{"id":"https://openalex.org/W806900392","doi":null,"title":"The neighbourhood physical environment: Relationships with physical activity and depression in adults in the United Kingdom","display_name":"The neighbourhood physical environment: Relationships with physical activity and depression in adults in the United Kingdom","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W806900392","mag":"806900392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1457527","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1457527/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075239095","display_name":"Jemima C. Stockton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-2848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-2848"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jemima Stockton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-2848","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075239095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.6381999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.6381999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.3515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.007799999788403511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-spaces","display_name":"green spaces","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-quality","display_name":"environmental quality","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-deprivation","display_name":"environmental deprivation","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walkability","display_name":"walkability","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/area-deprivation","display_name":"area deprivation","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-factors","display_name":"sociodemographic factors","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whitehall-ii-study","display_name":"Whitehall II study","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-survey-for-england","display_name":"Health Survey for England","score":0.9020000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161677786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2478475","display_name":"Neighbourhood (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.8724712133407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780814631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2822691","display_name":"Walkability","level":3,"score":0.8374100923538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.6373971700668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.5628371238708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5360831022262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.47807860374450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.46429285407066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39169904589653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.35673901438713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3204430341720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2882242798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.23956003785133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13822180032730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.10820099711418152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10754448175430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1457527","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1457527/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:806900392","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1457527/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.979200005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.7646999955177307,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":168,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48005563","https://openalex.org/W111133774","https://openalex.org/W184399705","https://openalex.org/W202456592","https://openalex.org/W608627934","https://openalex.org/W1484775731","https://openalex.org/W1485881041","https://openalex.org/W1504518491","https://openalex.org/W1528748012","https://openalex.org/W1546055803","https://openalex.org/W1552677387","https://openalex.org/W1568390176","https://openalex.org/W1596333373","https://openalex.org/W1678965112","https://openalex.org/W1744548356","https://openalex.org/W1892403428","https://openalex.org/W1963629293","https://openalex.org/W1963833765","https://openalex.org/W1964853204","https://openalex.org/W1966923891","https://openalex.org