{"id":"https://openalex.org/W769491990","doi":null,"title":"Preferring Copies with No Originals: Does the Army Training Strategy Train to Fail?","display_name":"Preferring Copies with No Originals: Does the Army Training Strategy Train to Fail?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W769491990","mag":"769491990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:769491990","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-361848271/preferring-copies-with-no-originals-does-the-army","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764787750","display_name":"Military review","issn_l":"0026-4148","issn":["0026-4148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Military review","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008065248","display_name":"Ben Zweibelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-3726","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-3726"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ben Zweibelson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008065248"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09076187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14342","display_name":"Military, Security, and Education Studies","score":0.45210000872612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14342","display_name":"Military, Security, and Education Studies","score":0.45210000872612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.2921999990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13494","display_name":"Military History and Strategy","score":0.08889999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jean-baudrillard","display_name":"Jean Baudrillard","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-construction-of-knowledge","display_name":"social construction of knowledge","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peter-berger","display_name":"Peter Berger","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thomas-luckmann","display_name":"Thomas Luckmann","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-theory","display_name":"design theory","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutionalism","display_name":"institutionalism","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-reflection","display_name":"critical reflection","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-training","display_name":"adaptive training","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leader-development","display_name":"leader development","score":0.42500001192092896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780658912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877155","display_name":"BLISS","level":2,"score":0.684348464012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778732403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815577","display_name":"Ignorance","level":2,"score":0.5495424270629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5051351189613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47385933995246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.36130160093307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33143264055252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.32434260845184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2277582585811615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:769491990","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-361848271/preferring-copies-with-no-originals-does-the-army","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764787750","display_name":"Military review","issn_l":"0026-4148","issn":["0026-4148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Military review","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W75103341","https://openalex.org/W81103048","https://openalex.org/W7096142493","https://openalex.org/W241200421","https://openalex.org/W1588025910","https://openalex.org/W278294049","https://openalex.org/W2159375292","https://openalex.org/W219620536","https://openalex.org/W2141525513","https://openalex.org/W7099755087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"[ILLUSTRATION":[0],"OMITTED]":[1],"You":[2],"know,":[3],"I":[4,10,14,38,288],"know":[5,11,36],"this":[6,143,285,291,400],"steak":[7,618],"doesn't":[8],"exist.":[9],"that":[12,26,156,296,304,438,462,546,570,616],"when":[13,168],"put":[15],"it":[16,27,138,154,318,331,627],"in":[17,149,161,290,372,435,440,459,473,569,583],"my":[18,24],"mouth,":[19],"the":[20,46,94,124,135,229,244,265,431,474,480,483,489,494,503,509,518,554,577,588,607,610,617,623],"Matrix":[21,529,578,608,624],"is":[22,28,41,113,117,153,241,439,574,620,625,628],"telling":[23],"brain":[25],"juicy":[29],"and":[30,61,90,96,101,115,132,261,269,301,316,388,411,419,457,497,506,557,586,603],"delicious.":[31],"After":[32],"nine":[33],"years,":[34],"you":[35],"what":[37,111,116,443],"realize?":[39],"Ignorance":[40],"bliss.":[42],"(1)":[43],"--Cypher":[44],"(From":[45],"motion":[47],"picture":[48,207],"The":[49,73,525,528],"Matrix)":[50],"THE":[51],"U.S.":[52,373],"ARMY":[53],"spends":[54],"a":[55,70,107,259,337,540,549,597,600],"vast":[56],"amount":[57],"of":[58,98,110,210,219,231,340,369,409,424,482,606],"energy,":[59],"resources,":[60,456],"time":[62,458],"on":[63,258,536],"training,":[131],"perpetually":[65],"seeking":[66],"improvements":[67],"to":[68,83,158,180,190,233,277,284,314,333,352,428,448,465,479,