{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7832185","doi":null,"title":"The GURU system in TREC-5","display_name":"The GURU system in TREC-5","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7832185","mag":"7832185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.51.2810","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.51.2810","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://trec.nist.gov/pubs/trec5/papers/ibm_trec5.ps","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072539007","display_name":"Yael Ravin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yael Ravin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072539007"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1003,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81053908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"500238","first_page":"427","last_page":"428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-ranking","display_name":"probabilistic ranking","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"query expansion","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term-correlation","display_name":"term correlation","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"information retrieval","score":0.414000004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7568645477294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.7488400936126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.7182996273040771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6533662676811218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6524140238761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12253","display_name":"Watson","level":2,"score":0.6214648485183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6108260154724121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062222","display_name":"Center (category theory)","level":2,"score":0.47510871291160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32612472772598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07633760571479797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.51.2810","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.51.2810","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://trec.nist.gov/pubs/trec5/papers/ibm_trec5.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:7832185","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/trec/trec1996.html#Ravin96","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421043","display_name":"Text REtrieval Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Text REtrieval Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102838806","https://openalex.org/W186219142","https://openalex.org/W14964350","https://openalex.org/W3027072126","https://openalex.org/W1600572248","https://openalex.org/W3014031776","https://openalex.org/W7007968942","https://openalex.org/W6990731389","https://openalex.org/W7095335616","https://openalex.org/W3027505234"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"robabilistic":[0],"ranking":[1],"uses":[2],"a":[3,15,37,63],"unique":[4],"feature":[5],"called":[6],"\"Lexical":[7],"Affinity\"":[8],"(LA).":[9],"LA":[10],"between":[11],"two":[12],"terms":[13],"is":[14,55,62,161],"correlation":[16],"measure":[17],"of":[18,31,34,45,77,94,113,116,128,155],"their":[19],"common":[20],"occurrences":[21,30,44,127],"in":[22,36],"text.":[23],"as":[24,57,126],"defined":[25],"by":[26,122,136],"Maareck":[27],"(1991).":[28],"The":[29,52,103,139],"correlated":[32],"pairs":[33],"words":[35,48],"document":[38],"are":[39,111,133],"ranked":[40],"higher":[41],"than":[42],"the":[43,46,78,91,123,129,137,143],"individual":[47],"over":[49],"greater":[50],"distances.":[51],"analyzed":[53],"query":[54,79,92,96,130],"expressed":[56],"an":[58],"\"F\"":[59,61],"statement.":[60],"formal":[64],"language":[65],"which":[66],"we":[67],"have":[68],"developed":[69],"for":[70],"specifying":[71],"different":[72],"search":[73,124,144],"operations":[74],"and":[75,109],"expansions":[76],"terms.":[80],"For":[81],"example:":[82],"label1":[83],"{":[84],"morph":[85],"(word1)":[86],"word2":[87,110],"}":[88],"determines":[89],"that":[90,107],"consists":[93],"one":[95,100],"term":[97],"(corresponding":[98],"to":[99,146,153],"label)":[101],".":[102],"curly":[104],"brackets":[105],"specify":[106],"word1":[108],"variants":[112],"it.":[114],"Occurrences":[115],"either":[117],"variant":[118],"will":[119],"be":[120],"treated":[121],"engine":[125,145],"term.":[131],"Variants":[132],"added":[134],"manually":[135],"user.":[138],"\"morph\"":[140],"operator":[141],"instructs":[142],"expand":[147],"each":[148],"word":[149],"within":[150],"its":[151,156],"scope":[152],"all":[154],"morphological":[157],"forms.":[158],"Morphological":[159],"expansion":[160]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