/W1967045445","https://openalex.org/W1967823327","https://openalex.org/W1971816555","https://openalex.org/W1973443397","https://openalex.org/W1973588534","https://openalex.org/W1973749534","https://openalex.org/W1974676486","https://openalex.org/W1978016032","https://openalex.org/W1981179562","https://openalex.org/W1981913661","https://openalex.org/W1984997787","https://openalex.org/W1985255458","https://openalex.org/W1987233492","https://openalex.org/W1988660926","https://openalex.org/W1989076278","https://openalex.org/W1991705059","https://openalex.org/W1992310105","https://openalex.org/W1995053509","https://openalex.org/W1998190718","https://openalex.org/W2003036797","https://openalex.org/W2003870261","https://openalex.org/W2003909606","https://openalex.org/W2005516796","https://openalex.org/W2005971397","https://openalex.org/W2005980898","https://openalex.org/W2007157531","https://openalex.org/W2009262796","https://openalex.org/W2012985419","https://openalex.org/W2014621064","https://openalex.org/W2015511715","https://openalex.org/W2020185837","https://openalex.org/W2021057177","https://openalex.org/W2023046147","https://openalex.org/W2024210029","https://openalex.org/W2025547609","https://openalex.org/W2029777978","https://openalex.org/W2030353587","https://openalex.org/W2030525378","https://openalex.org/W2031538046","https://openalex.org/W2035165908","https://openalex.org/W2035882378","https://openalex.org/W2045258300","https://openalex.org/W2046082414","https://openalex.org/W2048400826","https://openalex.org/W2055641838","https://openalex.org/W2059205334","https://openalex.org/W2060338923","https://openalex.org/W2061547907","https://openalex.org/W2064145976","https://openalex.org/W2067705141","https://openalex.org/W2068208536","https://openalex.org/W2069513164","https://openalex.org/W2070638955","https://openalex.org/W2072838178","https://openalex.org/W2074195566","https://openalex.org/W2076555382","https://openalex.org/W2076707496","https://openalex.org/W2078464375","https://openalex.org/W2081425623","https://openalex.org/W2084005109","https://openalex.org/W2087062642","https://openalex.org/W2087238460","https://openalex.org/W2090841800","https://openalex.org/W2091435714","https://openalex.org/W2095310182","https://openalex.org/W2095852853","https://openalex.org/W2096173318","https://openalex.org/W2096912599","https://openalex.org/W2097133198","https://openalex.org/W2098908905","https://openalex.org/W2099283596","https://openalex.org/W2099370468","https://openalex.org/W2099761293","https://openalex.org/W2100617756","https://openalex.org/W2100833844","https://openalex.org/W2101471529","https://openalex.org/W2104978064","https://openalex.org/W2105866098","https://openalex.org/W2106130024","https://openalex.org/W2107079608","https://openalex.org/W2108853246","https://openalex.org/W2109248649","https://openalex.org/W2109286669","https://openalex.org/W2109477969","https://openalex.org/W2109610198","https://openalex.org/W2110246610","https://openalex.org/W2111284128","https://openalex.org/W2112407917","https://openalex.org/W2113376794","https://openalex.org/W2115280219","https://openalex.org/W2115522350","https://openalex.org/W2118659222","https://openalex.org/W2119616510","https://openalex.org/W2120962716","https://openalex.org/W2121170213","https://openalex.org/W2121248921","https://openalex.org/W2121968279","https://openalex.org/W2123015552","https://openalex.org/W2123098658","https://openalex.org/W2125840381","https://openalex.org/W2126422123","https://openalex.org/W2126721966","https://openalex.org/W2127890995","https://openalex.org/W2130546063","https://openalex.org/W2135871121","https://openalex.org/W2136342041","https://openalex.org/W2136525626","https://openalex.org/W2138428606","https://openalex.org/W2139236032","https://openalex.org/W2139886755","https://openalex.org/W2141307005","https://openalex.org/W2141644033","https://openalex.org/W2143696727","https://openalex.org/W2144512297","https://openalex.org/W2144852094","https://openalex.org/W2145880514","https://openalex.org/W2148161863","https://openalex.org/W2148474063","https://openalex.org/W2149309306","https://openalex.org/W2149577438","https://openalex.org/W2150412048","https://openalex.org/W2153539202","https://openalex.org/W2154244064","https://openalex.org/W2155467249","https://openalex.org/W2156582711","https://openalex.org/W2157092800","https://openalex.org/W2157096289","https://openalex.org/W2158822760","https://openalex.org/W2159555260","https://openalex.org/W2