{"id":"https://openalex.org/W82513252","doi":null,"title":"User generated spatial content: an analysis of the phenomenon and its challenges for mapping agencies","display_name":"User generated spatial content: an analysis of the phenomenon and its challenges for mapping agencies","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W82513252","mag":"82513252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1318053","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318053/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017072423","display_name":"Vyron Antoniou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-9995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-9995"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vyron Antoniou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-9995","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017072423"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-2-0","display_name":"Web 2.0","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photo-sharing-websites","display_name":"photo sharing websites","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openstreetmap","display_name":"OpenStreetMap","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"data quality","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positional-accuracy","display_name":"positional accuracy","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml-schema","display_name":"XML Schema","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-mapping-application","display_name":"web-based mapping application","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-data-sources","display_name":"spatial data sources","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6912936568260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5629305243492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144430266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839721","display_name":"Interactivity","level":2,"score":0.5336257815361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101293273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q579716","display_name":"User-generated content","level":3,"score":0.4867832362651825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.437198281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.4349965751171112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4114443063735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3680492043495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3594921827316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.18329590559005737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1318053","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318053/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:82513252","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1318053/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":111,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11147514","https://openalex.org/W30623598","https://openalex.org/W78879273","https://openalex.org/W86959885","https://openalex.org/W183721871","https://openalex.org/W188261728","https://openalex.org/W193135713","https://openalex.org/W207221190","https://openalex.org/W620414775","https://openalex.org/W1486351174","https://openalex.org/W1486641335","https://openalex.org/W1490832987","https://openalex.org/W1493271556","https://openalex.org/W1506583902","https://openalex.org/W1516074370","https://openalex.org/W1537322727","https://openalex.org/W1537541015","https://openalex.org/W1539980419","https://openalex.org/W1540061914","https://openalex.org/W1545419416","https://openalex.org/W1548484412","https://openalex.org/W1558853672","https://openalex.org/W1560344004","https://openalex.org/W1561448687","https://openalex.org/W1574578120","https://openalex.org/W1583348561","https://openalex.org/W1594453896","https://openalex.org/W1597957016","https://openalex.org/W1599723158","https://openalex.org/W1680339870","https://openalex.org/W1818960212","https://openalex.org/W1819647727","https://openalex.org/W1839833241","https://openalex.org/W1886337131","https://openalex.org/W1912684809","https://openalex.org/W1968545881","https://openalex.org/W1973465224","https://openalex.org/W1982359174","https://openalex.org/W1995182354","https://openalex.org/W1998684621","https://openalex.org/W2002803426","https://openalex.org/W2004424123","https://openalex.org/W2008302594","https://openalex.org/W2008515050","https://openalex.org/W2008627710","https://openalex.org/W2011554869","https://openalex.org/W2012986027","https://openalex.org/W2019936880","https://openalex.org/W2022664803","https://openalex.org/W2024053323","https://openalex.org/W2030113989","https://openalex.org/W2032293917","https://openalex.org/W2033943395","https://openalex.org/W2036257153","https://openalex.org/W2037024424","https://openalex.org/W2038509977","https://openalex.org/W2041114254","https://openalex.org/W2046520480","https://openalex.org/W2047185150","https://openalex.org/W2054806307","https://openalex.org/W2063