{"id":"https://openalex.org/W81313788","doi":null,"title":"Linking Strategy Processes to Performance Outcomes in Dynamic Environments: The Need to Target Multiple Bull's Eyes *","display_name":"Linking Strategy Processes to Performance Outcomes in Dynamic Environments: The Need to Target Multiple Bull's Eyes *","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W81313788","mag":"81313788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:81313788","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/40604422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764850994","display_name":"Journal of managerial issues","issn_l":"1045-3695","issn":["1045-3695"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316206","host_organization_name":"Pittsburg State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316206"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pittsburg State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of managerial issues","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063216518","display_name":"Linda F. Tegarden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda F. Tegarden","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000036733","display_name":"Yolanda Sarason","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0469-7979","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0469-7979"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yolanda Sarason","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0469-7979","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013774394","display_name":"Catherine M. Banbury","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Banbury","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9879,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93543496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"133","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13963","display_name":"Organizational Management and Leadership","score":0.41920000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13963","display_name":"Organizational Management and Leadership","score":0.41920000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.32199999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12815","display_name":"Management and Organizational Practices","score":0.08940000087022781,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-process","display_name":"strategic process","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-environments","display_name":"dynamic environments","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/top-management-teams","display_name":"top management teams","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-participation","display_name":"organizational participation","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-uncertainty","display_name":"environmental uncertainty","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-decision-making","display_name":"strategic decision-making","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-politics","display_name":"organizational politics","score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-culture","display_name":"organizational culture","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-communication","display_name":"organizational communication","score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-leadership","display_name":"organizational leadership","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-development","display_name":"organizational development","score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-innovation","display_name":"organizational innovation","score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-commitment","display_name":"organizational commitment","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60729714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476130","display_name":"Finkelstein's test","level":2,"score":0.80557781457901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775836275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502310","display_name":"Dynamism","level":2,"score":0.6141678094863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86275758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376657","display_name":"Strategic management","level":2,"score":0.5154250860214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777496998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536587","display_name":"Miller","level":2,"score":0.48361721634864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45133644342422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3473159670829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33674949407577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.320387601852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19492515921592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:81313788","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/40604422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764850994","display_name":"Journal of managerial issues","issn_l":"1045-3695","issn":["1045-3695"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316206","host_organization_name":"Pittsburg State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316206"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pittsburg State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of managerial