{"id":"https://openalex.org/W804550375","doi":null,"title":"Acquisition versus long-term retention of Japanese words and syntax by children and adults: Implications for the critical period hypothesis in second language learning.","display_name":"Acquisition versus long-term retention of Japanese words and syntax by children and adults: Implications for the critical period hypothesis in second language learning.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W804550375","mag":"804550375"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/186502","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035130613","display_name":"Paul D. Boswell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-3929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-3929"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul D. Boswell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-3929","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035130613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.37450000643730164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.37450000643730164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.364300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.18080000579357147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-period-hypothesis","display_name":"critical period hypothesis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-acquisition","display_name":"second language acquisition","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-as-a-second-language","display_name":"Japanese as a second language","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-versus-adults","display_name":"children versus adults","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-retention","display_name":"long-term retention","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgetting-rate","display_name":"forgetting rate","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary-retention","display_name":"vocabulary retention","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntactic-rules","display_name":"syntactic rules","score":0.7540000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.6545230150222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74672266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815859","display_name":"Language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.6366002559661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.5965210795402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5883997678756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.572237491607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5448886752128601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3826669156551361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.14862188696861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/186502","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)"},{"id":"mag:804550375","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/186502","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134359836","https://openalex.org/W182577741","https://openalex.org/W2802042678","https://openalex.org/W1994071826","https://openalex.org/W2127041292","https://openalex.org/W199494066","https://openalex.org/W2288978106","https://openalex.org/W2999292955","https://openalex.org/W2117099611","https://openalex.org/W4393086273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,60],"critical":[1],"period":[2],"hypothesis":[3],"for":[4,46,68,91,94,153],"second":[5],"language":[6,55,155],"learning,":[7],"which":[8,35],"states":[9],"that":[10],"young":[11],"children":[12,69,86],"learn":[13],"additional":[14],"languages":[15],"better":[16],"than":[17,93,116],"adults,":[18],"lacks":[19],"unambiguous":[20],"empirical":[21],"support":[22],"as":[23,25],"well":[24],"a":[26,54],"coherent":[27],"theoretical":[28],"model.":[29],"An":[30],"experimental":[31],"study":[32,64],"was":[33,111,126],"conducted":[34],"analyzed":[36],"child-adult":[37],"differences":[38,136],"in":[39,52,73,120,137,164],"difficulty":[40,82],"of":[41,48,62,83,134,141],"acquisition":[42,74],"and":[43,50],"long-term":[44,76],"retention":[45,110],"rules":[47,95],"syntax":[49,122],"words":[51,92],"Japanese,":[53],"unfamiliar":[56],"to":[57,80,113],"the":[58,81,85,103,106,114,121,124,127,132,138],"subjects.":[59],"results":[61,130,145],"this":[63],"found":[65],"no":[66],"advantage":[67,152],"over":[70],"adults":[71],"either":[72],"or":[75],"memory.":[77],"However,":[78],"relative":[79],"acquisition,":[84,118],"had":[87],"lower":[88],"forgetting":[89,139],"rates":[90,140],"when":[96],"both":[97],"materials":[98],"were":[99],"learned":[100],"completely.":[101],"In":[102],"lexical":[104,165],"study,":[105,123],"children's":[107],"performance":[108],"at":[109,117,156],"closer":[112],"adults'":[115],"whereas":[119],"opposite":[125],"case.":[128],"These":[129],"confirm":[131],"existence":[133],"developmental":[135],"different":[142],"materials.":[143],"Such":[144],"imply":[146],"that,":[147],"if":[148],"there":[149],"is":[150],"an":[151,157],"learning":[154],"early":[158],"age,":[159],"it":[160],"might":[161],"be":[162],"localized":[163],"retention.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
