{"id":"https://openalex.org/W815698104","doi":null,"title":"The immune response in Influenza A-S. pneumoniae coinfection","display_name":"The immune response in Influenza A-S. pneumoniae coinfection","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W815698104","mag":"815698104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1447480","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1447480/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072584691","display_name":"Gregory T Ellis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory T Ellis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072584691"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10654","display_name":"Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","score":0.01640000008046627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14165","display_name":"Inflammation biomarkers and pathways","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza-a-virus","display_name":"influenza A virus","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcus-pneumoniae","display_name":"Streptococcus pneumoniae","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coinfection","display_name":"co-infection","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophils","display_name":"neutrophils","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ccr2","display_name":"CCR2","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-monocytes","display_name":"inflammatory monocytes","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trail","display_name":"TRAIL","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-injury","display_name":"lung injury","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-colonization","display_name":"bacterial colonization","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mouse-model","display_name":"mouse model","score":0.5590000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243018","display_name":"Coinfection","level":3,"score":0.9101714491844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6785518527030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6783339977264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5056579113006592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.38860127329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3238481283187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.08764287829399109}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1447480","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1447480/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:815698104","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1447480/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":199,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74606824","https://openalex.org/W1423871979","https://openalex.org/W1482002974","https://openalex.org/W1495349209","https://openalex.org/W1513235739","https://openalex.org/W1532142835","https://openalex.org/W1539099171","https://openalex.org/W1553473844","https://openalex.org/W1574122073","https://openalex.org/W1597610606","https://openalex.org/W1608475035","https://openalex.org/W1661985738","https://openalex.org/W1663957057","https://openalex.org/W1852307476","https://openalex.org/W1869071094","https://openalex.org/W1918510262","https://openalex.org/W1932202918","https://openalex.org/W1933671142","https://openalex.org/W1944669959","https://openalex.org/W1954785451","https://openalex.org/W1967139098","https://openalex.org/W1967490610","https://openalex.org/W1971929349","https://openalex.org/W1972940706","https://openalex.org/W1974540435","https://openalex.org/W1977142289","https://openalex.org/W1988457839","https://openalex.org/W1991740724","https://openalex.org/W1993728991","https://openalex.org/W1994391392","https://openalex.org/W1994396536","https://openalex.org/W1997103196","https://openalex.org/W1997690150","https://openalex.org/W2001484558","https://openalex.org/W2002012748","https://openalex.org/W2006079378","https://openalex.org/W2006181104","https://openalex.org/W2006425559","https://openalex.org/W2009522156","https://openalex.org/W2013462019","https://openalex.org/W2015141049","https://openalex.org/W2016385216","https://openalex.org/W2018091769","https://openalex.org/W2018424830","https://openalex.org/W2018925431","https://openalex.org/W2019559173","https://openalex.org/W2025029849","https://openalex.org/W2026576172","https://openalex.org/W2026601473","https://openalex.org/W2028066970","https://openalex.org/W2029129294","https://openalex.org/W2031120873","https://openalex.org/W2031784540","https://openalex.org/W2032969319","https://openalex.org/W2033430285","https://openalex.org/W2038338479","https://openalex.org/W2038402854","https://openalex.org/W2041933511","https://openalex.org/W2042543732","https://openalex.org/W2044377521","https://openalex.org/W2045362817","https://openalex.org/W2047049994","https://openalex.org/W2049774740","https://openalex.org/W2050256766","https://openalex.org/W2051456508","https://openalex.org/W2053796616","https://openalex.org/W2053889157","https://openalex.org/W2055079545","https://openalex.org/W2055984914","https://openalex.org/W2057457924","https://openalex.org/W2058740609","https://openalex.org/W2061370301","https://openalex.org/W2063563210","https://openalex.org/W2063643788","https://openalex.org/W2064954685","https://openalex.org/W2065155425","https://openalex.org/W2065261415","https://openalex.org/W2067267561","https://openalex.org/W2069375519","https://openalex.org/W2071688420","https://openalex.org/W2073117428","https://openalex.org/W2074568405","https://openalex.org/W2074758655","https://openalex.org/W2075156841","https://openalex.org/W2076026689","https://openalex.org/W2076893605","https://openalex.org/W2077853967","https://openalex.org/W2078592350","https://openalex.org/W2080481187","https://openalex.org/W2080737538","https://openalex.org/W2081068112","https://openalex.org/W2089782191","https://openalex.org/W2090332825","https://openalex.org/W2090520729","https://openalex.org/W2091573123","https://openalex.org/W2092073971","https://openalex.org/W2094647964","https://openalex.org/W2095589751","https://openalex.org/W2095715691","https://openalex.org/W2095929174","https://openalex.org/W2096542836","https://openalex.org/W2097140043","https://openalex.org/W2099610085","https://openalex.org/W2100213157","https://openalex.org/W2100680575","https://openalex.org/W2100796791","https://openalex.org/W2101528736","https://openalex.org/W2102598722","https://openalex.org/W2102621745","https://openalex.org/W2103293702","https://openalex.org/W2103833732","https://openalex.org/W2104556654","https://openalex.org/W2105053798","https://openalex.org/W2105058231","https://openalex.org/W2105431972","https://openalex.org/W2105680176","https://openalex.org/W2106377620","https://openalex.org/W2107705757","https://openalex.org/W2109671424","https://openalex.org/W2110420249","https://openalex.org/W2110456507","https://openalex.org/W2110864354","https://openalex.org/W2112269300","https://openalex.org/W2112687224","https://openalex.org/W2113107507","https://openalex.org/W2113456915","https://openalex.org/W2113747628","https://openalex.org/W2113757071","https://openalex.org/W2114765570","https://openalex.org/W2116498531","https://openalex.org/W2116742245","https://openalex.org/W2117563914","https://openalex.org/W2117985944","https://openalex.org/W2118115419","https://openalex.org/W2122758441","https://openalex.org/W2122822209","https://openalex.org/W2122852414","https://openalex.org/W2124230323","https://openalex.org/W2125762027","https://openalex.org/W2127002218","https://openalex.org/W2127240692","https://openalex.org/W2127612599","https://openalex.org/W2127662639","https://openalex.org/W2128374872","https://openalex.org/W2128511568","https://openalex.org/W2128632599","https://openalex.org/W2129339954","https://openalex.org/W2129716541","https://openalex.org/W2130388912","https://openalex.org/W2131970256","https://openalex.org/W2133262309","https://openalex.org/W2135474516","https://openalex.org/W2136000921","https://openalex.org/W2136047624","https://openalex.org/W2137741745","https://openalex.org/W2138067578","https://openalex.org/W2139759276","https://openalex.org/W2140489687","https://openalex.org/W2142176077","https://openalex.org/W2142939744","https://openalex.org/W2144828448","https://openalex.org/W2145176341","https://openalex.org/W2145411867","https://openalex.org/W2145435157","https://openalex.org/W2145665328","https://openalex.org/W2146650664","https://openalex.org/W2147164577","https://openalex.org/W2148229843","https://openalex.org/W2150066073","https://openalex.org/W2151109626","https://openalex.org/W2151546806","https://openalex.org/W2152304760","https://openalex.org/W2155216032","https://openalex.org/W2156613610","https://openalex.org/W2156840385","https://openalex.org/W2159923756","https://openalex.org/W2160611039","https://openalex.org/W2161437493","https://openalex.org/W2161683931","https://openalex.org/W2161743104","https://openalex.org/W2166431404","https://openalex.org/W2167233568","https://openalex.org/W2167395319","https://openalex.org/W2167435540","https://openalex.org/W2167500590","https://openalex.org/W2167944937","https://openalex.org/W2168613507","https://openalex.org/W2168861060","https://openalex.org/W2169387164","https://openalex.org/W2170117328","https://openalex.org/W2171542652","https://openalex.org/W2172025483","https://openalex.org/W2177278972","https://openalex.org/W2268984485","https://openalex.org/W2314929726","https://openalex.org/W2325834977","https://openalex.org/W2344268543","https://openalex.org/W2417114852","https://openalex.org/W2432695107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2159526588","https://openalex.org/W2246388311","https://openalex.org/W1977022225","https://openalex.org/W2131970256","https://openalex.org/W1557153589","https://openalex.org/W7020505384","https://openalex.org/W3165218215","https://openalex.org/W2972328412","https://openalex.org/W2724689522","https://openalex.org/W7096236610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Streptococcus":[0],"pneumoniae":[1,37],"coinfection":[2,92,190,222],"is":[3,39,58,171,173,210,219],"a":[4,27,94,179,217],"major":[5],"cause":[6,43,228],"of":[7,20,49,64,77,82,102,106,119,138,176,201,244,256],"influenza-associated":[8],"mortality.":[9,65],"In":[10,125],"this":[11],"thesis":[12],"the":[13,18,21,61,80,83,120,129,135,185,199,251,257],"underlying":[14],"disease":[15,112],"mechanisms":[16,76],"and":[17,35,45,55,69,99,113,159,207,236,253],"role":[19],"immune":[22,67,84,121,258],"response":[23,85,98,122,131],"are":[24,87,123,141,145,195,260],"investigated":[25],"in":[26,90,213],"mouse":[28],"model.":[29],"Coinfection":[30],"with":[31],"otherwise":[32],"mild":[33],"influenza":[34,205],"S.":[36],"strains":[38],"shown":[40,146,196],"to":[41,127,132,147,151,164,189,197,250],"synergistically":[42],"mortality":[44],"severe":[46],"disease.":[47,192],"Loss":[48],"bacterial":[50,114,133,139,232,240,248],"but":[51],"not":[52,88],"viral":[53,186],"control,":[54],"subsequent":[56,239],"outgrowth,":[57,115,134],"identified":[59],"as":[60,75,247],"main":[62],"driver":[63],"Influenza-mediated":[66],"impairment":[68],"lung":[70,229],"damage":[71,162,170],"have":[72],"been":[73],"proposed":[74,220],"coinfection.":[78,152,165],"Here":[79],"aspects":[81,118,243],"profiled":[86],"impaired;":[89],"contrast,":[91],"induces":[93],"strong":[95],"proinflammatory":[96],"cytokine":[97],"an":[100],"influx":[101],"functional":[103],"neutrophils.":[104],"Depletion":[105],"neutrophils":[107,235],"or":[108],"TNF-\u03b1":[109,237],"blockade":[110],"exacerbates":[111],"showing":[116],"these":[117],"protective.":[124],"addition":[126],"profiling":[128],"downstream":[130],"upstream":[136],"causes":[137],"colonization":[140],"investigated.":[142,174,262],"CCR2-/-":[143,154,214],"mice":[144],"be":[148],"more":[149],"resistant":[150],"Influenza-infected":[153],"lungs":[155],"lack":[156],"inflammatory":[157,167,226],"monocytes":[158,194,227],"exhibit":[160],"reduced":[161],"prior":[163,188],"How":[166],"monocyte":[168],"derived":[169],"mediated":[172],"Blockade":[175],"TRAIL":[177,208],"-":[178,183],"cell-death":[180],"inducing":[181],"ligand":[182],"during":[184,204],"phase":[187],"ameliorates":[191],"Inflammatory":[193],"comprise":[198],"majority":[200],"TRAIL-expressing":[202,225],"cells":[203],"infection,":[206],"expression":[209],"largely":[211],"absent":[212],"mice.":[215],"Therefore":[216],"mechanism":[218],"for":[221],"where":[223],"influenza-induced":[224],"damage,":[230],"allowing":[231],"colonization,":[233],"while":[234],"counter":[238],"outgrowth.":[241],"Other":[242],"coinfection,":[245],"such":[246],"spread":[249],"brain":[252],"other":[254],"facets":[255],"response,":[259],"also":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