935068","https://openalex.org/W2071453478","https://openalex.org/W2071513458","https://openalex.org/W2074224104","https://openalex.org/W2074397129","https://openalex.org/W2082216607","https://openalex.org/W2083991031","https://openalex.org/W2084119737","https://openalex.org/W2087740901","https://openalex.org/W2094682568","https://openalex.org/W2100347685","https://openalex.org/W2100486783","https://openalex.org/W2114679221","https://openalex.org/W2115747715","https://openalex.org/W2117769867","https://openalex.org/W2117810730","https://openalex.org/W2120707452","https://openalex.org/W2120843314","https://openalex.org/W2121189875","https://openalex.org/W2121290692","https://openalex.org/W2125840308","https://openalex.org/W2137628602","https://openalex.org/W2138781105","https://openalex.org/W2143761257","https://openalex.org/W2147002317","https://openalex.org/W2150130683","https://openalex.org/W2152985123","https://openalex.org/W2156109180","https://openalex.org/W2166500718","https://openalex.org/W2171186474","https://openalex.org/W2185052039","https://openalex.org/W2187835492","https://openalex.org/W2230141110","https://openalex.org/W2257903775","https://openalex.org/W2263746683","https://openalex.org/W2310173804","https://openalex.org/W2476741576","https://openalex.org/W2478341431","https://openalex.org/W2484549398","https://openalex.org/W2492451278","https://openalex.org/W2549412929","https://openalex.org/W2608502004","https://openalex.org/W2621762655","https://openalex.org/W2679680322","https://openalex.org/W2737591480","https://openalex.org/W2745079791","https://openalex.org/W2749041656","https://openalex.org/W2752491485","https://openalex.org/W2913945460","https://openalex.org/W3087595434","https://openalex.org/W4243014088"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2969915261","https://openalex.org/W6987372270","https://openalex.org/W7018652257","https://openalex.org/W2310173804","https://openalex.org/W240169851","https://openalex.org/W7052389648","https://openalex.org/W2183638101","https://openalex.org/W7097343954","https://openalex.org/W7000613872","https://openalex.org/W2530901361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,22,25,31,41,52,64,78,82,141,150,154,161,180,183,195,204,207,213,217,234,267],"World":[2],"Wide":[3],"Web":[4,27,84,92,99,113,146,252,268],"(Web)":[5],"became":[6],"a":[7,55,143,175,198,222,259],"medium":[8],"to":[9,118,194,203,242],"serve":[10,102,125],"information,":[11],"its":[12],"impact":[13],"on":[14,153],"geographic":[15],"information":[16],"has":[17,29],"been":[18],"constantly":[19],"growing.":[20],"Today":[21],"evolution":[23],"of":[24,33,48,54,81,105,129,140,160,177,197,206,216,236],"bi-directional":[26,251],"2.0":[28,85,253],"created":[30],"phenomenon":[32,50],"User":[34],"Generated":[35],"Spatial":[36],"Content.":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39,49,68,231],"Thesis":[40,220],"focus":[42,151],"is":[43,152,172,191,256,269],"into":[44,136],"analysing":[45],"different":[46],"aspects":[47],"from":[51,188],"perspective":[53],"mapping":[56,147,254],"agency":[57],"and":[58,93,157,210,245,250,258],"also":[59],"developing":[60],"methodologies":[61],"for":[62,174,229,262],"meeting":[63],"challenges":[65],"revealed.":[66],"\\nIn":[67],"context":[69],"two":[70],"empirical":[71],"studies":[72],"are":[73],"conducted.":[74],"The":[75,108,132,166,219],"first":[76],"examines":[77],"spatial":[79,106,122,130,164],"dimension":[80],"popular":[83,144],"photo-sharing":[86],"websites":[87],"like":[88],"Flickr,":[89],"Panoramio,":[90],"Picasa":[91],"Geograph,":[94],"mainly":[95,192],"investigating":[96],"whether":[97],"such":[98],"applications":[100,114,255],"can":[101,124],"as":[103,126],"sources":[104,128],"content.":[107,131],"findings":[109],"show":[110],"that":[111,115,169,200],"only":[112],"urge":[116],"users":[117],"interact":[119],"directly":[120],"with":[121],"entities":[123],"universal":[127],"second":[133],"study":[134],"looks":[135],"data":[137,239,264],"quality":[138,159,215],"issues":[139],"OpenStreetMap,":[142],"wiki-based":[145],"application.":[148],"Here":[149],"positional":[155,170],"accuracy":[156,171],"attribution":[158],"user":[162,184],"generated":[163],"entities.":[165],"research":[167],"reveals":[168],"fit":[173],"number":[176],"purposes.":[178],"On":[179],"other":[181],"hand,":[182],"contributed":[185],"attributes":[186],"suffer":[187],"inconsistencies.":[189],"This":[190],"due":[193],"lack":[196],"methodology":[199],"could":[201],"help":[202],"formalisation":[205,223],"contribution":[208],"process,":[209],"thus":[211,246],"enhance":[212,243],"overall":[214],"dataset.":[218],"explores":[221],"process":[224],"through":[225],"an":[226],"XML":[227],"Schema":[228],"remedying":[230],"problem.":[232],"Finally,":[233],"advantages":[235],"using":[237],"vector":[238,263],"in":[240],"order":[241],"interactivity":[244],"create":[247],"more":[248],"efficient":[249],"analysed":[257],"new":[260],"method":[261],"transmission":[265],"over":[266],"presented.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}