160813933","https://openalex.org/W2160831154","https://openalex.org/W2161484264","https://openalex.org/W2165095836","https://openalex.org/W2165551854","https://openalex.org/W2165626243","https://openalex.org/W2165679377","https://openalex.org/W2166990706","https://openalex.org/W2168416875","https://openalex.org/W2169313154","https://openalex.org/W2170519791","https://openalex.org/W2170819656","https://openalex.org/W2171129594","https://openalex.org/W2227813149","https://openalex.org/W2254735081","https://openalex.org/W2329267010","https://openalex.org/W2890080136","https://openalex.org/W2993191387","https://openalex.org/W3022732902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2914229911","https://openalex.org/W4389621910","https://openalex.org/W2744610156","https://openalex.org/W2224024588","https://openalex.org/W2523626633","https://openalex.org/W2064993888","https://openalex.org/W2097665656","https://openalex.org/W7101144135","https://openalex.org/W2772366587","https://openalex.org/W4405811155"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"The":[1],"impact":[2],"of":[3,40,51,70,97,127,134,193,199,214,232,262,266,280],"neighbourhood":[4,52,194,273],"physical":[5,8,41,44,207,229,281,286],"environments":[6,42,208],"on":[7,158,242],"activity":[9,56,287],"and":[10,46,57,78,100,140,149,173,181,184,228,236,252,288,294],"health":[11],"is":[12],"widely":[13],"acknowledged,":[14],"with":[15,43,47,175,254,256],"much":[16],"research":[17],"conducted":[18,75],"to":[19,29,167,189,197,201,285],"identify":[20],"key":[21],"factors.":[22],"Results":[23],"have":[24],"been":[25],"mixed,":[26],"partly":[27],"due":[28],"inconsistencies":[30],"in":[31,76,203,216,290,297],"how":[32,295],"neighbourhoods":[33,296],"are":[34,300],"defined.":[35,305],"This":[36,276],"thesis":[37,277],"examines":[38],"relationships":[39],"activity,":[45,230],"depression,":[48,255],"exploring":[49],"influence":[50],"operationalisation.":[53,274],"Method:":[54],"Physical":[55],"depression":[58,79,289],"outcomes":[59,80],"were":[60,81,92,111,222,268],"derived":[61,131],"from":[62,66,84,118,132,144],"a":[63,113,141,150,211,291],"sample":[64],"drawn":[65],"the":[67,71,85,119,135,145,191,239],"seventh":[68],"wave":[69],"Whitehall":[72],"II":[73],"study":[74],"2004/5,":[77],"also":[82],"taken":[83],"2008":[86,146],"Health":[87],"Survey":[88],"for":[89,177,210],"England.":[90],"Neighbourhoods":[91],"operationalised":[93],"at":[94],"three":[95],"levels":[96],"administrative":[98],"geography":[99],"as":[101],"residential":[102],"postcode-centred":[103],"GIS":[104],"software-computed":[105],"zones.":[106],"Four":[107],"main":[108],"exposure":[109,226],"variables":[110,227],"specified:":[112],"greenspace":[114],"measure":[115,126,152,168],"was":[116,130,153,165,187,250],"constructed":[117,154],"Generalised":[120],"Land":[121],"Use":[122],"Database;":[123],"an":[124],"objective":[125],"environmental":[128,248],"quality":[129,249,258],"metadata":[133],"Multiple":[136],"Environmental":[137],"Deprivation":[138],"Index,":[139],"subjective":[142],"one":[143],"Place":[147],"Survey;":[148],"walkability":[151],"using":[155],"GIS,":[156],"drawing":[157],"several":[159],"geographical":[160],"databases.":[161],"Multivariate":[162],"logistic":[163],"regression":[164],"used":[166],"statistical":[169],"associations":[170,221,267],"between":[171,224],"exposures":[172],"outcomes,":[174],"adjustment":[176],"individual-level":[178,233],"sociodemographic":[179,234],"factors":[180,235],"area-level":[182,237],"deprivation,":[183,238],"multilevel":[185],"modelling":[186],"performed":[188],"estimate":[190],"contribution":[192],"characteristics":[195],"relative":[196],"those":[198],"individuals":[200],"variation":[202,215],"outcomes.":[204,218],"Results:":[205],"Neighbourhood":[206],"accounted":[209],"small":[212],"proportion":[213],"all":[217,225],"Nevertheless,":[219],"significant":[220],"found":[223],"independently":[231,253],"direction":[240],"dependent":[241],"outcome":[243],"specification.":[244],"Only":[245],"objectively":[246],"measured":[247,301],"significantly":[251],"lower":[257],"giving":[259],"higher":[260],"odds":[261],"this":[263],"outcome.":[264],"Strengths":[265],"not":[269],"substantively":[270],"affected":[271],"by":[272],"Conclusion:":[275],"increases":[278],"understanding":[279],"environment":[282],"attributes":[283],"relevant":[284],"European":[292],"context":[293],"which":[298],"they":[299],"may":[302],"best":[303],"be":[304]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}