{"id":"https://openalex.org/W83234602","doi":null,"title":"Phlebotomy issues and quality improvement in results of laboratory testing.","display_name":"Phlebotomy issues and quality improvement in results of laboratory testing.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W83234602","mag":"83234602","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16812947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:16812947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16812947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical laboratory","raw_type":"Historical Article"},"volume":null,"type":"other","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073522064","display_name":"Giuseppe Lippi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-9054","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-9054"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119439378","display_name":"University of Verona","ror":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Lippi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto di Chimica e Microscopia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Morfologico-Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy. ulippi@tin.it"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Chimica e Microscopia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Morfologico-Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy. ulippi@tin.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119439378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067573503","display_name":"Gian Luca Salvagno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0487-9051","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0487-9051"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Luca Salvagno","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019108260","display_name":"Martina Montagnana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8999-0001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8999-0001"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martina Montagnana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030222224","display_name":"Massimo Franchini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-0580","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-0580","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-6389"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Franchini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071687195","display_name":"Gian Cesare Guidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-7834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-7834","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-2694"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Cesare Guidi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"5-6","first_page":"217","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3607","display_name":"Medical Laboratory Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3607","display_name":"Medical Laboratory Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12167","display_name":"Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10508","display_name":"Patient Safety and Medication Errors","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phlebotomy","display_name":"phlebotomy","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preanalytical-phase","display_name":"pre-analytical phase","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-quality-improvement","display_name":"laboratory quality improvement","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-misidentification","display_name":"patient identification errors","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venous-access","display_name":"venous access","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-automation","display_name":"laboratory automation","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777357209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3595842","display_name":"Phlebotomy","level":2,"score":0.9380201101303101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44519122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2296168","display_name":"Medical laboratory","level":2,"score":0.7017707824707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.615217924118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.5191296935081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5184804797172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.4966762661933899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48705485463142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.44629108905792236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4374259114265442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.4305153489112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.4230320155620575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.355047345161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3413069546222687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32999134063720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.27563726902008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.22063356637954712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.17835357785224915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778618615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008393","display_name":"External quality assessment","level":2,"score":0.16696566343307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198783460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629173","display_name":"Management system","level":2,"score":0.13675972819328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12774717807769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.11597970128059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001815","descriptor_name":"Bloodletting","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010355","descriptor_name":"Patient Identification Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017056","descriptor_name":"Medical Laboratory Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017056","descriptor_name":"Medical Laboratory Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018962","descriptor_name":"Phlebotomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018962","descriptor_name":"Phlebotomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018962","descriptor_name":"Phlebotomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019300","descriptor_name":"Medical Errors","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049668","descriptor_name":"History, 15th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049669","descriptor_name":"History, 16th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049670","descriptor_name":"History, 