{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7685231","doi":null,"title":"The problem of anorectal continence.","display_name":"The problem of anorectal continence.","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7685231","mag":"7685231","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1251044"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1251044","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1251044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Progress in pediatric surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060274738","display_name":"A. Holschneider","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A M Holschneider","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060274738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00036969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"85","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10418","display_name":"Pelvic floor disorders treatments","score":0.7949000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10418","display_name":"Pelvic floor disorders treatments","score":0.7949000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":0.1859000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12237","display_name":"Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies","score":0.009100000374019146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anorectal-continence","display_name":"anorectal continence","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/puborectalis-muscle","display_name":"puborectalis muscle","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-anal-sphincter","display_name":"internal anal sphincter","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectum","display_name":"rectum","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pelvic-floor-muscles","display_name":"pelvic floor muscles","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anorectal-angle","display_name":"anorectal angle","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectal-sensation","display_name":"rectal sensation","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defecation-reflex","display_name":"defecation reflex","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sphincter-relaxation","display_name":"sphincter relaxation","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectal-motility","display_name":"rectal motility","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7223340272903442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781102422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601133","display_name":"Internal anal sphincter","level":4,"score":0.6903538107872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777399655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379958","display_name":"External anal sphincter","level":4,"score":0.6608795523643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780877482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746416","display_name":"Sphincter","level":2,"score":0.6579720973968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781074409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158716","display_name":"Rectum","level":2,"score":0.6543161869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83974742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179405","display_name":"Reflex","level":2,"score":0.6068254709243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781244320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q813683","display_name":"Pelvic floor","level":2,"score":0.5962552428245544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88537330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424728","display_name":"Urethral sphincter","level":3,"score":0.5728572010993958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.533132791519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108797546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204015","display_name":"Defecation","level":2,"score":0.524263858795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992204568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127006","display_name":"Muscle relaxation","level":2,"score":0.4727538526058197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465231","display_name":"Anal canal","level":3,"score":0.46497488021850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776813522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147182","display_name":"Fecal incontinence","level":2,"score":0.44145312905311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778616789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q537123","display_name":"Levator ani","level":3,"score":0.44137224555015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.24641361832618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2045603096485138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.20405396819114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777085111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9386","display_name":"Urethra","level":2,"score":0.1835038661956787}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001003","descriptor_name":"Anal Canal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003672","descriptor_name":"Defecation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005769","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Motility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009130","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Smooth","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009132","descriptor_name":"Muscles","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012007","descriptor_name":"Rectum","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012018","descriptor_name":"Reflex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1251044","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1251044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Progress in pediatric surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:7685231","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1251044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60499232","https://openalex.org/W281852963","https://openalex.org/W1921728185","https://openalex.org/W1973312385","https://openalex.org/W1976148134","https://openalex.org/W2004045063","https://openalex.org/W2006792282","https://openalex.org/W2012198675","https://openalex.org/W2018818407","https://openalex.org/W2020333978","https://openalex.org/W2020771907","https://openalex.org/W2025848245","https://openalex.org/W2026394731","https://openalex.org/W2027988197","https://openalex.org/W2029128430","https://openalex.org/W2038278278","https://openalex.org/W2046096408","https://openalex.org/W2049623439","https://openalex.org/W2050591284","https://openalex.org/W2053129976","https://openalex.org/W2055979394","https://openalex.org/W2069095254","https://openalex.org/W2082658535","https://openalex.org/W2084351892","https://openalex.org/W2084367396","https://openalex.org/W2087257418","https://openalex.org/W2095873344","https://openalex.org/W2108104357","https://openalex.org/W2137196016","https://openalex.org/W2151801511","https://openalex.org/W2170633533","https://openalex.org/W2289122463","https://openalex.org/W2339773433","https://openalex.org/W2403681274","https://openalex.org/W4211098332","https://openalex.org/W4244558336","https://openalex.org/W6600399949","https://openalex.org/W6609462381","https://openalex.org/W6634537629","https://openalex.org/W6650431737"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2486394577","https://openalex.org/W2790236995","https://openalex.org/W2117554670","https://openalex.org/W2921150786","https://openalex.org/W2525327209","https://openalex.org/W4243304893","https://openalex.org/W2412988260","https://openalex.org/W2955817386","https://openalex.org/W2395228544","https://openalex.org/W4232876708"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Anorectal":[0],"continence":[1,64],"depends":[2,132,194],"on":[3,133,195],"the":[4,6,9,13,19,24,27,50,59,83,95,103,106,111,117,123,147,153,161,166,176,183,205,209,215,220,224],"rectum,":[5],"muscles":[7],"of":[8,18,26,63,66,92,98,105,122,127,165,175,190,198,204,219,228],"pelvic":[10],"floor,":[11],"and":[12,88,114,119,129,139,187,212],"anorectal":[14,112,154],"sphincters.":[15],"The":[16,55,125,142,172],"function":[17],"rectum":[20],"is":[21,58,146],"to":[22,33,45,156,223],"delay":[23],"passage":[25],"intestinal":[28,53],"contents":[29],"by":[30,182,202],"adapting":[31],"itself":[32],"propulsive":[34],"waves.":[35],"A":[36],"pressure":[37,157],"gradient":[38],"in":[39,151,208],"an":[40,196],"oral":[41],"direction":[42],"allows":[43],"stool":[44],"be":[46,180],"pushed":[47],"back":[48],"into":[49],"more":[51],"proximal":[52],"segments.":[54],"puborectalis":[56],"muscle":[57,62,134],"most":[60,148],"important":[61,149],"because":[65],"its":[67,72,100],"sensitivity":[68],"as":[69,71],"well":[70],"motor":[73,96],"activity.":[74],"In":[75],"contains":[76],"sensatory":[77],"receptor":[78],"organs":[79],"which":[80,102],"trigger":[81],"off":[82],"rectal":[84,217],"sphincter":[85,145,168,178],"reflex":[86,118,128],"mechanism":[87],"produce":[89],"a":[90],"feeling":[91],"fullness.":[93],"From":[94],"point":[97],"view,":[99],"contraction":[101],"assumption":[104],"erect":[107],"posture":[108],"will":[109,169],"cause":[110],"angle":[113],"with":[115,136],"it":[116],"voluntary":[120,130],"contractions":[121,131],"puborectalis.":[124],"association":[126],"fibres":[135],"different":[137,184],"biochemical":[138],"histochemical":[140],"properties.":[141],"internal":[143,167,177],"anal":[144],"factor":[150],"maintaining":[152],"barrier":[155],"at":[158],"rest.":[159],"At":[160],"same":[162],"time,":[163],"relaxation":[164],"initiate":[170],"defecation.":[171],"ambivalent":[173],"properties":[174,189],"can":[179],"explained":[181],"electrical,":[185],"pharmacological":[186],"histological":[188],"this":[191,229],"sphincter.":[192,230],"Relaxation":[193],"inhibition":[197],"electric":[199],"activities":[200],"initiated":[201],"stimulation":[203],"tension":[206],"receptors":[207],"parapuborectal":[210],"tissues":[211],"transmitted":[213],"via":[214],"lowest":[216],"ganglion":[218],"mesenteric":[221],"plexus":[222],"non-adrenergic":[225],"inhibiting":[226],"P-neurons":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}