{"id":"https://openalex.org/W770743509","doi":null,"title":"Who is an American? The Construction of American Identity in the Utah Minuteman Project","display_name":"Who is an American? The Construction of American Identity in the Utah Minuteman Project","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W770743509","mag":"770743509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-4392","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005730525","display_name":"Michele Elizabeth Bendall","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michele Elizabeth Bendall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brigham Young Univ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brigham Young Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005730525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11397","display_name":"Populism, Right-Wing Movements","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11648","display_name":"Diaspora, migration, transnational identity","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-identity","display_name":"American identity","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illegal-immigration","display_name":"illegal immigration","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-immigrant-movement","display_name":"anti-immigrant movement","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-mexico-border","display_name":"U.S.-Mexico border","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/border-patrol","display_name":"border patrol","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patriotism","display_name":"patriotism","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assimilation","display_name":"assimilation","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-ethic","display_name":"work ethic","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-law","display_name":"rule of law","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undocumented-immigrants","display_name":"undocumented immigrants","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immigration-reform","display_name":"immigration reform","score":0.6430000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.683079719543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.5833711624145508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776546736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335979","display_name":"Fieldnotes","level":3,"score":0.5778750777244568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5240188837051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778407155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1880695","display_name":"National identity","level":3,"score":0.478784441947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.477573424577713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44060981273651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776786559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6241","display_name":"Patriotism","level":3,"score":0.43920302391052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4285631477832794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4282476305961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58063344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193579","display_name":"Cultural assimilation","level":3,"score":0.4147588014602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.4082675576210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.34120962023735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.22440698742866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179454799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151","display_name":"Ethnography","level":2,"score":0.1559908390045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.10981756448745728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-4392","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:770743509","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4392&context=etd","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124471991","https://openalex.org/W629525052","https://openalex.org/W1978493498","https://openalex.org/W2004443735","https://openalex.org/W2042483870","https://openalex.org/W2081155538","https://openalex.org/W2121801977","https://openalex.org/W2126928780","https://openalex.org/W2170506395","https://openalex.org/W2329624631","https://openalex.org/W2481845063","https://openalex.org/W2753221422","https://openalex.org/W2905821330","https://openalex.org/W2995760176","https://openalex.org/W3216274928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2276191276","https://openalex.org/W4230470228","https://openalex.org/W4236600405","https://openalex.org/W7039650228","https://openalex.org/W4234698268","https://openalex.org/W1550653554","https://openalex.org/W1737877910","https://openalex.org/W2557140799","https://openalex.org/W7062261435","https://openalex.org/W769781403"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,52],"Minuteman":[1,49],"Project":[2,50],"is":[3,127,133,168,214,219,241,299,318],"a":[4,80,98,134,288],"national":[5],"civilian":[6],"border":[7,17],"patrol":[8],"group,":[9],"founded":[10],"in":[11,121,159,185,253],"2005":[12],"to":[13,57,75,136,163,257,272,277,301],"defend":[14],"the":[15,25,29,47,62,69,86,92,95,122,125,147,153,155,160,164,180,202,210,221,231,246,269,293,296,307,314,327,330],"U.S.-Mexico":[16],"from":[18,264],"\"invasion\"":[19],"by":[20,34,179,208],"illegal":[21,119,131,140,224,258],"immigrants":[22,263],"and":[23,36,110,142,197,238,286,312],"protest":[24],"\"blatant":[26],"disregard":[27],"of":[28,31,44,88,94,100,124,149,166,187,212,223,248,291,309,316,329],"rule":[30],"law\"":[32],"exhibited":[33],"government":[35],"politicians.":[37],"This":[38],"study":[39,282],"explores":[40],"one":[41],"state":[42],"chapter":[43],"this":[45,281],"organization:":[46],"Utah":[48],"(UMP).":[51],"research":[53],"questions":[54],"I":[55,84],"seek":[56],"address":[58],"are:":[59],"Who":[60],"are":[61,146,324],"Minutemen?":[63],"What":[64],"motivates":[65],"them?":[66],"How":[67],"do":[68],"Minutemen":[70,126,203,232,294],"define":[71,273],"what":[72,117,274],"it":[73,275],"means":[74,276],"be":[76,183,278],"an":[77,169,216,242,279,319],"American?":[78],"Using":[79],"grounded":[81],"theory":[82],"approach,":[83],"explore":[85],"construction":[87],"American":[89,137,175,206,249,265],"identity":[90,207,250],"among":[91],"members":[93],"UMP":[96],"using":[97],"range":[99],"qualitative":[101],"data":[102],"sources:":[103],"in-depth":[104],"interviews":[105],"with":[106],"24":[107],"individuals,":[108],"fieldnotes,":[109],"primary":[111],"documents.":[112],"My":[113,171],"findings":[114,172],"suggest":[115,173],"that":[116,130,174,226,251,302,321],"problematizes":[118],"immigration":[120,132,141,225,310],"minds":[123],"their":[128],"view":[129],"threat":[135],"identity.":[138,266],"While":[139],"its":[143],"perceived":[144],"consequences":[145],"focus":[148],"much":[150],"attention":[151],"within":[152],"UMP,":[154],"central":[156],"motivating":[157],"factor":[158],"movement":[161],"relates":[162],"question":[165,211,315],"who":[167,213,240,317],"American.":[170,217,243],"identity,":[176],"as":[177,303],"defined":[178,205,234,236,239],"Minutemen,":[181],"can":[182],"understood":[184],"terms":[186],"four":[188],"main":[189],"concepts:":[190],"assimilation,":[191],"respect":[192],"for":[193],"law,":[194],"work":[195],"ethic,":[196],"patriotism.":[198],"In":[199],"many":[200],"ways,":[201],"have":[204,233],"answering":[209],"not":[215],"It":[218,298],"against":[220],"backdrop":[222],"anti-illegal":[227],"immigrant":[228],"movements":[229],"like":[230],"themselves,":[235],"America,":[237],"By":[244],"emphasizing":[245],"elements":[247],"stand":[252],"most":[254],"striking":[255],"contrast":[256],"immigration,":[259],"they":[260],"exclude":[261],"undocumented":[262],"Amidst":[267],"all":[268,322],"voices":[270,323,328],"seeking":[271],"American,":[280,320],"contributes":[283],"another":[284],"voice":[285],"provides":[287],"better":[289],"understanding":[290],"how":[292],"see":[295],"world.":[297],"important":[300],"our":[304],"country":[305],"confronts":[306],"challenges":[308],"reform":[311],"answers":[313],"heard,":[325],"including":[326],"Minutemen.":[331]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}