{"id":"https://openalex.org/W770746005","doi":null,"title":"EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON STUDENT LEARNING AND SELF-EFFICACY IN SCIENCE","display_name":"EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON STUDENT LEARNING AND SELF-EFFICACY IN SCIENCE","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W770746005","mag":"770746005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalrepository.unm.edu:educ_ifce_etds-1024","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/educ_ifce_etds/25","pdf_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1024&context=educ_ifce_etds","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196368","display_name":"UNM\u2019s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","host_organization_name":"University of New Mexico","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1024&context=educ_ifce_etds","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088852045","display_name":"Carolyn J. Hushman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-0437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-0437"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carolyn Hushman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-0437","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088852045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instructional-guidance","display_name":"instructional guidance","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-self-efficacy","display_name":"science self-efficacy","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-design","display_name":"experimental design","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guided-instruction","display_name":"guided teaching","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-instruction","display_name":"direct instruction","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discovery-learning","display_name":"discovery learning","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-science","display_name":"elementary school science","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-science-learning","display_name":"children's science learning","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"replication","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5485835075378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110131835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153659","display_name":"Self-efficacy","level":2,"score":0.475847452878952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4387633502483368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.4230068624019623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41544464230537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3604786992073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1938595473766327}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalrepository.unm.edu:educ_ifce_etds-1024","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/educ_ifce_etds/25","pdf_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1024&context=educ_ifce_etds","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196368","display_name":"UNM\u2019s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","host_organization_name":"University of New Mexico","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.935.9386","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.935.9386","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://repository.unm.edu/bitstream/handle/1928/17482/DissertationFinal.pdf%3Bjsessionid%3DC103676D5A5BC773B9AA60F89B1121EC?sequence%3D1","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:770746005","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.unm.edu/handle/1928/17482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306478302","display_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalrepository.unm.edu:educ_ifce_etds-1024","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/educ_ifce_etds/25","pdf_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1024&context=educ_ifce_etds","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196368","display_name":"UNM\u2019s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","host_organization_name":"University of New Mexico","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9901999831199646}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W770746005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W770746005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131038430","https://openalex.org/W224144972","https://openalex.org/W1511479679","https://openalex.org/W1538468529","https://openalex.org/W1557598778","https://openalex.org/W1562208008","https://openalex.org/W1585818825","https://openalex.org/W1606308705","https://openalex.org/W1968221850","https://openalex.org/W1973179283","https://openalex.org/W1982210139","https://openalex.org/W1984705187","https://openalex.org/W1986305371","https://openalex.org/W1991379244","https://openalex.org/W2001712185","https://openalex.org/W2018931745","https://openalex.org/W2019291155","https://openalex.org/W2019403354","https://openalex.org/W2021914479","https://openalex.org/W2031102627","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2047257870","https://openalex.org/W2052118509","https://openalex.org/W2053121973","https://openalex.org/W2058751859","https://openalex.org/W2067179074","https://openalex.org/W2069068985","https://openalex.org/W2069445713","https://openalex.org/W2071060234","https://openalex.org/W2072629384","https://openalex.org/W2075063941","https://openalex.org/W2076437929","https://openalex.org/W2080867467","https://openalex.org/W2083129543","https://openalex.org/W2084931006","https://openalex.org/W2085012480","https://openalex.org/W2087107422","https://openalex.org/W2088118322","https://openalex.org/W2101586789","https://openalex.org/W2118598959","https://openalex.org/W2120123670","https://openalex.org/W2134049139","https://openalex.org/W2139559367","https://openalex.org/W2149417633","https://openalex.org/W2152850548","https://openalex.org/W2156855145","https://openalex.org/W2159233579","https://openalex.org/W2477882401","https://openalex.org/W2520660681","https://openalex.org/W2589909678","https://openalex.org/W2729224572"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1934409286","https://openalex.org/W2399982006","https://openalex.org/W2107824369","https://openalex.org/W2015644798","https://openalex.org/W2505735884","https://openalex.org/W156716071","https://openalex.org/W4297734794","https://openalex.org/W1625177943","https://openalex.org/W2058317896","https://openalex.org/W7099096464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,38],"investigated":[2],"whether":[3],"the":[4,34,48,51,65,93,134,165],"level":[5,52],"of":[6,29,36,50,53,92,129,155,172,227,268],"instructional":[7,161],"guidance":[8,54],"affected":[9],"student":[10],"learning":[11,261],"and":[12,17,42,106,119,142,163,215,230,240,247,270],"science":[13,144,207],"self-efficacy":[14,145,235],"when":[15],"nine-":[16],"ten-":[18],"year":[19],"old":[20],"children":[21,101,112,124,157,253],"learn":[22],"to":[23,40,57,90,152,191,200,237],"design":[24,59,171],"unconfounded":[25,180],"experiments":[26,62,181,228],"using":[27,182,198,212],"control":[28],"variable":[30],"strategies":[31],"(CVS).":[32],"Specifically,":[33],"goal":[35],"this":[37],"was":[39],"replicate":[41],"extend":[43],"prior":[44,139],"research":[45],"that":[46,63],"examines":[47],"impact":[49],"on":[55,258],"ability":[56],"successfully":[58],"scientifically":[60],"credible":[61],"isolate":[64],"relationship":[66],"between":[67],"two":[68],"variables":[69],"(Klahr":[70],"&":[71],"Nigam,":[72],"2004).":[73],"Sixty":[74],"children,":[75],"who":[76,219,254],"were":[77,84,210,264],"enrolled":[78],"in":[79,87,234,266],"a":[80,138,143,149,175,202,224],"summer":[81],"sports":[82],"program,":[83],"randomly":[85],"assigned":[86,160],"equal":[88],"numbers":[89],"one":[91],"three":[94],"following":[95],"conditions:":[96],"1)":[97,170],"guided":[98,221,248],"instruction,":[99,110],"where":[100,111,123],"received":[102,113,125,158,220],"instruction":[103,114,126,222,239,246,249],"with":[104,117],"examples":[105],"explanations;":[107],"2)":[108,174],"direct":[109,238,245],"through":[115,127,256],"lecture":[116],"examples;":[118],"3)":[120,184],"discovery":[121,241,257],"learning,":[122],"methods":[128],"self":[130],"discovery.":[131],"Before":[132],"starting":[133],"experiment,":[135],"participants":[136],"completed":[137,164],"knowledge":[140],"pretest":[141],"measure.":[146],"After":[147],"receiving":[148,244],"common":[150],"introduction":[151],"scientists":[153],"use":[154],"experiments,":[156],"their":[159],"treatment":[162],"outcomes.":[166],"The":[167],"outcomes":[168],"included:":[169],"experiments;":[173,193],"recall":[176],"measure":[177,187,197],"about":[178,188],"designing":[179],"CVS;":[183],"an":[185,195],"application":[186],"applying":[189],"CVS":[190,199],"scientific":[192,203],"4)":[194],"evaluation":[196],"evaluate":[201],"experiment;":[204],"and,":[205],"5)":[206],"self-efficacy.":[208],"Results":[209,263],"analyzed":[211],"one-way":[213],"ANOVAs":[214],"repeated-measures":[216],"ANOVA.":[217],"Children":[218,243],"designed":[223],"greater":[225,232],"percentage":[226],"correctly":[229],"had":[231],"changes":[233],"relative":[236],"learning.":[242],"performed":[250],"better":[251],"than":[252],"learned":[255],"all":[259],"other":[260],"measures.":[262],"interpreted":[265],"terms":[267],"theoretical":[269],"educational":[271],"implications.'":[272]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}