issues","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497762484","https://openalex.org/W1540798360","https://openalex.org/W1580880025","https://openalex.org/W1998553524","https://openalex.org/W2002985495","https://openalex.org/W2004016061","https://openalex.org/W2005143078","https://openalex.org/W2005459481","https://openalex.org/W2006065586","https://openalex.org/W2006510432","https://openalex.org/W2023017348","https://openalex.org/W2024509488","https://openalex.org/W2025336462","https://openalex.org/W2035252515","https://openalex.org/W2040197946","https://openalex.org/W2043448735","https://openalex.org/W2046491181","https://openalex.org/W2061578048","https://openalex.org/W2061977616","https://openalex.org/W2071757226","https://openalex.org/W2091388991","https://openalex.org/W2099149526","https://openalex.org/W2100989171","https://openalex.org/W2106863332","https://openalex.org/W2120268201","https://openalex.org/W2124210013","https://openalex.org/W2131218931","https://openalex.org/W2150238850","https://openalex.org/W2163619835","https://openalex.org/W2164324358"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099277453","https://openalex.org/W2987758958","https://openalex.org/W2025336462","https://openalex.org/W4402305165","https://openalex.org/W56960218","https://openalex.org/W2736990442","https://openalex.org/W2296046967","https://openalex.org/W2053432971","https://openalex.org/W71023484","https://openalex.org/W2558213419"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"reason":[1],"for":[2,274],"this":[3,131,367],"incomplete":[4],"understanding":[5,101,109],"of":[6,9,51,81,87,130,181,206,231,242,256,266,277,295,304,324,331,337,383,406,423,442,466,472,482,533,551,582],"the":[410],"effectiveness":[8,296],"strategic":[10,19,52,113,144,384],"processes":[11,20,83,114,145,327,397,407,430,474,494,505,559],"is":[12,102,133,219,245,516,555],"that":[13,84,120,291,363,408,413,449,495,575],"many":[14],"empirical":[15],"studies":[16,44,138],"focus":[17,46,215,262],"on":[18,47,220,233,263,328,569],"involving":[21],"only":[22,48],"top":[24,93,186,222,414,451,484,499,523],"management":[25,94,187,223,452,485,500,524,527],"team":[26,59,70,453,486,501],"(Boyd,":[27],"1991;":[28],"Finkelstein":[29],"and":[30,34,62,115,146,153,156,166,183,203,210,284,334,355,391,416,437,454,462,487,506,529,544,573],"Hambrick,":[31],"1996;":[32,38],"Hopkins":[33],"Hopkins,":[35],"1997;":[36],"Powell,":[37],"Mintzburg,":[39],"1994).":[40,75],"In":[41,343,375],"addition,":[42],"these":[43,217,315,341,396,473],"usually":[45],"one":[49],"dimension":[50],"process":[53,170,197,235,306],"such":[54],"as":[55,177,475],"consensus":[56],"among":[57,68],"(e.g.,":[60,71],"Dess":[61],"Priem,":[63],"1995)":[64],"or":[65,521],"social":[66,580],"integration":[67],"Smith":[72],"et":[73,309],"al.,":[74,310],"We":[76,118,225,468],"investigate":[77],"a":[78,124,140,159,239,261,272,275,292,380,519],"broader":[79,293],"range":[80],"strategy":[424],"include":[85,253],"participation":[86,241],"other":[88,279,455,489],"organization":[89,243,511],"members":[90,244,418,457,537],"outside":[91],"team.":[95,224,525],"Another":[96],"related":[97],"gap":[98],"in":[99,108,149,162,216,301,317,340,366,420,459,541,548,578],"our":[100],"moderating":[104,229],"role":[105,230,336,554],"environment":[106,339],"plays":[107],"link":[111],"between":[112,143],"firm":[116,147,267,332],"performance.":[117,268],"know":[119],"environments":[121,151,164,175],"can":[122],"have":[123,496,545],"significant":[125],"impact,":[126],"however":[127],"nature":[129],"impact":[132,323],"unresolved":[134],"(Powell,":[135],"1996).":[136],"Some":[137],"find":[139,158],"stronger":[141,160],"association":[142,161],"performance":[148,236,333],"stable":[150],"(Fredrickson":[152],"Mitchell,":[154],"1984)":[155],"others":[157],"unstable":[163],"(Miller":[165],"Friesen,":[167],"1983).":[168],"Other":[169],"variables":[171],"impacted":[172],"by":[173,320,518,562],"dynamic":[174],"(defined":[176],"high":[179],"rate":[180],"change":[182],"uncertainty)":[184],"are":[185,364,431,503,538],"teams'":[188],"ability":[189,195],"to":[190,196,252,378,394,478,556],"make":[191],"fast":[192],"decisions,":[193],"information":[198],"(Eisenhardt,":[199],"1989),":[200],"minimize":[201],"politics,":[202],"their":[204,463,549,553],"history":[205],"working":[207],"together":[208],"(Bourgeois":[209],"Eisenhardt,":[211],"1988).":[212],"Again":[213],"investigations":[218],"also":[226],"consider":[227],"dynamism":[232],"relationships":[237],"where":[238],"greater":[240],"required.":[246],"Finally,":[247],"despite":[248],"long-standing":[250],"call":[251,273],"multiple":[254],"dimensions":[255,330,392],"performance,":[257],"there":[258],"has":[259,270,288],"been":[260,271,289],"financial":[264],"definitions":[265],"There":[269],"conceptualization":[276,294],"outcomes":[278],"than":[280],"economic":[281],"measures":[282],"(Venkatraman":[283],"Ramanujam,":[285],"1986).":[286],"It":[287],"proposed":[290],"will":[297,469],"be":[298],"more":[299],"meaningful":[300],"context":[303],"research":[307,319],"(Rajagopalan":[308],"1993).":[311],"This":[312],"study":[313],"addresses":[314],"gaps":[316],"previous":[318],"investigating":[321],"different":[325,329,447],"relationships.":[342],"following":[345],"two":[346,493],"sections":[347],"we":[348],"first":[349],"summarize":[350],"Hart's":[351,443],"(1992)":[352,387],"integrative":[353],"framework":[354,382],"subsequently":[356],"present":[357],"logic":[359],"behind":[360],"hypotheses":[362],"tested":[365],"investigation.":[368],"HART'S":[369],"INTEGRATIVE":[370],"FRAMEWORK":[371],"OF":[372],"STRATEGY":[373],"PROCESSES":[374],"an":[376,510,564],"attempt":[377],"provide":[379],"comprehensive":[381],"processes,":[385,514],"Hart":[386],"integrates":[388],"themes":[390],"used":[393],"characterize":[395],"from":[398],"previously":[399],"published":[400],"typologies.":[401],"He":[402],"presents":[403],"five":[404,428],"types":[405],"reflect":[409],"complementary":[411],"roles":[412,448],"managers":[415],"organizational":[417,456,490],"play":[419,458],"making":[422,460,543],"(1992:":[425],"333).":[426],"The":[427,492],"named":[432],"Command,":[433],"Symbolic,":[434],"Rational,":[435],"Transactive,":[436],"Generative.":[438],"Two":[439],"key":[440],"characteristics":[441],"typology":[444],"are:":[445],"strategy,":[461],"relative":[464,480],"levels":[465],"participation.":[467],"describe":[470],"each":[471],"they":[476],"relate":[477],"involvement":[481,502],"members.":[491],"most":[498],"command":[504,513],"symbolic":[507],"processes.":[508],"For":[509],"utilizing":[512],"driven":[517],"leader":[520],"small":[522],"Top":[526],"decides":[528],"controls":[530],"direction":[532],"firm.":[535],"Organizational":[536],"not":[539],"involved":[540],"decision":[542],"little":[546],"autonomy":[547],"choice":[550],"action;":[552],"obey.":[557],"Symbolic":[558],"drive":[560],"creating":[563],"implicit":[565],"control":[566],"system":[567],"based":[568],"shared":[570],"values,":[571],"meaning,":[572],"identity":[574],"become":[576],"embedded":[577],"fabric":[581],"organization.":[584],"\u2026":[585]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
