{"id":"https://openalex.org/W782855730","doi":null,"title":"An evaluation of contractor projected and actual costs","display_name":"An evaluation of contractor projected and actual costs","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W782855730","mag":"782855730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:quod.lib.umich.edu:MIU01-011446788","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112106886101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064297","display_name":"University of Michigan Library Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112106886101","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076619870","display_name":"Kamil Kwiatkowski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamil Kwiatkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039524776","display_name":"Charles Buffalano","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Buffalano","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17256461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.7397000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.7397000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12779","display_name":"Public Procurement and Policy","score":0.12380000203847885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.05380000174045563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-plus-contracts","display_name":"cost-plus contracts","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-estimation-accuracy","display_name":"cost estimation accuracy","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forecast-horizon","display_name":"forecast horizon","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-error","display_name":"estimation error","score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-management","display_name":"contract management","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-control","display_name":"cost control","score":0.5389999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109168655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242988","display_name":"Liberian dollar","level":2,"score":0.8024044036865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93983250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795053","display_name":"Cost estimate","level":2,"score":0.5626674890518188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5113108158111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4592686891555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4412951171398163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.44110703468322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.43204957246780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.37541842460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.34440943598747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.08567249774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:quod.lib.umich.edu:MIU01-011446788","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112106886101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064297","display_name":"University of Michigan Library Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:782855730","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19740019340/downloads/19740019340.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:quod.lib.umich.edu:MIU01-011446788","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112106886101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064297","display_name":"University of Michigan Library Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2535916938","https://openalex.org/W4328029770","https://openalex.org/W2061610692","https://openalex.org/W7046008002","https://openalex.org/W1917383790","https://openalex.org/W333157737","https://openalex.org/W2951257252","https://openalex.org/W1593052487","https://openalex.org/W7095458635","https://openalex.org/W2071629441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"GSFC":[0],"contractors":[1],"with":[2,85,106],"cost-plus":[3,86],"contracts":[4,87],"provide":[5],"cost":[6],"estimates":[7,55,66],"for":[8,68,75,100],"each":[9],"of":[10,54,97],"the":[11,28,31,52,63,107],"next":[12],"four":[13],"quarters":[14],"on":[15],"a":[16,22],"quarterly":[17],"basis.":[18],"Actual":[19],"expenditures":[20],"over":[21],"two-year":[23],"period":[24],"were":[25,33],"compared":[26],"to":[27,38,45,114,116],"estimates,":[29],"and":[30,42,82],"data":[32],"sorted":[34],"in":[35,91],"different":[36,108],"ways":[37],"answer":[39],"several":[40],"questions":[41],"give":[43],"quantification":[44],"observations,":[46],"such":[47],"as":[48,57,94],"how":[49],"much":[50],"does":[51],"accuracy":[53],"degrade":[56],"they":[58],"are":[59],"made":[60,67],"further":[61],"into":[62],"future?":[64],"Are":[65],"small":[69],"dollar":[70,77],"amounts":[71],"more":[72],"accurate":[73],"than":[74],"large":[76],"estimates?":[78],"Other":[79],"government":[80],"agencies":[81],"private":[83],"companies":[84],"may":[88],"be":[89],"interested":[90],"this":[92],"analysis":[93],"potential":[95],"methods":[96,109],"contract":[98],"management":[99],"their":[101],"organizations.":[102],"It":[103],"provides":[104],"them":[105],"one":[110],"organization":[111],"is":[112],"beginning":[113],"use":[115],"control":[117],"costs.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}