{"id":"https://openalex.org/W82233829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3031475","title":"The Origins of African-American Politics in Southwest Georgia: A Case Study of Black Political Organization During Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1867","display_name":"The Origins of African-American Politics in Southwest Georgia: A Case Study of Black Political Organization During Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1867","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W82233829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3031475","mag":"82233829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3031475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3031475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3031475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206647","display_name":"The Journal of Negro History","issn_l":"0022-2992","issn":["0022-2992","2325-6842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Negro History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042139411","display_name":"Lee W. Formwalt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lee W. Formwalt","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042139411"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01661867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"77","issue":"4","first_page":"211","last_page":"222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-politics","display_name":"African American politics","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-political-organizations","display_name":"Black political organizations","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southwest-georgia","display_name":"southwestern Georgia","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconstruction-era","display_name":"Reconstruction","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-political-participation","display_name":"Black political participation","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emancipation","display_name":"emancipation","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freedmen","display_name":"freedmen","score":0.40400001406669617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.8140753507614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197487636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49892","display_name":"Presidential system","level":3,"score":0.7566304206848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.5622736811637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992498528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7979513","display_name":"Presidential address","level":2,"score":0.5566436648368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.49487370252609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4588940143585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53553401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47307","display_name":"Genealogy","level":1,"score":0.3761494755744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.2064341902732849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.1772640347480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1682436764240265}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/3031475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3031475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3031475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206647","display_name":"The Journal of Negro History","issn_l":"0022-2992","issn":["0022-2992","2325-6842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Negro History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229528110","https://openalex.org/W4300631711","https://openalex.org/W4301417541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4302419346","https://openalex.org/W2159104104","https://openalex.org/W2797309788","https://openalex.org/W4380763215","https://openalex.org/W2796954991","https://openalex.org/W580270165","https://openalex.org/W4300384915","https://openalex.org/W341000003","https://openalex.org/W2582054868","https://openalex.org/W4255236482"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