564],"forge":[69],"better":[71],"force.":[72],"latest":[74],"Army":[75,82,266,310,362,374,432],"Training":[76],"Strategy":[77],"(October":[78],"2012)":[79],"tasks":[80],"our":[81,120,162,237,252,309,378,394,446,454,466],"hold":[84],"commanders":[85],"responsible":[86],"for":[87,344,358,514],"training":[126,232],"units":[89],"developing":[91],"leaders":[92],"through":[93,516],"development":[95],"execution":[97],"progressive,":[99],"challenging,":[100],"realistic":[102],"training.":[103],"(2)":[104],"This":[105,182,566,592],"implies":[106],"shared":[108,614],"understanding":[109,615],"realistic,":[114],"not.":[118],"Although":[119],"strategy":[122,164,380],"employs":[123],"terms":[125],"realism,":[127],"replication,":[128],"operational":[194],"relevant":[130],"adaptive":[133],"throughout":[134],"short":[136],"document,":[137],"never":[139],"defines":[140],"or":[141,195,501],"differentiates":[142],"lexicon.":[144],"Without":[145],"any":[146,368],"contextual":[147],"depth":[148],"these":[150,211,326,370],"myriad":[151],"concepts,":[152],"possible":[155],"due":[157],"fundamental":[159],"flaws":[160],"we":[165,169,178,256,271,402,444,452,492,512,547,562],"are":[166,217,463,580],"unaware":[167],"conduct":[170,399],"unrealistic":[171],"instead?":[173],"In":[174],"other":[175],"words,":[176],"do":[177],"train":[179,313,471],"fail?":[181],"article":[183,292],"does":[184,365,377],"not":[185,248,366],"suggest":[186],"failure":[187],"with":[188,275,346,442],"respect":[189,276],"military":[191,222,334],"trainers,":[192],"tactics,":[193],"strategic":[196],"level":[197,263],"objectives;":[199],"one":[200],"must":[201],"look":[202],"at":[203,228,488],"an":[204,436,604],"even":[205,243,324],"bigger":[206],"above":[208],"all":[209],"things.":[212],"(3)":[213],"Our":[214],"centers":[216],"full":[218],"dynamic,":[220],"dedicated":[221],"professionals":[223],"who":[224],"might":[225,392],"take":[226],"offense":[227],"notion":[230],"fail;":[234],"however":[235],"if":[236],"overarching":[238,467],"philosophy":[240],"faulty,":[242],"best":[245],"efforts":[246],"will":[247],"matter.":[249],"To":[250,280,398,477],"contemplate":[251],"philosophy,":[254],"can":[255],"consider":[257,307],"holistic":[260,342],"ontological":[262],"how":[264,270,317,430],"approaches":[267,391,461],"think":[272],"about":[273],"thinking":[274],"training?":[278],"(4)":[279],"bring":[281],"some":[282],"context":[283],"abstract":[286],"proposal,":[287],"introduce":[289],"several":[293],"design":[294,356,363,383],"concepts":[295,371],"draw":[297,403],"from":[298,323,404],"post-modern":[299],"philosophical":[300],"sociological":[302],"fields":[303],"help":[305],"us":[306,472],"whether":[308],"may":[311],"inadvertently":[312],"fail,":[315],"has":[319,336],"effectively":[320],"insulated":[321],"itself":[322],"questioning":[325],"institutionalisms.":[327],"(5)":[328],"Design":[329],"as":[330,548],"relates":[332],"applications":[335,343],"broad":[338],"range":[339],"conceptual,":[341],"dealing":[345],"complexity,":[347],"although":[348],"most":[349],"services":[350],"attempt":[351],"brand":[353],"their":[354],"own":[355],"approach":[357,437],"self-relevant":[359],"concerns.":[360],"(6)":[361],"methodology":[364],"include":[367],"doctrine":[375],"nor":[376],"specifically":[381],"reference":[382,415],"theory.":[384],"However,":[385],"critical":[386],"reflection":[387],"holistic,":[389],"systemic":[390],"illustrate":[393],"shortfalls.":[396],"(7)":[397],"inquiry,":[401],"philosopher":[405],"Jean":[406],"Baudrillard's":[407,534,572],"concept":[408,423],"simulation":[410],"simulacra.":[412],"We":[413],"also":[414],"sociologists":[416],"Peter":[417],"Berger":[418],"Thomas":[420],"Luckmann's":[421],"collaborative":[422],"social":[425],"knowledge":[426],"construction,":[427],"demonstrate":[429],"potentially":[433],"trains":[434],"conflict":[441],"expect":[445],"accomplish.":[449],"(8)":[450],"Are":[451],"spending":[453],"energies,":[455],"detrimental":[464],"goals":[468],"because":[469],"they":[470],"wrong":[475],"ways?":[476],"return":[478],"plot":[481],"science":[484],"fiction":[485],"movie":[486],"quoted":[487],"beginning,":[490],"shall":[491],"swallow":[493,502],"red":[495],"pill":[496,505],"face":[498],"uncomfortable":[499],"truths,":[500],"blue":[504],"continue":[507],"enjoying":[508],"false":[510,544],"realities":[545],"create":[513],"ourselves":[515],"force":[519],"toward":[520],"national":[521],"policy":[522],"goals?":[523],"(9)":[524],"writers":[526],"behind":[527],"were":[530],"heavily":[531],"influenced":[532],"by":[533],"work":[535,573],"simulacra,":[537],"which":[538],"emphasizes":[539],"stark":[541],"contrast":[542],"between":[543,599],"society":[550,585],"often":[551],"prefer":[552],"over":[553],"painful,":[555],"bleak,":[556],"more":[558],"challenging":[559],"real":[560],"world":[561],"tend":[563],"avoid.":[565],"proves":[567],"useful":[568],"while":[571],"relatively":[575],"unknown,":[576],"movies":[579],"extremely":[581],"popular":[582],"Western":[584],"address":[587],"same":[589],"existential":[590],"concept.":[591],"article's":[593],"introductory":[594],"quote":[595],"features":[596],"conversation":[598],"treacherous":[601],"character":[602],"agent":[605],"where":[609],"conspirator":[611],"acknowledges":[612],"his":[613],"he":[619],"eating":[621],"within":[622],"imaginary;":[626],"fake":[629],"steak.":[630],"\u2026":[631]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}