{"id":"https://openalex.org/W82344359","doi":null,"title":"Expert-novice Studies: An Educational Perspective.","display_name":"Expert-novice Studies: An Educational Perspective.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W82344359","mag":"82344359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:22782","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22782/1/licence.txt","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"},"volume":null,"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016157521","display_name":"Christian Dieter Schunn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-297X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-297X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian D. Schunn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110342209","display_name":"Melissa M. Walwanis Nelson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03193402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11039","display_name":"Evaluation of Teaching Practices","score":0.21250000596046448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11039","display_name":"Evaluation of Teaching Practices","score":0.21250000596046448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.19920000433921814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.10790000110864639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-novice-differences","display_name":"expert-novice differences","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-level","display_name":"performance level","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"domain knowledge","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/introductory-physics-education","display_name":"introductory physics education","score":0.3790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780831121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47728","display_name":"Hobby","level":2,"score":0.7437585592269897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6880716681480408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5590227246284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5440723896026611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020528894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820271","display_name":"Graduate students","level":2,"score":0.4110977053642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38139843940734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35900023579597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23247399926185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23232969641685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.21052417159080505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.06845492124557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0642472505569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:22782","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22782/1/licence.txt","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"},{"id":"mag:82344359","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22782/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94913644","https://openalex.org/W1968266296","https://openalex.org/W2012329609","https://openalex.org/W2045300586","https://openalex.org/W2079336467","https://openalex.org/W2091785129","https://openalex.org/W2137247190","https://openalex.org/W4239636571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238415254","https://openalex.org/W6913215272","https://openalex.org/W3217732075","https://openalex.org/W2359385615","https://openalex.org/W2270697628","https://openalex.org/W4246294778","https://openalex.org/W4300640040","https://openalex.org/W2006267271","https://openalex.org/W4247502395","https://openalex.org/W6885166768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Definition.":[0],"Expert-novice":[1],"studies":[2],"involve":[3],"natural":[4],"contrasts":[5],"between":[6],"individuals":[7,24],"at":[8,25],"relatively":[9,27],"high":[10],"performance":[11,29],"levels":[12],"in":[13,31,86,97],"a":[14,26,43,51],"given":[15,33,52],"domain":[16],"(academic":[17],"discipline":[18],"or":[19,21],"profession":[20],"hobby)":[22],"and":[23,50],"low":[28],"level":[30],"that":[32,98],"domain.":[34],"The":[35],"word":[36],"\u2018relatively\u2019":[37],"is":[38,42],"emphasized":[39],"because":[40],"expertise":[41],"continuum":[44],"rather":[45],"than":[46],"two":[47,57],"discrete":[48],"states":[49],"study":[53,66,79],"usually":[54],"just":[55],"compares":[56],"points":[58],"along":[59],"the":[60],"continuum.":[61],"For":[62],"example,":[63],"one":[64],"classic":[65,78],"compared":[67,80],"physics":[68,72],"faculty":[69],"(experts)":[70,90],"against":[71,91],"graduate":[73],"students":[74],"(novices),":[75],"whereas":[76],"another":[77],"undergraduates":[81,92],"having":[82],"performed":[83],"very":[84],"well":[85,96],"an":[87],"introductory":[88],"course":[89,100],"performing":[93],"much":[94],"less":[95],"same":[99],"(novices).":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}