{"id":"https://openalex.org/W756850240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","title":"Gideon v. Wainwright: The \"Art\" of Overruling","display_name":"Gideon v. Wainwright: The \"Art\" of Overruling","publication_year":1963,"publication_date":"1963-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W756850240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","mag":"756850240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94195887","display_name":"The Supreme Court Review","issn_l":"0081-9557","issn":["0081-9557","2158-2459"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Supreme Court Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000034084","display_name":"Jerold H. Israel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerold H. Israel","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000034084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08126534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1963","issue":null,"first_page":"211","last_page":"272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14493","display_name":"Criminal Law and Evidence","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14493","display_name":"Criminal Law and Evidence","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.023399999365210533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.019600000232458115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gideon-v-wainwright","display_name":"Gideon v. Wainwright","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overruling-precedent","display_name":"overruling precedent","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-counsel","display_name":"right to counsel","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigent-defendants","display_name":"indigent defendants","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sixth-amendment","display_name":"Sixth Amendment","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourteenth-amendment-due-process","display_name":"Fourteenth Amendment due process","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-criminal-procedure","display_name":"state criminal procedure","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federalism","display_name":"federalism","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writ-of-habeas-corpus","display_name":"writ of habeas corpus","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundamental-fairness","display_name":"fundamental fairness","score":0.49799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q299691","display_name":"Wainwright","level":2,"score":0.9317628145217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6034615635871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.5734722018241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71043370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4932206","display_name":"Jurisprudence","level":2,"score":0.5163925290107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910235986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6528049","display_name":"Public defender","level":3,"score":0.45732131600379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4378066062927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.40232905745506287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4001995921134949}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94195887","display_name":"The Supreme Court Review","issn_l":"0081-9557","issn":["0081-9557","2158-2459"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Supreme Court Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:chicagounbound.uchicago.edu:supremecourtrev-1029","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/supremecourtrev/vol1963/iss1/8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Supreme Court Review","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.law.umich.edu:articles-1558","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.law.umich.edu/articles/559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Articles","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.law.umich.edu:book_chapters-1288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.law.umich.edu/book_chapters/288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401049","display_name":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","host_organization_name":"Yale University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Book Chapters","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.law.umich.edu:book_chapters-1289","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.law.umich.edu/book_chapters/289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401049","display_name":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","host_organization_name":"Yale University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Book Chapters","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.law.umich.edu:facarticles-1558","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.law.umich.edu/facarticles/559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Articles","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254804534","https://openalex.org/W7032642590","https://openalex.org/W4408604492","https://openalex.org/W3199112498","https://openalex.org/W4252880449","https://openalex.org/W2308870608","https://openalex.org/W7223599925","https://openalex.org/W1589867053","https://openalex.org/W2898544508","https://openalex.org/W1485385540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,4,30,57,74,90,101,119,145,148,151,161,172,177,184,187,192,210,218,226,240,244,250,268,271,277],"1962":[2],"Term,":[3],"Supreme":[5],"Court,":[6],"on":[7,53,138],"a":[8,65,123,131,222,233,262,280],"single":[9],"Monday,":[10],"announced":[11],"six":[12],"decisions":[13,116],"concerned":[14],"with":[15],"constitutional":[16],"limitations":[17],"upon":[18,183,191,267],"state":[19,54,66],"criminal":[20,55,67,206],"procedure.":[21],"The":[22],"most":[23,31],"publicized":[24],"of":[25,35,48,59,76,92,126,147,160,176,221,228,255,279,284],"these,":[26],"though":[27],"probably":[28,106],"not":[29,181],"important":[32,87,157],"in":[33,64,89,167,205,232],"terms":[34],"legal":[36],"theory":[37],"or":[38],"practical":[39],"effect,":[40],"was":[41],"Gideon":[42,82,274],"v.":[43,164],"Wainwright.":[44],"In":[45,238],"an":[46,61,70,86,156,195,214],"era":[47],"constantly":[49],"expanding":[50],"federal":[51,124,193],"restrictions":[52],"processes,":[56],"holding":[58],"Gideon-that":[60],"indigent":[62,203,259],"defendant":[63],"prosecution":[68],"has":[69,105],"unqualified":[71],"right":[72,264],"to":[73,97,198,212],"appointment":[75],"counsel-was":[77],"hardly":[78],"startling.":[79],"And":[80],"while":[81],"will":[83],"obviously":[84],"have":[85],"effect":[88],"handful":[91],"states":[93,134,211],"that":[94,117,133,150,171,225,249],"still":[95],"fail":[96],"appoint":[98,199],"counsel":[99,137,200,229,256],"at":[100],"trial":[102,234],"level,":[103],"it":[104],"caused":[107],"far":[108],"less":[109],"alarm":[110],"among":[111],"prosecutors":[112],"than":[113],"its":[114],"sister":[115],"relaxed":[118],"prerequisites":[120],"for":[121,201,257],"obtaining":[122],"writ":[125],"habea":[127],"corpus":[128],"and":[129,247],"imposed":[130,190],"requirement":[132,197],"also":[135],"provide":[136,213],"appeals.":[139],"What":[140],"distinguished":[141],"Gideon-and":[142],"what":[143],"attracted":[144],"attention":[146],"press-was":[149],"result":[152,231],"there":[153],"reached":[154],"overruled":[155],"prior":[158],"decision":[159],"Court.":[162],"Betts":[163,245],"Brady,":[165],"decided":[166],"1942,":[168],"had":[169],"held":[170,248],"Due":[173],"Process":[174],"Clause":[175],"Fourteenth":[178,272],"Amendment":[179,189],"did":[180],"impose":[182],"states,":[185],"as":[186],"Sixth":[188],"government,":[194],"absolute":[196],"all":[202,258],"defendents":[204],"cases.":[207,285],"It":[208],"required":[209],"attorney":[215],"only":[216],"where":[217],"particular":[219],"circumstances":[220],"case":[223],"indicated":[224],"absence":[227],"would":[230],"lacking":[235],"\"fundamental":[236,263],"fairness.\"":[237],"Gideon,":[239],"Court":[241],"explicitly":[242],"rejected":[243],"rule":[246],"\"Sixth":[251],"Amendment's":[252],"[unqualified]":[253],"guarantee":[254],"defendants\"":[260],"is":[261],"...made":[265],"obligatory":[266],"States":[269],"by":[270],"Amendment.\"":[273],"thus":[275],"joined":[276],"ranks":[278],"rather":[281],"select":[282],"group":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}