{"id":"https://openalex.org/W81378743","doi":null,"title":"Contextualizing Race: African American College Choice in an Evolving Affirmative Action Era","display_name":"Contextualizing Race: African American College Choice in an Evolving Affirmative Action Era","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W81378743","mag":"81378743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:81378743","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ878421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91843068","display_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","issn_l":"0022-2984","issn":["0022-2984","2167-6437"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315754","host_organization_name":"Howard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Howard University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018362565","display_name":"Robert T. Teranishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3549","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3549"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert T. Teranishi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3549","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071254033","display_name":"Kamilah Briscoe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamilah Briscoe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3591,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.945953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"77","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.6646000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.6646000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.3330000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affirmative-action","display_name":"affirmative action","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-choice","display_name":"college choice","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-college-students","display_name":"African American college students","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proposition-209","display_name":"Proposition 209","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california","display_name":"California","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-admission","display_name":"university admission","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-belonging","display_name":"racial belonging","score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-higher-education","display_name":"higher education access","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-race-theory","display_name":"critical race theory","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california-public-universities","display_name":"California public universities","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-of-california","display_name":"University of California","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-high-school-students","display_name":"Black high school students","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-discrimination-in-admissions","display_name":"racial discrimination in admissions","score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-diversity-in-higher-education","display_name":"racial diversity in higher education","score":0.4050000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777732099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214244","display_name":"Affirmative action","level":2,"score":0.9418151378631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.5252420902252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5109204649925232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.5010952949523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777152325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108163","display_name":"Proposition","level":2,"score":0.4927990734577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.492125928401947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48726120591163635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.48254889249801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.469959020614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4086230993270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.40548670291900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:81378743","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ878421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91843068","display_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","issn_l":"0022-2984","issn":["0022-2984","2167-6437"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315754","host_organization_name":"Howard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Howard University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34434897","https://openalex.org/W42883476","https://openalex.org/W46636160","https://openalex.org/W49276736","https://openalex.org/W192442454","https://openalex.org/W624014986","https://openalex.org/W1520856638","https://openalex.org/W1530452669","https://openalex.org/W1543971459","https://openalex.org/W1556641933","https://openalex.org/W1963010559","https://openalex.org/W1969529996","https://openalex.org/W1973670891","https://openalex.org/W1975395391","https://openalex.org/W1987512317","https://openalex.org/W2000117884","https://openalex.org/W2002527123","https://openalex.org/W2003871260","https://openalex.org/W2009458825","https://openalex.org/W2026338499","https://openalex.org/W2029226243","https://openalex.org/W2033468424","https://openalex.org/W2036195527","https://openalex.org/W2038421557","https://openalex.org/W2080043947","https://openalex.org/W2087703491","https://openalex.org/W2120761580","https://openalex.org/W2129082034","https://openalex.org/W2161062605","https://openalex.org/W2161923363","https://openalex.org/W2170659939","https://openalex.org/W2171373373","https://openalex.org/W2314187894","https://openalex.org/W2606429480","https://openalex.org/W2625724450","https://openalex.org/W2802607181","https://openalex.org/W2956851370"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2889693116","https://openalex.org/W7053304083","https://openalex.org/W1906313201","https://openalex.org/W7015247701","https://openalex.org/W3121424563","https://openalex.org/W1540019822","https://openalex.org/W4385357286","https://openalex.org/W7071849021","https://openalex.org/W3041713381","https://openalex.org/W6926147070"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"a":[1,60,124,337,374,378,473,514,575],"critical":[2],"race":[3,13,335],"theory":[4],"framework,":[5],"this":[6,112,450],"study":[7,39,113],"examines":[8],"the":[9,23,29,42,68,85,134,143,153,179,192,197,212,219,221,227,242,286,292,314,325,332,341,347,368,387,405,466,502,526,544,552],"ways":[10,69],"in":[11,19,49,70,90,106,133,162,218,275,291,346,370,447,453,459,465,494,528,543,578,585],"which":[12,71,245,268,538],"and":[14,28,102,117,126,167,189,194,226,235,261,272,297,307,426,433,510,533],"racialized":[15],"ideologies":[16],"are":[17],"manifested":[18],"high-stakes":[20],"college":[21,30],"admissions,":[22],"debate":[24,503],"over":[25],"affirmative":[26,64,88,391,505],"action,":[27,392],"choice":[31],"behavior":[32,445],"of":[33,44,87,97,111,131,136,145,170,196,201,229,257,263,288,313,328,334,344,363,377,380,389,468,475,547,551],"Black":[34,45,92,276,299,371,402,477,529,557,586],"high":[35,46],"school":[36,47],"students.":[37],"This":[38],"allows":[40],"for":[41,129,223,382,397,413,442,457],"voices":[43],"students":[48,93,130,403,478],"California":[50,146,230,258,264],"to":[51,63,77,119,152,158,186,244,410,422,429,490,559,566,590],"describe":[52],"their":[53,430],"lived":[54],"experiences":[55],"with":[56,394,449],"Proposition":[57,148,246,289,469,536],"209,":[519,593],"suggesting":[59],"deeper":[61],"meaning":[62],"action":[65,89,177,506],"than":[66],"simply":[67],"it":[72],"affected":[73],"institutional":[74],"practices":[75,161],"related":[76],"admissions":[78],"decisions.":[79],"The":[80,109,361,455],"results":[81,110,362],"indicate":[82],"that,":[83,464],"following":[84,535],"end":[86],"California,":[91,580],"had":[94,404,581],"altered":[95],"perceptions":[96],"where":[98,103,501,511],"they":[99,104,437,512],"were":[100,233,472,563,570],"welcome":[101],"belonged":[105],"higher":[107],"education.":[108],"can":[114],"help":[115],"colleges":[116],"universities":[118],"create,":[120],"maintain,":[121],"or":[122,407,485],"improve":[123],"positive":[125],"welcoming":[127,516],"climate":[128],"color":[132],"wake":[135,467],"such":[137],"policy":[138],"changes.":[139],"In":[140,384],"November,":[141],"1996,":[142],"State":[144,154],"adopted":[147],"an":[150,270,541,582],"amendment":[151],"Constitution":[155],"that":[156,367,400],"proposed":[157],"eliminate":[159],"discriminatory":[160],"public":[163,168,216,224],"employment,":[164],"government":[165],"contracting,":[166],"institutions":[169,569],"education":[171],"(Legislative":[172],"Analyst's":[173],"Office,":[174],"1996).":[175],"Affirmative":[176],"programs,":[178],"bill's":[180],"proponents":[181],"argued,":[182],"gave":[183],"unfair":[184],"preferences":[185],"underrepresented":[187],"minorities":[188],"women,":[190],"misrepresenting":[191],"spirit":[193],"intent":[195],"Civil":[198,207],"Rights":[199,208],"Act":[200],"1964":[202],"(Kennedy":[203],"&":[204,280,351],"Jeffrey,":[205],"1997;":[206],"Act,":[209],"1964).":[210],"While":[211,415],"legislation":[213],"impacted":[214,249,435],"all":[215],"agencies":[217],"state,":[220],"consequences":[222],"universities,":[225],"University":[228,262],"(UC)":[231],"particularly,":[232],"immediate":[234,271],"dramatic.":[236],"Research":[237],"has":[238,248,339],"primarily":[239],"focused":[240,320],"on":[241,323,525],"extent":[243],"209":[247],"enrollment":[250,302,372],"at":[251,305,309,531],"California's":[252],"most":[253],"selective":[254,567],"flagship":[255],"institutions-University":[256],"Berkeley":[259],"(UCB)":[260],"Los":[265],"Angeles":[266],"(UCLA),":[267],"experienced":[269],"drastic":[273],"decline":[274,369],"freshmen":[277,301],"(Alien,":[278],"Bonous-Hammarth,":[279],"Teranishi,":[281],"2001;":[282],"Karabel,":[283],"1999).":[284,316,520,554,594],"Following":[285],"enactment":[287],"single":[293],"year":[294],"between":[295],"1997":[296],"1998,":[298],"first-time":[300],"decreased":[303],"43%":[304],"UCLA":[306,484,532],"38%":[308],"UCB":[310,486,534],"(UC":[311,549],"Office":[312,550],"President,":[315,553],"Other":[317],"studies":[318,365,417],"have":[319,418,481],"more":[321,515],"specifically":[322],"how":[324,427,443],"admission":[326],"processes":[327],"UC":[329,348,561],"campuses":[330,562],"without":[331],"use":[333],"as":[336],"consideration":[338],"changed":[340,446],"admit":[342],"rate":[343],"Blacks":[345,458],"system":[349],"(Espenshade":[350],"Chung,":[352],"2005;":[353],"Liu,":[354],"2002;":[355],"Ralph":[356],"J.":[357],"Bunche":[358],"Center,":[359],"2006).":[360],"these":[364,416,424,560],"suggested":[366],"was":[373,507,523],"direct":[375],"result":[376],"normalization":[379],"standards":[381,396],"admissions.":[383,414],"other":[385],"words,":[386],"elimination":[388],"race-based":[390],"coupled":[393],"increasing":[395],"admission,":[398],"meant":[399],"fewer":[401],"grades":[406],"test":[408],"scores":[409],"be":[411],"competitive":[412,498],"made":[419],"significant":[420],"contributions":[421],"understanding":[423],"institutions,":[425],"adjustments":[428],"policies,":[431],"practices,":[432],"procedures":[434],"enrollment,":[436],"do":[438],"not":[439],"necessarily":[440],"account":[441],"student":[444],"accordance":[448],"dramatic":[451],"change":[452],"policy.":[454],"Journal":[456],"Higher":[460],"Education":[461],"(JBHE)":[462],"hypothesized":[463],"there":[471],"number":[474,546],"strong":[476],"who":[479,487],"might":[480],"otherwise":[482],"attended":[483],"chose,":[488],"instead,":[489],"apply":[491],"to,":[492],"and,":[493],"some":[495],"cases,":[496],"attend,":[497],"private":[499,568,576],"colleges,":[500],"about":[504],"less":[508],"acrid":[509],"perceived":[513],"environment":[517],"(Proposition":[518,592],"Their":[521],"assertion":[522],"based":[524],"decrease":[527],"applicants":[530,548,558,587],"occurred":[539],"despite":[540],"increase":[542,584],"total":[545],"Furthermore,":[555],"while":[556],"decreasing,":[564],"applications":[565],"increasing.":[571],"Claremont":[572],"McKenna":[573],"College,":[574],"institution":[577],"Southern":[579],"unexplainable":[583],"from":[588],"83":[589],"117":[591],"\u2026":[595]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
