{"id":"https://openalex.org/W753538214","doi":null,"title":"Innocent Until Proven Guilty: The Origins of a Legal Maxim","display_name":"Innocent Until Proven Guilty: The Origins of a Legal Maxim","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W753538214","mag":"753538214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.edu:scholar-1169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar/172","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1169&context=scholar","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196759","display_name":"Scholarship at Catholic Law (Catholic University of America)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","host_organization_name":"Catholic University of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scholarly Articles","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1169&context=scholar","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011445483","display_name":"Kenneth Pennington","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","display_name":"Catholic University of America","ror":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pennington, Kenneth","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law","Columbus School of Law"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbus School of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011445483"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22403634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.28540000319480896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.28540000319480896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13739","display_name":"Medieval and Early Modern Justice","score":0.2087000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14493","display_name":"Criminal Law and Evidence","score":0.1737000048160553,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-maxims","display_name":"legal maxims","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presumption-of-innocence","display_name":"presumption of innocence","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-legal-principles","display_name":"history of legal principles","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magna-carta","display_name":"Magna Carta","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-bill-of-rights","display_name":"English Bill of Rights","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/declaration-of-independence","display_name":"Declaration of Independence","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-constitution","display_name":"United States Constitution","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-declaration-of-human-rights","display_name":"Universal Declaration of Human Rights","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-convention-on-human-rights","display_name":"European Convention on Human Rights","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-covenant-on-civil-and-political-rights","display_name":"International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights","score":0.9890000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775955634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374354","display_name":"Maxim","level":2,"score":0.7590813636779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39794275164604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.36890313029289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3583035171031952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.32619011402130127}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.edu:scholar-1169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar/172","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1169&context=scholar","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196759","display_name":"Scholarship at Catholic Law (Catholic University of America)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","host_organization_name":"Catholic University of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scholarly Articles","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.edu:scholar-1169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar/172","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1169&context=scholar","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196759","display_name":"Scholarship at Catholic Law (Catholic University of America)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","host_organization_name":"Catholic University of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scholarly Articles","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W753538214.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W753538214.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2567213331","https://openalex.org/W4248417955","https://openalex.org/W44731815","https://openalex.org/W2355080691","https://openalex.org/W4385251695","https://openalex.org/W3123255432","https://openalex.org/W4253420455","https://openalex.org/W1990896512","https://openalex.org/W7217780913","https://openalex.org/W2624672242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,15,34,98],"maxim,'":[1],"Innocent":[2],"until":[3],"proven":[4],"guilty',":[5],"has":[6,161],"had":[7],"a":[8,38,78,90],"good":[9],"run":[10],"in":[11,21,27,40,50,93,113,129,141,165],"the":[12,19,41,45,61,102,114,117,124,130,133,142,145,159,169],"twentieth":[13],"century.":[14],"United":[16,62,134],"Nations":[17,63],"incorporated":[18,59],"principle":[20],"its":[22],"Declaration":[23,125],"of":[24,47,120,122,126,132,144],"Human":[25,48],"Rights":[26,49,70,121],"1948":[28],"under":[29],"article":[30,53,72],"eleven,":[31],"section":[32,55,74],"one.":[33],"maxim":[35,103,160],"also":[36],"found":[37,112],"place":[39],"European":[42],"Convention":[43],"for":[44,81,101],"Protection":[46],"1953":[51],"[as":[52,71],"6,":[54],"2]":[56],"and":[57,68,136,151],"was":[58,77],"into":[60],"International":[64],"Covenant":[65],"on":[66],"Civil":[67],"Political":[69],"14,":[73],"2].":[75],"This":[76],"satisfying":[79],"development":[80],"Americans":[82],"because":[83],"there":[84],"are":[85],"few":[86],"maxims":[87],"that":[88,158],"have":[89,156],"greater":[91],"resonance":[92],"Anglo-American,":[94],"common":[95],"law":[96],"jurisprudence.":[97],"Anglo-American":[99],"reverence":[100],"does":[104],"pose":[105],"an":[106],"interesting":[107],"conundrum:":[108],"it":[109],"cannot":[110],"be":[111],"Magna":[115],"Carta,":[116],"English":[118,147,166],"Bill":[119],"1689,":[123],"Independence,":[127],"or":[128],"Constitution":[131],"States;":[135],"not,":[137],"I":[138],"might":[139],"add,":[140],"works":[143],"great":[146],"jurists,":[148],"Bracton,":[149],"Coke,":[150],"Blackstone.":[152],"Nevertheless,":[153],"some":[154],"scholars":[155],"claimed":[157],"been":[162],"firmly":[163],"embedded":[164],"jurisprudence":[167],"since":[168],"earliest":[170],"times.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
