{"id":"https://openalex.org/W75591663","doi":null,"title":"The Helicopter Parent: Research toward a Typology (Part I).","display_name":"The Helicopter Parent: Research toward a Typology (Part I).","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W75591663","mag":"75591663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:75591663","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ899286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764566839","display_name":"College and university","issn_l":"0010-0889","issn":["0010-0889"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362724880","host_organization_name":"American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362724880"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"College and university","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110412494","display_name":"Patr\u00edcia Somers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patr\u00edcia Somers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063334596","display_name":"Jim Settle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim Settle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.086,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9779544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"1","first_page":"18","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11676","display_name":"Parental Involvement in Education","score":0.6830999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11676","display_name":"Parental Involvement in Education","score":0.6830999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.16859999299049377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.03220000118017197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helicopter-parenting","display_name":"helicopter parenting","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parent-student-relationship","display_name":"parent-student relationship","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parenting-styles","display_name":"parenting styles","score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-overinvolvement","display_name":"parental overinvolvement","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-empowerment","display_name":"student empowerment","score":0.3490000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.5045944452285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.49618178606033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.4515652656555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4361770749092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778983918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188830","display_name":"Wife","level":2,"score":0.4113891124725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40704771876335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.3473302125930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.2564331889152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.21748077869415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1440795361995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13731947541236877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:75591663","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ899286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764566839","display_name":"College and university","issn_l":"0010-0889","issn":["0010-0889"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362724880","host_organization_name":"American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362724880"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"College and university","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578578505","https://openalex.org/W2618173699","https://openalex.org/W4411158102","https://openalex.org/W4296598173","https://openalex.org/W2588401081","https://openalex.org/W4250409718","https://openalex.org/W4311995937","https://openalex.org/W4392032412","https://openalex.org/W3190329739","https://openalex.org/W4415401091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"117,000":[1],"hits":[2],"on":[3,27,44,167,207,227,414,442,542,569],"a":[281],"recent":[5,149],"Google(TM)":[6],"search,":[7],"the":[8,18,22,28,39,65,68,93,142,164,168,187,222,230,260,343,357,369,410,422,495,502,505,523,555,566,575,602],"phenomenon":[9],"of":[10,34,42,52,59,64,89,111,190,196,198,225,243,259,313,421,428,446,483,504,511,536,546,596],"helicopter":[248],"parenting":[12,46,264],"has":[13,144],"been":[14],"widely":[15],"reported":[16],"in":[17,141,324,353,387,400,452,550],"popular":[19],"press.":[20],"Yet":[21,163],"scholarly":[23,165],"literature":[24],"is":[25,170,184,300,345,359],"anemic":[26,171],"topic.":[29],"This":[30,219,406],"article,":[31],"part":[32],"one":[33],"two-part":[36],"series,":[37],"presents":[38,221],"small":[40,223],"body":[41,224],"research":[43,166,226],"and":[47,72,85,99,122,155,160,195,200,215,234,239,255,262,266,350,363,392,404,434,449,460,463,494,528,538,553,582],"describes":[48],"qualitative":[50,205],"study":[51,206,407],"190":[53],"participants":[54],"which":[55,275,598],"identifies":[56,81,240],"five":[57,241],"types":[58,242],"parents.":[61,245],"Part":[62],"two":[63,87],"article":[66,220,272],"explores":[67,229],"social,":[69],"cultural,":[70],"psychological,":[71],"economic":[73],"factors":[74],"that":[75,175,500,543],"give":[76],"rise":[77],"to":[78,104,186,288,361,454,491,559],"parenting;":[80],"implications":[82],"for":[83,147,193,298,456,466],"practice;":[84],"discusses":[86],"theories":[88,535],"parenting.":[90],"INTRODUCTION":[91],"From":[92],"Wall":[94],"Street":[95],"Journal":[96],"(Shellenbarger":[97],"2007)":[98,103],"USA":[100],"Today":[101],"(Jayson":[102],"O":[105],"Magazine":[106],"(Rabb":[107],"2008),":[108,132],"The":[109,246],"Chronicle":[110],"Higher":[112],"Education":[113],"(Hoover":[114],"2008,":[115,130,153],"Lipka":[116],"2005,":[117],"Milstone":[118],"2007,":[119],"Wills":[120],"2005),":[121],"abc's":[123],"Wife":[124],"Swap":[125],"(Poor":[126],"Little":[127],"Rich":[128],"Girl":[129],"Waldo":[131],"stories":[133,429],"about":[134,437],"parents":[136,349,365,383],"abound.":[137],"Likewise,":[138,586],"practitioner":[139],"interest":[140],"subject":[143],"increased":[145],"(see,":[146],"example,":[148],"monographs":[150],"by":[151,252,269,316,416,501,518,574,601],"Carney-Hall":[152],"Daniel":[154],"Scott":[156],"2001,":[157],"Keppler,":[158],"Mullendore":[159],"Casey":[161],"2005).":[162],"topic":[169,231],"(Toepfer":[172],"2008).":[173],"Recognizing":[174],"understanding":[176,420],"parent":[249],"behavior":[179,331,377],"as":[180,182,280],"well":[181],"motivation":[183],"crucial":[185],"effectiveness":[188],"both":[189],"educational":[191],"programs":[192],"students":[194],"management":[197],"colleges":[199],"universities,":[201],"we":[202,425,440],"focused":[203,441],"this":[204,376],"those":[208],"who":[209,308,564],"have":[210,333],"experienced":[211],"helicoptering":[212,415],"firsthand:":[213],"academic":[214],"student":[216,312,351,358,370],"services":[217],"professionals.":[218],"helicoptering;":[228],"through":[232],"interviews":[233],"focus":[235],"groups":[236],"with":[237,488],"professionals;":[238],"term":[247],"was":[250,267,572,599],"coined":[251],"Charles":[253],"Fay":[254],"Foster":[256],"Cline":[257],"(authors":[258],"Love":[261],"Logic":[263],"series)":[265],"popularized":[268],"Newsweek":[271],"(Zeman":[273],"1991),":[274],"described":[276],"such":[277],"person":[279],"nosy":[282],"grown-up":[283],"who's":[284],"always":[285],"around.":[286],"Quick":[287],"offer":[289],"teacher":[291],"unwanted":[292],"help.":[373],"A":[294],"(helopat":[297],"short)":[299],"mother,":[302],"father,":[303],"or":[304,327,336],"even":[305],"grandparent":[307],"hovers":[309],"over":[310],"any":[314],"age":[315,346,484,519],"being":[317,549],"involved":[318],"-":[319,323,430,436],"sometimes":[320],"overly":[321],"so":[322],"student/school,":[325],"student/employer,":[326],"student/societal":[328],"relationships.":[329,405],"Helicopter":[330],"can":[332,384],"positive":[335,378],"negative":[337],"effect.":[338],"Positive":[339],"results":[340],"accrue":[341],"when":[342,348,356,364],"hovering":[344],"appropriate;":[347],"engage":[352],"dialogue;":[355],"empowered":[360],"act;":[362],"intercede":[366],"only":[367],"if":[368],"needs":[371],"additional":[372],"We":[374],"label":[375],"parental":[379],"engagement.":[380],"Negative":[381],"be":[385],"found":[386],"many":[388],"settings,":[389],"including":[390],"educational,":[391],"are":[393],"inappropriately":[394],"(and":[395],"at":[396],"times":[397],"surreptitiously)":[398],"enmeshed":[399],"their":[401,467],"children's":[402],"lives":[403],"differs":[408],"from":[409,515],"numerous":[411],"anecdotal":[412],"articles":[413],"pursuing":[417],"deeper":[419],"phenomenon.":[423],"While":[424],"heard":[426],"hundreds":[427],"sad,":[431],"tragic,":[432],"hilarious,":[433],"mundane":[435],"parents,":[439],"higher":[444],"level":[445],"analysis":[447],"(Miles":[448],"Huberman":[450],"1994)":[451],"order":[453],"search":[455],"typologies":[459],"broader":[461],"historical":[462],"sociocultural":[464],"explanations":[465],"behavior.":[468],"HISTORICAL":[469],"BACKGROUND":[470],"In":[471],"pre":[472],"-industrial":[473],"American":[474],"society,":[475],"young":[476,512],"people":[477,513],"had":[478],"relatively":[480],"brief":[481],"coming":[482],"period.":[485],"Industrialization,":[486],"combined":[487],"population":[489],"shifts":[490],"urban":[492],"areas":[493],"high":[496,516,551],"school":[497,517,552],"movement,":[498],"meant":[499],"turn":[503],"20th":[506],"century,":[507],"growing":[509],"number":[510],"graduated":[514],"eighteen.":[520],"Most":[521],"entered":[522],"workforce":[524],"immediately.":[525],"Home,":[526],"marriage,":[527],"children":[529],"usually":[530],"followed":[531],"shortly":[532],"thereafter.":[533],"Psychological":[534],"adolescence":[537,570,597],"adulthood":[539],"were":[540],"based":[541],"narrow":[544],"band":[545],"time":[547],"between":[548],"joining":[554],"labor":[556],"market.":[557],"According":[558],"Arnett":[560],"(2007),":[561],"Stanley":[562],"Hall,":[563],"wrote":[565],"milestone":[567],"book":[568],"(1904),":[571],"influenced":[573],"notion":[576],"oi":[577],"Sturm":[578],"und":[579],"Drang":[580],"(storm":[581],"stress,":[583],"Goethe":[584],"1774/1989).":[585],"psychoanalyst":[587],"Anna":[588],"Freud":[589],"(1958,":[590],"1968)":[591],"promoted":[592],"dark":[594],"view":[595],"adopted":[600],"Freudian":[603],"school.":[604],"\u2026":[605]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}