.org/W1987814068","https://openalex.org/W1998755978","https://openalex.org/W2104491760","https://openalex.org/W6987547081","https://openalex.org/W2306861301","https://openalex.org/W2332485117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Switchgrass":[0],"(Panicum":[1],"virgatum":[2],"L.)":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"targeted":[6],"for":[7,136,235,241],"cellulosic":[8],"ethanol":[9],"production.":[10],"Our":[11],"objective":[12],"was":[13,81,131,152,156,179,192,219],"to":[14,72,125,144],"evaluate":[15],"effects":[16],"of":[17,48,85,229,239],"location,":[18],"harvest":[19,76],"system,":[20,224],"and":[21,29,32,59,94,108,116,130,159,171,182,195,200,210,237],"N":[22,60,80,128,154,199],"fertilizer":[23],"rates":[24],"on":[25,44],"switchgrass":[26,50,230],"biomass":[27,89,208,216],"yield":[28],"N,":[30],"P,":[31],"K":[33,190],"removal.":[34],"Randomized":[35],"complete":[36],"block":[37],"experiments":[38],"with":[39,127],"four":[40],"replications":[41],"were":[42],"established":[43],"one-year":[45],"old":[46],"stands":[47],"\u2018Alamo\u2019":[49],"at":[51,99,112,168],"two":[52],"Oklahoma":[53],"locations":[54],"in":[55,232],"2008.":[56],"Harvest":[57],"system":[58,142],"rate":[61],"interactions":[62],"affected":[63],"total":[64],"annual":[65],"yield.":[66],"Biomass":[67],"yields":[68,90],"ranged":[69],"from":[70],"9020":[71],"10530":[73],"kg/ha":[74,96,184],"across":[75],"systems":[77],"when":[78,97,163],"no":[79],"applied.":[82],"With":[83],"application":[84],"179":[86,149],"kg":[87,150,161],"N/ha,":[88],"averaged":[91],"10715,":[92],"13912,":[93],"16516":[95],"harvested":[98],"seed":[100,169],"maturity":[101],"(October),":[102],"after":[103,117,174,203],"a":[104,118,226],"killing":[105,119],"frost":[106,204],"(December),":[107],"twice":[109,133],"per":[110],"year":[111],"boot":[113],"stage":[114],"(July)":[115],"frost,":[120,175],"respectively.":[121,176,188],"Nutrient":[122],"removal":[123,155,178,191],"tended":[124],"increase":[126],"fertilization":[129],"generally":[132],"as":[134],"great":[135],"each":[137],"nutrient":[138,213],"within":[139],"the":[140,145,222,233],"two-cut":[141,223],"relative":[143],"one-cut":[146],"systems.":[147],"When":[148],"N/ha":[151,162],"applied,":[153],"198,":[157],"82,":[158],"122":[160],"cut":[164,166,172],"twice,":[165],"once":[167,173,202],"maturity,":[170],"Phosphorus":[177],"22,":[180],"12,":[181],"11":[183],"among":[185],"these":[186],"systems,":[187],"Corresponding":[189],"203,":[193],"62,":[194],"25":[196],"kg/ha.":[197],"Applying":[198],"harvesting":[201],"ensures":[205],"both":[206],"high":[207],"production":[209],"reduces":[211],"soil":[212],"mining.":[214],"Total":[215],"harvest,":[217],"however,":[218],"greatest":[220],"under":[221],"enabling":[225],"potential":[227],"use":[228],"early":[231],"season":[234],"forage":[236],"availability":[238],"regrowth":[240],"bioenergy":[242],"purposes.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}