{"id":"https://openalex.org/W74712794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","title":"What should Marxism materialism propose to International Relations?","display_name":"What should Marxism materialism propose to International Relations?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W74712794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","mag":"74712794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","pdf_url":"https://academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739231897","display_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2079-3715","issn":["2079-3715","2309-1088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314746","host_organization_name":"Academicus","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academicus"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060810273","display_name":"Egni Malo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","display_name":"London Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae33288","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Egni Malo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metropolitan University, London, UK","London Metropolitan University, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metropolitan University, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Metropolitan University, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060810273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"131","last_page":"169"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.7860999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.7860999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14278","display_name":"Marxism and Critical Theory","score":0.1995999962091446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-materialism","display_name":"historical materialism","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marxism","display_name":"Marxism","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-relations-theory","display_name":"international relations theory","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capitalism","display_name":"capitalism","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-war","display_name":"Cold War","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communism","display_name":"communism","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-interests","display_name":"strategic interests","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-policy","display_name":"Western policy","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542948173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6186","display_name":"Communism","level":3,"score":0.775713324546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776399210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190004","display_name":"Historical materialism","level":4,"score":0.7215968370437622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144218379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7081","display_name":"Materialism","level":2,"score":0.7109658718109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514928085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206","display_name":"Capitalism","level":3,"score":0.6595580577850342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4423835873603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.44154319167137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96640997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163004","display_name":"Conservatism","level":3,"score":0.43535569310188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.40463563799858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3529708981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3242059350013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.24229702353477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.19512590765953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1616418957710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133437341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639471","display_name":"Marxist philosophy","level":3,"score":0.14679762721061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1400032937526703}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","pdf_url":"https://academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739231897","display_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2079-3715","issn":["2079-3715","2309-1088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314746","host_organization_name":"Academicus","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academicus"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.837.6635","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.837.6635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:etc:journl:y:2014:i:10:p:131-169","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.epoka.edu.al:1/1474","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/1474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400482","display_name":"Health and safety at work (Epoka University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I90671886","host_organization_name":"Epoka University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90671886"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7c6e5e51cfcc4ce9a1d2716a0f769e62","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7c6e5e51cfcc4ce9a1d2716a0f769e62","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal, Vol MMXIV, Iss 10, Pp 131-169 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2591073472","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739231897","display_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2079-3715","issn":["2079-3715","2309-1088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314746","host_organization_name":"Academicus","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academicus"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2014.10.10","pdf_url":"https://academicus.edu.al/nr10/Academicus-MMXIV-10-131-169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739231897","display_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2079-3715","issn":["2079-3715","2309-1088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314746","host_organization_name":"Academicus","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academicus"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W74712794.