{"id":"https://openalex.org/W79394677","doi":null,"title":"SMDP homomorphisms: an algebraic approach to abstraction in semi-Markov decision processes","display_name":"SMDP homomorphisms: an algebraic approach to abstraction in semi-Markov decision processes","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W79394677","mag":"79394677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.102.4012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.102.4012","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dli.iiit.ac.in/ijcai/IJCAI-2003/PDF/145.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009374923","display_name":"Balaraman Ravindran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-7639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-7639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balaraman Ravindran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-7639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089808068","display_name":"Andrew G. Barto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3581-1896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3581-1896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew G. Barto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94331984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1011","last_page":"1016"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.6050000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.6050000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.0494999997317791,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.03840000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-markov-decision-process","display_name":"semi-Markov decision process","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphisms","display_name":"homomorphisms","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"abstraction","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-methods","display_name":"algebraic methods","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-agents","display_name":"learning agents","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-abstraction","display_name":"model abstraction","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making-under-uncertainty","display_name":"decision making under uncertainty","score":0.5320000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.8600175380706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7455917596817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.7158086895942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4042151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215111","display_name":"Homomorphism","level":2,"score":0.6867138147354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5544396042823792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5538788437843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115988155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3262192","display_name":"Decision problem","level":2,"score":0.4243926405906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9376300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817","display_name":"Algebraic number","level":2,"score":0.4165354371070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.3976336717605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3526793122291565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3237203359603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3116641640663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17108675837516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.07491561770439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.07341122627258301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.102.4012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.102.4012","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dli.iiit.ac.in/ijcai/IJCAI-2003/PDF/145.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.12.5851","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.12.5851","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-anw.cs.umass.edu/~ravi/IJCAI03.pdf.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:79394677","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ijcai.org/Proceedings/03/Papers/145.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419999","display_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151521611","https://openalex.org/W1533853869","https://openalex.org/W1534331386","https://openalex.org/W1604363237","https://openalex.org/W1650504995","https://openalex.org/W1688218840","https://openalex.org/W1800916125","https://openalex.org/W1988217924","https://openalex.org/W2001729196","https://openalex.org/W2006553351","https://openalex.org/W2020294948","https://openalex.org/W2058735307","https://openalex.org/W2059677035","https://openalex.org/W2075379212","https://openalex.org/W2109910161","https://openalex.org/W2121517924","https://openalex.org/W2121723232","https://openalex.org/W2158548602","https://openalex.org/W2293920177","https://openalex.org/W2323009482"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564393562","https://openalex.org/W7097197202","https://openalex.org/W175470975","https://openalex.org/W2397240726","https://openalex.org/W13310149","https://openalex.org/W2902272628","https://openalex.org/W136366603","https://openalex.org/W7099617017","https://openalex.org/W7096945523","https://openalex.org/W1893871610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"operate":[1],"effectively":[2],"in":[3,33,95],"complex":[4],"environments":[5],"learning":[6],"agents":[7],"require":[8],"the":[9,25,48,101,108,118,135],"ability":[10],"to":[11,134],"selectively":[12],"ignore":[13],"irrelevant":[14],"details":[15],"and":[16,53,75],"form":[17],"useful":[18,31,59],"abstractions.":[19],"In":[20],"this":[21],"article":[22],"we":[23,99,122],"consider":[24],"question":[26],"of":[27,50,65,91,106,127],"what":[28],"constitutes":[29],"a":[30,34,41,58,62,125],"abstraction":[32,66,77,121],"stochastic":[35],"sequential":[36],"decision":[37],"problem":[38],"modeled":[39],"as":[40,132],"semi-Markov":[42],"Decision":[43],"Process":[44],"(SMDPs).":[45],"We":[46,69,86,114],"introduce":[47],"notion":[49],"SMDP":[51,72,84],"homomorphism":[52],"argue":[54],"that":[55,93,117],"it":[56],"provides":[57],"tool":[60],"for":[61,67,79,104,120],"rigorous":[63],"study":[64],"SMDPs.":[68],"present":[70],"an":[71,76],"minimization":[73],"framework":[74,78,103],"factored":[80],"MDPs":[81],"based":[82],"on":[83],"homomorphisms.":[85],"also":[87,115],"model":[88],"different":[89],"classes":[90],"abstractions":[92],"arise":[94],"hierarchical":[96],"systems.":[97],"Although":[98],"use":[100],"options":[102,136],"purposes":[105],"illustration,":[107],"ideas":[109],"are":[110,124],"more":[111],"generally":[112],"applicable.":[113],"show":[116],"conditions":[119],"employ":[123],"generalization":[126],"earlier":[128],"work":[129],"by":[130],"Dietterich":[131],"applied":[133],"framework.":[137],"1":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
