{"id":"https://openalex.org/W80988951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","title":"Why is it Hard to Read Arabic?","display_name":"Why is it Hard to Read Arabic?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W80988951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","mag":"80988951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222988","display_name":"Literacy studies","issn_l":"2214-000X","issn":["2214-000X","2214-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Literacy Studies","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2504341563","display_name":"Handbook of Arabic Literacy"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060816912","display_name":"Zohar Eviatar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-5872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-5872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zohar Eviatar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, University of Haifa, 31905, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, University of Haifa, 31905, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075296363","display_name":"Raphiq Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-7812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-7812"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raphiq Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, 31905, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, 31905, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060816912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8638,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96979405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"77","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14037","display_name":"Arabic Language Education Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic-reading","display_name":"Arabic reading","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-acquisition","display_name":"reading acquisition","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-speed","display_name":"reading speed","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diglossia","display_name":"diglossia","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic-orthography","display_name":"Arabic orthography","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-strategies","display_name":"reading strategies","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-hemispheres","display_name":"cerebral hemispheres","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skilled-readers","display_name":"skilled readers","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hebrew","display_name":"Hebrew language","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language","display_name":"English language","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150670947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43091","display_name":"Orthography","level":3,"score":0.8792888522148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.699602484703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6739670634269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.6135237812995911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504331141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59203","display_name":"Diglossia","level":3,"score":0.6051682233810425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78148190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8192","display_name":"Writing system","level":2,"score":0.5695681571960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91304198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9288","display_name":"Hebrew","level":2,"score":0.48582908511161804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46938344836235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46523919701576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132165367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34049","display_name":"Semitic languages","level":3,"score":0.4426230788230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222988","display_name":"Literacy studies","issn_l":"2214-000X","issn":["2214-000X","2214-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Literacy Studies","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9100000262260437}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W632729440","https://openalex.org/W650478982","https://openalex.org/W1596882232","https://openalex.org/W1653594171","https://openalex.org/W1967651308","https://openalex.org/W1970523617","https://openalex.org/W1977295450","https://openalex.org/W1977982770","https://openalex.org/W1984574940","https://openalex.org/W1986400808","https://openalex.org/W1987806638","https://openalex.org/W1993146168","https://openalex.org/W1997596886","https://openalex.org/W1998229849","https://openalex.org/W2014452611","https://openalex.org/W2024297060","https://openalex.org/W2026149176","https://openalex.org/W2028692195","https://openalex.org/W2028770380","https://openalex.org/W2035265474","https://openalex.org/W2043415018","https://openalex.org/W2044844394","https://openalex.org/W2045008956","https://openalex.org/W2052317263","https://openalex.org/W2057328902","https://openalex.org/W2060211614","https://openalex.org/W2066380143","https://openalex.org/W2069110730","https://openalex.org/W2069738095","https://openalex.org/W2077836126","https://openalex.org/W2093038122","https://openalex.org/W2103070508","https://openalex.org/W2107795000","https://openalex.org/W2108638191","https://openalex.org/W2116945806","https://openalex.org/W2125211605","https://openalex.org/W2143709903","https://openalex.org/W2145779093","https://openalex.org/W2146948577","https://openalex.org/W2153080335","https://openalex.org/W2154415882","https://openalex.org/W2154600138","https://openalex.org/W2155082337","https://openalex.org/W2156596642","https://openalex.org/W2157763940","https://openalex.org/W2161494103","https://openalex.org/W2172057406","https://openalex.org/W2242176305","https://openalex.org/W2477758153","https://openalex.org/W2984197669","https://openalex.org/W3006289867","https://openalex.org/W3094531285","https://openalex.org/W4240298715","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6690083390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589889951","https://openalex.org/W2067626114","https://openalex.org/W2024773109","https://openalex.org/W2625284282","https://openalex.org/W2809328479","https://openalex.org/W2161167819","https://openalex.org/W1993146168","https://openalex.org/W2065589354","https://openalex.org/W1985712375","https://openalex.org/W3164224660"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