17th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049671","descriptor_name":"History, 18th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049690","descriptor_name":"History, Ancient","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049691","descriptor_name":"History, Medieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:16812947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16812947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical laboratory","raw_type":"Historical Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3538684","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11577/3538684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402547","display_name":"Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:83234602","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16812947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1850586","https://openalex.org/W9227778","https://openalex.org/W54099892","https://openalex.org/W100561734","https://openalex.org/W185572701","https://openalex.org/W193184443","https://openalex.org/W200496776","https://openalex.org/W1275659110","https://openalex.org/W1497189573","https://openalex.org/W1507281661","https://openalex.org/W1530920370","https://openalex.org/W1581962345","https://openalex.org/W1585779711","https://openalex.org/W1589050041","https://openalex.org/W1602718018","https://openalex.org/W1857789498","https://openalex.org/W1871700544","https://openalex.org/W1881411653","https://openalex.org/W1940165261","https://openalex.org/W1957503402","https://openalex.org/W1959745085","https://openalex.org/W1965666636","https://openalex.org/W1974330656","https://openalex.org/W1976547769","https://openalex.org/W1977553083","https://openalex.org/W1985523534","https://openalex.org/W1988950453","https://openalex.org/W1993432272","https://openalex.org/W1994039133","https://openalex.org/W1995124634","https://openalex.org/W1997142525","https://openalex.org/W1997569783","https://openalex.org/W1999113820","https://openalex.org/W2001887583","https://openalex.org/W2008186072","https://openalex.org/W2011125407","https://openalex.org/W2012665154","https://openalex.org/W2013752461","https://openalex.org/W2022628708","https://openalex.org/W2024063260","https://openalex.org/W2026660564","https://openalex.org/W2030931928","https://openalex.org/W2031591068","https://openalex.org/W2032563348","https://openalex.org/W2035371176","https://openalex.org/W2036304514","https://openalex.org/W2047433281","https://openalex.org/W2048888339","https://openalex.org/W2050074174","https://openalex.org/W2063733792","https://openalex.org/W2065098653","https://openalex.org/W2074876330","https://openalex.org/W2078319760","https://openalex.org/W2081082859","https://openalex.org/W2084981545","https://openalex.org/W2087388709","https://openalex.org/W2099283554","https://openalex.org/W2101257982","https://openalex.org/W2114724707","https://openalex.org/W2116034149","https://openalex.org/W2118681128","https://openalex.org/W2121956182","https://openalex.org/W2132400387","https://openalex.org/W2132730863","https://openalex.org/W2144275023","https://openalex.org/W2150371995","https://openalex.org/W2151334546","https://openalex.org/W2155843189","https://openalex.org/W2156840764","https://openalex.org/W2158504506","https://openalex.org/W2163187222","https://openalex.org/W2176783231","https://openalex.org/W2186405178","https://openalex.org/W2186547859","https://openalex.org/W2313701479","https://openalex.org/W2315202089","https://openalex.org/W2320522282","https://openalex.org/W2324093677","https://openalex.org/W2325201110","https://openalex.org/W2332713198","https://openalex.org/W2399784966","https://openalex.org/W2410417855","https://openalex.org/W2411398838","https://openalex.org/W2414036995","https://openalex.org/W2416316193","https://openalex.org/W2429304033","https://openalex.org/W2740298679","https://openalex.org/W4298280280","https://openalex.org/W4300130886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097371832","https://openalex.org/W4251473437","https://openalex.org/W2122115302","https://openalex.org/W2159077970","https://openalex.org/W7147263999","https://openalex.org/W4285523764","https://openalex.org/W2474553494","https://openalex.org/W4378376621","https://openalex.org/W2915490263","https://openalex.org/W6999418802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Laboratory":[0],"testing":[1,14,139],"is":[2,23,56],"an":[3],"integral":[4],"part":[5],"of":[6,12,27,40,69,77,89,110,135,154,167,180,183],"the":[7,37,45,78,84,90,178,190,195],"decision-making":[8],"process,":[9],"and":[10,20,52,100,116,133,150,165,194],"results":[11],"laboratory":[13,31,50,70,91,114],"often":[15],"strongly":[16],"influence":[17],"medical":[18],"diagnoses":[19],"therapies.":[21],"There":[22],"a":[24],"long":[25],"history":[26],"quality":[28,61],"requirements":[29],"in":[30,48,172],"medicine,":[32],"which":[33,81,128],"have":[34],"mainly":[35,129],"concerned":[36],"analytic":[38,53],"phase":[39],"this":[41],"process.":[42],"Owing":[43,103],"to":[44,66,74,104,141],"substantial":[46],"advances":[47],"technology,":[49],"automation":[51],"quality,":[54,185],"there":[55,119],"increasing":[57],"evidence":[58],"that":[59],"further":[60],"improvements":[62],"should":[63],"be":[64],"targeted":[65],"extra-analytic":[67],"phases":[68],"testing.":[71],"Objective":[72],"difficulties":[73],"monitor":[75],"most":[76],"preanalytic":[79],"variables":[80],"lie":[82],"outside":[83],"direct":[85],"control":[86],"or":[87],"supervision":[88],"personnel,":[92],"such":[93],"as":[94],"phlebotomy,":[95,127],"call":[96],"for":[97,123,138,189],"effective":[98],"educational":[99],"preventive":[101],"policies.":[102],"high":[105],"personnel":[106],"turnover":[107],"rates,":[108],"lack":[109],"understanding":[111],"about":[112],"good":[113],"practices,":[115],"inadequate":[117],"training,":[118],"are":[120],"several":[121],"opportunities":[122],"making":[124],"errors":[125],"during":[126],"concern":[130],"patient":[131],"misidentification":[132],"collection":[134,148],"unsuitable":[136],"specimens":[137,182],"due":[140],"unsuited":[142],"venous":[143,145],"accesses,":[144],"stasis,":[146],"inappropriate":[147],"devices":[149],"containers.":[151],"Improved":[152],"standardization":[153],"phlebotomy":[155],"techniques,":[156],"along":[157],"with":[158,186],"operative":[159],"guidelines":[160],"dissemination,":[161],"continuous":[162],"education,":[163],"certification,":[164],"training":[166],"health":[168,191],"care":[169,192],"professionals":[170],"involved":[171],"blood":[173],"drawing":[174],"responsibilities":[175],"would":[176],"enhance":[177],"chance":[179],"obtaining":[181],"consistent":[184],"favorable":[187],"revenues":[188],"system":[193],"patient's":[196],"outcome.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