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W74712794.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32096263","https://openalex.org/W93093517","https://openalex.org/W135425529","https://openalex.org/W265192617","https://openalex.org/W569123130","https://openalex.org/W570705435","https://openalex.org/W591356978","https://openalex.org/W655372821","https://openalex.org/W1505303917","https://openalex.org/W1520749229","https://openalex.org/W1530606971","https://openalex.org/W1547679982","https://openalex.org/W1559247961","https://openalex.org/W1559549176","https://openalex.org/W1588812431","https://openalex.org/W1593279910","https://openalex.org/W1615332365","https://openalex.org/W1697934884","https://openalex.org/W1896517735","https://openalex.org/W1963925391","https://openalex.org/W1966123996","https://openalex.org/W1967877710","https://openalex.org/W1968695321","https://openalex.org/W1973211745","https://openalex.org/W1977821022","https://openalex.org/W1985038121","https://openalex.org/W1985098270","https://openalex.org/W2006873923","https://openalex.org/W2017020094","https://openalex.org/W2022114147","https://openalex.org/W2025962218","https://openalex.org/W2038532422","https://openalex.org/W2038894972","https://openalex.org/W2041681298","https://openalex.org/W2046102361","https://openalex.org/W2072024028","https://openalex.org/W2077577890","https://openalex.org/W2085640219","https://openalex.org/W2094736317","https://openalex.org/W2096473475","https://openalex.org/W2109671377","https://openalex.org/W2114869903","https://openalex.org/W2147620534","https://openalex.org/W2155424107","https://openalex.org/W2160732328","https://openalex.org/W2168921485","https://openalex.org/W2170601080","https://openalex.org/W2312412562","https://openalex.org/W2330048065","https://openalex.org/W2330094554","https://openalex.org/W2333314148","https://openalex.org/W2477681781","https://openalex.org/W2483161789","https://openalex.org/W2496528985","https://openalex.org/W2617802281","https://openalex.org/W2799861979","https://openalex.org/W2970730121","https://openalex.org/W2999503909","https://openalex.org/W3001034026","https://openalex.org/W3179837868","https://openalex.org/W4205111143","https://openalex.org/W4230264477","https://openalex.org/W4240183889","https://openalex.org/W4247167706","https://openalex.org/W4255438567","https://openalex.org/W4390915959","https://openalex.org/W6605558989","https://openalex.org/W6631319768","https://openalex.org/W6635072899","https://openalex.org/W7043510094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2591073472","https://openalex.org/W4387265685","https://openalex.org/W2102172103","https://openalex.org/W4395681810","https://openalex.org/W3127724738","https://openalex.org/W7204228967","https://openalex.org/W7015718657","https://openalex.org/W2999059556","https://openalex.org/W4396724830","https://openalex.org/W287775418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"argue":[1,62,114],"for":[2,18,63,166],"the":[3,6,13,29,52,66,79,82,116,160,164,168,183,188,199,211],"acknowledgment":[4],"of":[5,8,31,51,68,81,85,92,115,138,185,190,210],"importance":[7],"historical":[9,69,119,191],"materialism":[10,70,120,192],"today":[11],"when":[12],"cold-war":[14],"and":[15,132,140,170,173,187,208],"communism":[16,86,186],"have":[17],"more":[19,96,146],"than":[20,97,147],"two":[21],"decades":[22],"ceased":[23],"to":[24,41,201],"exist":[25],"it":[26,89],"might":[27,195],"create":[28],"perception":[30],"appearing":[32],"dejected.":[33],"Yet":[34],"such":[35],"a":[36,90],"task":[37],"which":[38,202],"we":[39,113],"attempt":[40],"take":[42],"in":[43,130,178],"this":[44,111],"work":[45],"is":[46],"possible,":[47],"if":[48],"only":[49],"because":[50],"way":[53],"that":[54,65,87,118,129,175],"our":[55,151],"actuality":[56],"has":[57,98,134],"depicted":[58],"itself.":[59],"One":[60],"can":[61,121],"example":[64],"significance":[67],"as":[71,124,127,135,196],"an":[72],"elucidating":[73],"method":[74],"was":[75],"never":[76],"reliant":[77],"on":[78,103,144],"success":[80],"authoritarian":[83],"regimes":[84],"gave":[88],"face":[91],"their":[93],"own,":[94],"any":[95],"traditional":[99],"conservatism":[100],"been":[101],"dependent":[102],"social":[104,152,169],"Darwinism,":[105],"racist":[106],"or/and":[107],"aggressive":[108],"regimes.":[109],"Beyond":[110],"indication":[112],"possibility":[117],"be":[122],"recognised":[123],"explanatory":[125],"system,":[126],"one":[128],"derivation":[131],"maturity":[133],"its":[136,206],"focus":[137],"analysis":[139],"particularly":[141],"lays":[142],"emphasis":[143],"what":[145],"ever":[148],"before":[149],"governs":[150],"world":[153],"today,":[154],"capitalism.":[155],"The":[156],"cold":[157],"war":[158],"proved":[159],"ground":[161],"or":[162],"rather":[163],"fit":[165],"concealing":[167],"economic":[171],"divide":[172],"made":[174],"division":[176],"namely":[177],"competing":[179],"strategic":[180],"interest:":[181],"with":[182],"failure":[184],"freeing":[189],"itself,":[193],"IR":[194],"well":[197],"accept":[198],"degree":[200],"socio-economic":[203],"issues":[204],"determined":[205],"agenda":[207],"policy":[209],"west.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
