{"id":"https://openalex.org/W77174392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2002-00204","title":"Early employment careers of people with disabilities in the National Child Development Study","display_name":"Early employment careers of people with disabilities in the National Child Development Study","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W77174392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2002-00204","mag":"77174392","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12441593"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/wor-2002-00204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2002-00204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2002-00204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130455057","display_name":"Work","issn_l":"1051-9815","issn":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013838097","display_name":"Doria Pilling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726869","display_name":"City St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/047ybhc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Doria S. Pilling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rehabilitation Resource Centre, City University,\r\t\t\t Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK. Tel.: +44 20 8992 4302; Fax: +44 20\r\t\t\t 8992 4302; E-mail: D.S. Pilling@city.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rehabilitation Resource Centre, City University,\r\t\t\t Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK. Tel.: +44 20 8992 4302; Fax: +44 20\r\t\t\t 8992 4302; E-mail: D.S. Pilling@city.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013838097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2498,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84903614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"75","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability","display_name":"disability","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment","display_name":"employment","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-career","display_name":"early career","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-child-development-study","display_name":"National Child Development Study","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-qualifications","display_name":"academic qualifications","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocational-qualifications","display_name":"vocational qualifications","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings","display_name":"earnings","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-discrimination","display_name":"wage discrimination","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-retention","display_name":"job retention","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-placement-assistance","display_name":"job placement assistance","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-disability","display_name":"physical disability","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-adults","display_name":"young adults","score":0.44999998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.8413548469543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.7873622179031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C668760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6869278","display_name":"Vocational education","level":2,"score":0.7658059597015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5936177968978882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5782065391540527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.4357345700263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.43229323625564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3618462085723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.1967410445213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.18366411328315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18117153644561768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.17846021056175232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11822554469108582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.08043378591537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002657","descriptor_name":"Child Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004522","descriptor_name":"Educational Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004651","descriptor_name":"Employment","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006233","descriptor_name":"Persons with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012923","descriptor_name":"Social Class","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/wor-2002-00204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2002-00204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2002-00204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130455057","display_name":"Work","issn_l":"1051-9815","issn":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12441593","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12441593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Work (Reading, Mass.)","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.9629999995231628},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.9211000204086304},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5385000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404567470","https://openalex.org/W2558404561","https://openalex.org/W2945240698","https://openalex.org/W2061156734","https://openalex.org/W2177892279","https://openalex.org/W4401989699","https://openalex.org/W3199474695","https://openalex.org/W1810482356","https://openalex.org/W4387937769","https://openalex.org/W1964565163"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"compare":[2],"the":[3,27,42,70,88,91,122,160],"early":[4],"employment":[5,18,71,111,129],"careers":[6],"of":[7,19,29,37,48,72,78,90,106,128,162,190],"people":[8,21,51,73,99],"with":[9,22,74,96,100,116,136,151,169,192],"disabilities":[10,23,75,101,118],"and":[11,31,58,63,76,108,113,130,140,149,164,182],"their":[12,79,146],"non-disabled":[13,80,147],"contemporaries.":[14],"STUDY":[15],"DESIGN:":[16],"The":[17,33],"436":[20],"was":[24],"investigated":[25],"between":[26],"ages":[28],"23":[30],"33.":[32],"sample":[34,92],"were":[35,66,102],"part":[36],"a":[38,193],"continuing":[39],"longitudinal":[40],"study,":[41],"National":[43],"Child":[44],"Development":[45],"Study":[46],"(NCDS),":[47],"some":[49,188],"17,000":[50],"born":[52],"during":[53],"one":[54],"week":[55],"in":[56,60,104,126],"1958":[57],"living":[59],"England,":[61],"Wales":[62],"Scotland.":[64],"Cross-tabulations":[65],"carried":[67],"out":[68],"comparing":[69],"that":[77],"counterparts":[81,148],"using":[82],"SPSS":[83],"for":[84,167,171,177,183,187],"Windows.":[85],"RESULTS:":[86],"Despite":[87],"majority":[89],"not":[93],"having":[94],"difficulties":[95],"everyday":[97],"activities":[98],"disadvantaged":[103],"terms":[105,127],"educational":[107,139,163],"vocational":[109,141,165],"qualifications,":[110],"rates":[112],"earnings.":[114],"Those":[115],"physical":[117],"fared":[119],"better":[120],"than":[121],"other":[123],"disability":[124],"groups":[125,189],"earnings,":[131],"among":[132],"this":[133],"group":[134],"men":[135],"'below":[137],"average'":[138,153],"qualifications":[142,154,166],"differing":[143,155],"most":[144],"from":[145],"women":[150],"'above":[152],"least.":[156],"CONCLUSIONS:":[157],"Findings":[158],"indicate":[159],"importance":[161],"those":[168,191],"disabilities,":[170],"more":[172],"emphasis":[173],"on":[174],"job":[175,184],"retention,":[176],"measures":[178],"against":[179],"wage":[180],"discrimination,":[181],"placement":[185],"assistance":[186],"disability.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
