{"id":"https://openalex.org/W76746871","doi":null,"title":"Clinical pharmacology and rationale of analgesic combinations.","display_name":"Clinical pharmacology and rationale of analgesic combinations.","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W76746871","mag":"76746871","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12785456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:12785456","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12785456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European journal of anaesthesiology. Supplement","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067282623","display_name":"Jules Alexandre Desmeules","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-1795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-1795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106256","display_name":"University Hospital of Geneva","ror":"https://ror.org/01m1pv723","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106256"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Desmeules","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology & Multidisciplinary Pain Centre, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. jules.desmeules@hcuge.ch","University Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology & Multidisciplinary Pain Centre, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. jules.desmeules@hcuge.ch","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106256"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000011411","display_name":"Victoria Rollason","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-6610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-6610"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Rollason","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052324687","display_name":"Val\u00e9rie Piguet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5830-9252","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5830-9252"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Piguet","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019857762","display_name":"Pierre Dayer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Dayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86070261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.8378999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.8378999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.15219999849796295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10196","display_name":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-analgesics","display_name":"oral analgesics","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tramadol","display_name":"tramadol","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paracetamol","display_name":"paracetamol","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetic-interactions","display_name":"pharmacokinetic interactions","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacodynamic-interactions","display_name":"pharmacodynamic interactions","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analgesic-synergy","display_name":"synergistic analgesia","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-toxicity-reduction","display_name":"drug toxicity reduction","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-pressor-pain","display_name":"cold pressor pain","score":0.8420000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780820201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173235","display_name":"Analgesic","level":2,"score":0.804728627204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111113717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725307","display_name":"Pharmacodynamics","level":3,"score":0.7320206761360168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778722691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57055","display_name":"Acetaminophen","level":2,"score":0.706234335899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6903364658355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407592","display_name":"Tramadol","level":3,"score":0.6888205409049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.590219259262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.425091952085495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.4035005271434784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3794437646865845}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000700","descriptor_name":"Analgesics","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004338","descriptor_name":"Drug Combinations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010601","descriptor_name":"Pharmacology, Clinical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:12785456","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12785456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European journal of anaesthesiology. Supplement","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unige.ch:unige:90108","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:90108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402259","display_name":"Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114457229","host_organization_name":"University of Geneva","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 0952-1941","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:76746871","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12785456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981046943","https://openalex.org/W1992220734","https://openalex.org/W1993188399","https://openalex.org/W2000047289","https://openalex.org/W2009053553","https://openalex.org/W2010347594","https://openalex.org/W2014634793","https://openalex.org/W2017795453","https://openalex.org/W2032341807","https://openalex.org/W2040840616","https://openalex.org/W2058075860","https://openalex.org/W2158655555","https://openalex.org/W2206860290","https://openalex.org/W4406058850"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2413041322","https://openalex.org/W2235570983","https://openalex.org/W4240107390","https://openalex.org/W1993908724","https://openalex.org/W7214926377","https://openalex.org/W7111251832","https://openalex.org/W2089502917","https://openalex.org/W2130676628","https://openalex.org/W2029684935","https://openalex.org/W2786906889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"OBJECTIVE:":[2],"Oral":[3],"fixed":[4],"drug":[5],"combination":[6,28,100,151,165,199],"analgesics":[7,29,166,200],"have":[8,146,207,223],"potential":[9],"advantages":[10],"over":[11],"monotherapy,":[12],"but":[13],"these":[14],"can":[15,167],"only":[16,204],"be":[17,118,196],"attained":[18],"through":[19],"careful":[20],"design.":[21],"RESULTS:":[22],"The":[23,51],"main":[24],"reasons":[25],"for":[26,54,66,220],"developing":[27],"are":[30,201],"to":[31,35,117,211],"gain":[32],"efficacy":[33,154],"and":[34,64,107,136,142,187,214,217,229],"reduce":[36],"toxicity.":[37],"Analgesic":[38,88],"combinations":[39,89,177,194],"interact":[40],"pharmacokinetically,":[41],"or":[42,44,48,104,183],"pharmacodynamically,":[43],"both,":[45],"in":[46,120,123,138,172],"positive":[47],"negative":[49],"terms.":[50],"t(max)":[52],"value":[53,203],"both":[55],"enantiomers":[56],"of":[57,98,114,130,159,202],"tramadol":[58,77,135],"occur":[59],"two":[60,92],"hours":[61],"following":[62],"administration,":[63],"that":[65,149],"the":[67,96,99,131,160,180],"active,":[68],"(+)-M1":[69],"metabolite":[70],"occurs":[71],"after":[72],"three":[73],"hours.":[74],"Thus,":[75],"pairing":[76],"with":[78,184],"acetaminophen,":[79],"a":[80,84,169],"rapid-onset":[81],"analgesic,":[82],"represents":[83],"pharmacokinetically":[85],"rational":[86,212],"combination.":[87,161],"should":[90,101,110,195],"satisfy":[91],"important":[93],"pharmacodynamic":[94,132,215],"criteria:":[95],"components":[97],"display":[102],"additive":[103],"synergistic":[105],"analgesia;":[106],"this":[108,150],"interaction":[109],"allow":[111],"lower":[112],"doses":[113],"each":[115],"substance":[116],"used":[119],"combination,":[121],"resulting":[122],"an":[124],"improved":[125],"safety":[126],"profile.":[127],"Clinical":[128],"studies":[129],"between":[133],"oral":[134],"acetaminophen":[137],"third":[139],"molar":[140],"extraction":[141],"cold":[143],"pressor":[144],"models":[145],"provided":[147],"evidence":[148],"provides":[152],"better":[153],"than":[155],"either":[156],"individual":[157],"component":[158],"CONCLUSIONS:":[162],"In":[163],"summary,":[164],"play":[168],"valuable":[170],"role":[171],"pain":[173],"management.":[174],"However,":[175],"dubious":[176],"(directed":[178],"against":[179],"same":[181],"targets":[182],"unwanted":[185],"interactions)":[186],"'old":[188],"fashioned'":[189],"fixed-dose":[190],"multiple":[191],"analgesic":[192],"agent":[193],"avoided.":[197],"Fixed-dose":[198],"when":[205,218],"they":[206],"been":[208,224],"developed":[209],"according":[210],"pharmacokinetic":[213],"criteria,":[216],"claims":[219],"their":[221],"benefits":[222],"supported":[225],"by":[226],"evidence-based":[227],"data":[228],"well-designed":[230],"clinical":[231],"studies.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
