{"id":"https://openalex.org/W785820834","doi":null,"title":"THE EFFICIENCY EFFECTS OF RAILROAD DEREGULATION IN THE UNITED STATES","display_name":"THE EFFICIENCY EFFECTS OF RAILROAD DEREGULATION IN THE UNITED STATES","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W785820834","mag":"785820834"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:785820834","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-efficiency-effects-of-railroad-deregulation-in-the-united-sta","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764497561","display_name":"Rivista Internazionale de Economia dei Trasporti","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Rivista Internazionale de Economia dei Trasporti","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003738668","display_name":"C C Barnekov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C C Barnekov","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039556791","display_name":"Andrew N. Kleit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-4436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-4436"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew N. Kleit","raw_affiliation_strings":["John and Willie Leone Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering (EME)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-4436","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"John and Willie Leone Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering (EME)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.6696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96479054,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"21","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11599","display_name":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12725","display_name":"Railways and European Transport Policy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/railway-deregulation","display_name":"railroad deregulation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficiency-improvement","display_name":"efficiency improvement","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/railway-rates","display_name":"railroad rates","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/railway-regulation","display_name":"railroad regulation","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freight-transport","display_name":"freight transport","score":0.3499999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78780426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902410","display_name":"Deregulation","level":2,"score":0.9845260381698608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6047069430351257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5354310274124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986452759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7142599","display_name":"Rail traffic","level":2,"score":0.44448143243789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.36846184730529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3644130229949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14666002988815308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.08381828665733337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:785820834","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-efficiency-effects-of-railroad-deregulation-in-the-united-sta","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764497561","display_name":"Rivista Internazionale de Economia dei Trasporti","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Rivista Internazionale de Economia dei Trasporti","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7207000255584717,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"score":0.48510000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W9100811","https://openalex.org/W1597739097","https://openalex.org/W2751002836","https://openalex.org/W82888767","https://openalex.org/W1995403425","https://openalex.org/W1599505087","https://openalex.org/W2130445643","https://openalex.org/W651373093","https://openalex.org/W2289159207","https://openalex.org/W2178428893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16],"Staggers":[1],"Act":[2],"of":[3,10,14,38,59],"1980":[4],"largely":[5],"ended":[6],"almost":[7],"a":[8,24],"century":[9],"U.S.":[11],"government":[12],"regulation":[13],"railroads.":[15],"paper":[17,55],"presents":[18],"evidence":[19],"that":[20],"deregulation":[21,31,61],"has":[22,32],"had":[23],"positive":[25],"impact":[26],"on":[27,62],"the":[28,44,52,54],"economy.":[29],"Specifically,":[30],"generated":[33],"approximately":[34],"$15":[35],"billion":[36],"worth":[37],"annual":[39],"efficiency":[40],"gains,":[41],"contrary":[42],"to":[43],"relatively":[45],"modest":[46],"gains":[47],"estimated":[48],"previously.":[49],"In":[50],"performing":[51],"analysis,":[53],"examines":[56],"several":[57],"aspects":[58],"railroad":[60],"rail":[63],"rates.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}