{"id":"https://openalex.org/W803874008","doi":null,"title":"A Rat Body Phantom for Radiation Analysis","display_name":"A Rat Body Phantom for Radiation Analysis","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W803874008","mag":"803874008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:803874008","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20100012761/downloads/20100012761.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111384117","display_name":"Garry D. Qualls","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garry D. Qualls","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035088465","display_name":"M. S. Clowdsley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Clowdsley","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001840728","display_name":"Tony C. Slaba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-2791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-2791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony C. Slaba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University Norfolk, Va., United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-2791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University Norfolk, Va., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103388314","display_name":"Steven A. Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven A. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University Norfolk, Va., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University Norfolk, Va., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.3986999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.3986999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11359","display_name":"Effects of Radiation Exposure","score":0.25949999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.22669999301433563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-phantoms","display_name":"computational phantoms","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-dosimetry","display_name":"radiation dosimetry","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-radiation","display_name":"space radiation","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronaut-radiation-exposure","display_name":"astronaut radiation exposure","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-quality-factor","display_name":"radiation quality factor","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-weighting-factor","display_name":"radiation weighting factor","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiological-risk-assessment","display_name":"radiation risk assessment","score":0.5329999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.8719141483306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.6826419234275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18231593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186161","display_name":"Ionizing radiation","level":3,"score":0.6216647028923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5145627856254578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48338571190834045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.44559362530708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018325918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663611","display_name":"Low earth orbit","level":3,"score":0.4401299059391022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125118446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690200","display_name":"Radiobiology","level":3,"score":0.41876375675201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.39468592405319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3374297618865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.30636894702911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.29343968629837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.19621604681015015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.12559774518013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11178645491600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.10953912138938904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0813998281955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:803874008","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20100012761/downloads/20100012761.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517492186","https://openalex.org/W1987451477","https://openalex.org/W2021036023","https://openalex.org/W2063018753","https://openalex.org/W2086394495","https://openalex.org/W2087991568","https://openalex.org/W2099608879","https://openalex.org/W2101923202","https://openalex.org/W3118771368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6999351708","https://openalex.org/W2060215265","https://openalex.org/W2065624896","https://openalex.org/W2167899630","https://openalex.org/W1599260085","https://openalex.org/W4324107051","https://openalex.org/W2035762154","https://openalex.org/W2012524691","https://openalex.org/W26476126","https://openalex.org/W2089125538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,35],"reduce":[1,86],"the":[2,7,37,87,153],"uncertainties":[3],"associated":[4,89],"with":[5,65,90],"estimating":[6],"biological":[8],"effects":[9,39,121],"of":[10,109,129,152],"ionizing":[11],"radiation":[12,38,70,73,117,164,174],"in":[13,20,42,135],"tissue,":[14],"researchers":[15],"rely":[16],"on":[17,40],"laboratory":[18,103],"experiments":[19],"which":[21,156],"mono-energetic,":[22],"single":[23],"specie":[24],"beams":[25],"are":[26,50,61,99,134,169],"applied":[27],"to":[28,52,68,85,94,101,115,162],"cell":[29],"cultures,":[30],"insects,":[31],"and":[32,63,76,104,111,119,125,131],"small":[33],"animals.":[34],"estimate":[36],"astronauts":[41],"deep":[43],"space":[44,105,173],"or":[45],"low":[46],"Earth":[47],"orbit,":[48],"who":[49],"exposed":[51],"mixed":[53],"field":[54],"broad":[55],"spectrum":[56],"radiation,":[57],"these":[58],"experimental":[59],"results":[60,168],"extrapolated":[62],"combined":[64],"other":[66,77],"data":[67],"produce":[69],"quality":[71],"factors,":[72,75],"weighting":[74],"risk":[78],"related":[79],"quantities":[80],"for":[81,171],"humans.":[82],"One":[83],"way":[84],"uncertainty":[88],"such":[91],"extrapolations":[92],"is":[93,122,145],"utilize":[95],"analysis":[96,165],"tools":[97],"that":[98,157],"applicable":[100],"both":[102],"environments.":[106,175],"The":[107],"use":[108,136],"physical":[110],"computational":[112,142],"body":[113],"phantoms":[114,133],"predict":[116],"exposure":[118],"its":[120],"well":[123,148],"established":[124],"a":[126,141,150],"wide":[127],"range":[128],"human":[130],"non-human":[132],"today.":[137],"In":[138],"this":[139],"paper,":[140],"rat":[143],"phantom":[144,158],"presented,":[146],"as":[147,149],"description":[151],"process":[154],"through":[155],"has":[159],"been":[160],"coupled":[161],"existing":[163],"tools.":[166],"Sample":[167],"presented":[170],"two":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}