{"id":"https://openalex.org/W752574455","doi":null,"title":"A comparative investigation of leadership style in southern Arizona elementary school principals based upon socioeconomic context in the school community","display_name":"A comparative investigation of leadership style in southern Arizona elementary school principals based upon socioeconomic context in the school community","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W752574455","mag":"752574455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/280219","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023701507","display_name":"Manuel Octavio Valenzuela","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Octavio Valenzuela","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023701507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.9063000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.9063000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.08919999748468399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-styles","display_name":"leadership styles","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-principals","display_name":"elementary school principals","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-leadership","display_name":"situational leadership","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-context","display_name":"socioeconomic context","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-community","display_name":"school community","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegating-leadership","display_name":"delegating leadership","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-enrollment","display_name":"student enrollment","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-and-reduced-price-lunch","display_name":"free and reduced-price meals","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-students","display_name":"minority students","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-preparation","display_name":"principal training","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197386563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508686","display_name":"Leadership style","level":2,"score":0.8425716161727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.6221318244934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5910676121711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5504856109619141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111366508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341291","display_name":"Educational leadership","level":2,"score":0.5290034413337708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.48321568965911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.4809114933013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.43795543909072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.4272604286670685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339345","display_name":"Instructional leadership","level":3,"score":0.42448025941848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4006066918373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3545563817024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23976737260818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2380615472793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1510331928730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.1316802203655243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11467626690864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/280219","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)"},{"id":"mag:752574455","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/280219","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49119747","https://openalex.org/W125878946","https://openalex.org/W135498085","https://openalex.org/W192672692","https://openalex.org/W306904703","https://openalex.org/W615268419","https://openalex.org/W1521648562","https://openalex.org/W1544409664","https://openalex.org/W1556057683","https://openalex.org/W1577785489","https://openalex.org/W1586341733","https://openalex.org/W1587916184","https://openalex.org/W1968660238","https://openalex.org/W1971965101","https://openalex.org/W1976500915","https://openalex.org/W1978749816","https://openalex.org/W1985453879","https://openalex.org/W2019585945","https://openalex.org/W2028575454","https://openalex.org/W2035910541","https://openalex.org/W2040593687","https://openalex.org/W2052088369","https://openalex.org/W2073559863","https://openalex.org/W2080269710","https://openalex.org/W2081559024","https://openalex.org/W2092052260","https://openalex.org/W2104796903","https://openalex.org/W2111490417","https://openalex.org/W2124395890","https://openalex.org/W2154137818","https://openalex.org/W2160394346","https://openalex.org/W2164599981","https://openalex.org/W2784401117","https://openalex.org/W3088534910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097334942","https://openalex.org/W2890821760","https://openalex.org/W1590700206","https://openalex.org/W1508139832","https://openalex.org/W3089190808","https://openalex.org/W2963617492","https://openalex.org/W6889404178","https://openalex.org/W1557792425","https://openalex.org/W7027232798","https://openalex.org/W293548785"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,85,168,301],"investigated":[2],"the":[3,26,39,58,84,118,126,162,183,192,202,264,279,283,315],"leadership":[4,65,119,148,177,194,208,306,329],"styles":[5,27,120],"of":[6,28,57,117,161,201,225,234,247,266,273,281,317,325,334],"elementary":[7,93],"school":[8,14,62,94,98,144,165,197,284,294,321,326],"principals":[9,95,339],"from":[10,91,96,159,299],"selected":[11,54,97,141,157],"Southern":[12,101],"Arizona":[13],"districts.":[15,166],"A":[16],"quantitative":[17],"methodology":[18],"was":[19,36,74,134,187,278],"used":[20,135],"to":[21,76,83,136],"investigate":[22,137],"possible":[23,113,138,323,332],"differences":[24,114,175],"in":[25,100,115,176,304,312,320],"participants":[29],"based":[30,124,343],"upon":[31,125,328,344],"socioeconomic":[32],"context.":[33],"Leadership":[34,40],"style":[35,66,122,178,180,195,272],"determined":[37],"using":[38,107],"Effectiveness":[41],"and":[42,60,64,81,121,143,147,196,207,229,232,251,254,271,287,293,331],"Adaptability":[43],"Description":[44],"(LEAD-SELF)":[45],"instrument":[46],"(Hersey":[47],"&":[48],"Blanchard,":[49],"1979).":[50],"Possible":[51],"relationships":[52,139,203],"between":[53,140,182,191,204,223,245],"contextual":[55,345],"variables":[56,146],"principal":[59,142,158],"his/her":[61],"community":[63],"were":[67,89,105,153,172,210,213],"also":[68],"examined.":[69],"The":[70,87,103,129,167,217,237,256],"constant":[71],"comparative":[72],"method":[73],"utilized":[75],"add":[77],"further":[78],"meaning,":[79],"depth,":[80],"texture":[82],"goals.":[86],"data":[88,104],"collected":[90],"47":[92],"districts":[99],"Arizona.":[102],"analyzed":[106],"independent":[108,127],"group":[109],"t":[110],"tests":[111],"for":[112,310,338],"each":[116,160],"adaptability":[123,181],"variable.":[128],"Pearson":[130],"Product":[131],"Moment":[132],"Correlation":[133],"demographic":[145],"style.":[149],"Finally,":[150],"in-depth":[151,257],"interviews":[152,258],"conducted":[154],"with":[155],"a":[156,188,220,241],"five":[163],"participating":[164],"suggested":[169,219,240],"that":[170,297],"there":[171],"no":[173],"significant":[174,189,221,242],"or":[179],"two":[184,214],"groups.":[185],"There":[186,212],"relationship":[190,222,244],"delegating":[193],"enrollment.":[198,255],"Otherwise,":[199],"none":[200],"principal/school":[205],"characteristics":[206],"style/adaptability":[209],"significant.":[211],"additional":[215],"findings.":[216],"first":[218],"percentage":[224,233,246],"students":[226,248],"on":[227,249],"free":[228,250],"reduced":[230,252],"lunch":[231,253],"minority":[235],"students.":[236],"second":[238],"finding":[239],"negative":[243],"revealed":[259],"several":[260],"emergent":[261],"themes":[262],"including":[263],"constancy":[265],"principals'":[267],"core":[268],"values,":[269],"beliefs,":[270],"leadership.":[274],"Another":[275],"major":[276],"theme":[277],"importance":[280,316],"understanding":[282],"community,":[285],"situation":[286],"how":[288],"this":[289,300],"might":[290],"impact":[291,324],"practice":[292,342],"programs.":[295],"Recommendations":[296],"emerged":[298],"included":[302],"training":[303,337],"situational":[305],"as":[307],"important":[308],"knowledge":[309],"leaders":[311],"all":[313],"environments,":[314],"high-relationship":[318],"behavior":[319],"leadership,":[322],"environment":[327],"practice,":[330],"benefits":[333],"providing":[335],"specialized":[336],"about":[340],"effective":[341],"variables.":[346]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}